a16z 推動統一 DAO 法律實體引發權力下放擔憂

Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) 對懷俄明州 DUNA 實體 DAO 的推廣引發了人們對創投對去中心化組織的潛在主導地位的擔憂。在承認 DUNA 優點的同時，作者強調了為所有 DAO 規定特定法律結構的危險，認為這可能會扼殺創新並破壞權力下放原則。作者對 a16z 關於 DUNA 提供法律地位和稅收優惠的說法提出質疑，表明替代結構和策略可能更適合非美國的 DAO。

Venture Capital Giant Andreessen Horowitz's Push for Uniform DAO Legal Entity Raises Concerns over Decentralization

創投巨頭 Andreessen Horowitz 推動統一 DAO 法律實體引發對權力下放的擔憂

Introduction

介紹

The recent blog post by Andreessen Horowitz (a16z), a prominent venture capital firm in the cryptocurrency sphere, has sparked a debate within the crypto community regarding the proposed Wyoming Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Association (DUNA), a new legal entity type designed for decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs). While recognizing the potential benefits of DUNAs, concerns have been raised about a16z's intention to establish them as the "industry standard" and the implications this may have for decentralization principles.

加密貨幣領域著名創投公司Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) 最近發表的部落格文章引發了加密貨幣社群內關於擬議的懷俄明州去中心化非法人非營利協會(DUNA) 的爭論，該協會是一種專為去中心化自治而設計的新法律實體類型組織（DAO）。在認識到 DUNA 的潛在好處的同時，人們對 a16z 將其確立為「行業標準」的意圖以及這可能對去中心化原則產生的影響表示擔憂。

a16z's Arguments and Rebuttals

a16z的論點和反駁

a16z asserts that DUNAs provide legal existence for DAOs, enabling them to engage in various activities and mitigate liability risks. However, critics argue that such blanket statements oversimplify the complex landscape of DAO governance. They contend that the suitability of a legal entity varies widely depending on the specific purpose and circumstances of each DAO. For instance, the imposition of a DUNA structure may hinder the growth of DAOs seeking autonomy from traditional legal frameworks.

a16z 聲稱，DUNA 為 DAO 提供了合法存在，使它們能夠從事各種活動並減輕責任風險。然而，批評者認為，這種籠統的陳述過於簡化了 DAO 治理的複雜格局。他們認為，法律實體的適用性因每個 DAO 的特定目的和情況而異。例如，強加 DUNA 結構可能會阻礙尋求傳統法律框架自治的 DAO 的發展。

Tax Considerations and Potential Biases

稅務考慮因素和潛在偏見

a16z also highlights DUNAs' ability to facilitate tax payments within the United States. However, this argument has been met with skepticism, as many international DAO members seek to minimize their tax exposure to the U.S. Critics question whether DUNAs genuinely provide tax benefits for non-U.S. residents and suggest that a16z's focus on U.S. tax compliance may be influenced by its own business interests.

a16z 也強調了 DUNA 促進美國境內納稅的能力。然而，這一論點遭到了質疑，因為許多國際DAO 成員都尋求最大限度地減少對美國的稅收風險。批評者質疑DUNA 是否真正為非美國居民提供稅收優惠，並表示a16z 對美國稅收合規性的關注可能會受到以下因素的影響：自己的商業利益。

Alternative Approaches to Liability Management

負債管理的替代方法

While acknowledging the issue of liability faced by DAO members, critics challenge a16z's claim that a legal entity wrapper is the only solution. They propose alternative approaches, such as private contracts between DAO members, which allow individuals to "opt out" of their local jurisdictions and adhere to mutually agreed-upon rules. Such structures have been successfully implemented in existing DAOs and provide a viable alternative to traditional legal entities.

在承認 DAO 成員面臨的責任問題的同時，批評者對 a16z 聲稱法人實體包裝器是唯一解決方案的說法提出了質疑。他們提出了替代方法，例如 DAO 成員之間的私人合同，允許個人「選擇退出」當地管轄範圍並遵守共同商定的規則。這種結構已在現有 DAO 中成功實施，並為傳統法律實體提供了可行的替代方案。

Dangers of Uniform Legal Standards for DAOs

DAO 統一法律標準的危險

Critics emphasize the risks associated with attempting to establish a uniform legal entity structure for DAOs. They argue that the crypto landscape is still evolving, and premature standardization could stifle innovation and impede the development of diverse legal approaches tailored to specific DAO needs. Moreover, they express concern that concentrating the fate of decentralized networks in the hands of a single legislator, such as Wyoming, undermines the principles of decentralization.

批評者強調嘗試為 DAO 建立統一的法人實體結構存在風險。他們認為，加密貨幣格局仍在不斷發展，過早的標準化可能會扼殺創新，並阻礙針對特定 DAO 需求的多樣化法律方法的發展。此外，他們也表示擔心，將去中心化網路的命運集中在懷俄明州等單一立法者手中，將破壞去中心化原則。

Balancing Innovation and Decentralization

平衡創新與權力下放

While recognizing the potential value of DUNAs as one option among many, critics caution against overreliance on a single legal entity type. They emphasize the importance of considering a wide range of options, including those that exist outside the U.S., and advocate for the preservation of code and communities' ability to operate autonomously without legal wrappers. They warn that any attempt to impose a specific solution as the standard will ultimately prove detrimental to the growth and diversity of DAOs within the crypto ecosystem.

雖然認識到 DUNA 作為眾多選擇之一的潛在價值，但批評者警告不要過度依賴單一法律實體類型。他們強調考慮各種選擇的重要性，包括美國境外存在的選擇，並主張保留代碼和社區在沒有法律包裝的情況下自主運作的能力。他們警告說，任何將特定解決方案強加為標準的嘗試最終都將不利於加密生態系統內 DAO 的成長和多樣性。