a16z 推动统一 DAO 法律实体引发权力下放担忧

Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) 对怀俄明州 DUNA 实体 DAO 的推广引发了人们对风险资本对去中心化组织的潜在主导地位的担忧。在承认 DUNA 优点的同时，作者强调了为所有 DAO 规定特定法律结构的危险，认为这可能会扼杀创新并破坏权力下放原则。作者对 a16z 关于 DUNA 提供法律地位和税收优惠的说法提出质疑，表明替代结构和策略可能更适合非美国的 DAO。

Venture Capital Giant Andreessen Horowitz's Push for Uniform DAO Legal Entity Raises Concerns over Decentralization

风险投资巨头 Andreessen Horowitz 推动统一 DAO 法律实体引发对权力下放的担忧

Introduction

介绍

The recent blog post by Andreessen Horowitz (a16z), a prominent venture capital firm in the cryptocurrency sphere, has sparked a debate within the crypto community regarding the proposed Wyoming Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Association (DUNA), a new legal entity type designed for decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs). While recognizing the potential benefits of DUNAs, concerns have been raised about a16z's intention to establish them as the "industry standard" and the implications this may have for decentralization principles.

加密货币领域著名风险投资公司 Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) 最近发表的博文引发了加密货币社区内关于拟议的怀俄明州去中心化非法人非营利协会 (DUNA) 的争论，该协会是一种专为去中心化自治而设计的新法律实体类型组织（DAO）。在认识到 DUNA 的潜在好处的同时，人们对 a16z 将其确立为“行业标准”的意图以及这可能对去中心化原则产生的影响表示担忧。

a16z's Arguments and Rebuttals

a16z的论点和反驳

a16z asserts that DUNAs provide legal existence for DAOs, enabling them to engage in various activities and mitigate liability risks. However, critics argue that such blanket statements oversimplify the complex landscape of DAO governance. They contend that the suitability of a legal entity varies widely depending on the specific purpose and circumstances of each DAO. For instance, the imposition of a DUNA structure may hinder the growth of DAOs seeking autonomy from traditional legal frameworks.

a16z 声称，DUNA 为 DAO 提供了合法存在，使它们能够从事各种活动并减轻责任风险。然而，批评者认为，这种笼统的陈述过于简单化了 DAO 治理的复杂格局。他们认为，法律实体的适用性因每个 DAO 的具体目的和情况而异。例如，强加 DUNA 结构可能会阻碍寻求传统法律框架自治的 DAO 的发展。

Tax Considerations and Potential Biases

税务考虑因素和潜在偏见

a16z also highlights DUNAs' ability to facilitate tax payments within the United States. However, this argument has been met with skepticism, as many international DAO members seek to minimize their tax exposure to the U.S. Critics question whether DUNAs genuinely provide tax benefits for non-U.S. residents and suggest that a16z's focus on U.S. tax compliance may be influenced by its own business interests.

a16z 还强调了 DUNA 促进美国境内纳税的能力。然而，这一论点遭到了质疑，因为许多国际 DAO 成员都寻求最大限度地减少对美国的税收风险。批评者质疑 DUNA 是否真正为非美国居民提供税收优惠，并表示 a16z 对美国税收合规性的关注可能会受到以下因素的影响：自己的商业利益。

Alternative Approaches to Liability Management

负债管理的替代方法

While acknowledging the issue of liability faced by DAO members, critics challenge a16z's claim that a legal entity wrapper is the only solution. They propose alternative approaches, such as private contracts between DAO members, which allow individuals to "opt out" of their local jurisdictions and adhere to mutually agreed-upon rules. Such structures have been successfully implemented in existing DAOs and provide a viable alternative to traditional legal entities.

在承认 DAO 成员面临的责任问题的同时，批评者对 a16z 声称法人实体包装器是唯一解决方案的说法提出了质疑。他们提出了替代方法，例如 DAO 成员之间的私人合同，允许个人“选择退出”当地管辖范围并遵守共同商定的规则。这种结构已在现有 DAO 中成功实施，并为传统法律实体提供了可行的替代方案。

Dangers of Uniform Legal Standards for DAOs

DAO 统一法律标准的危险

Critics emphasize the risks associated with attempting to establish a uniform legal entity structure for DAOs. They argue that the crypto landscape is still evolving, and premature standardization could stifle innovation and impede the development of diverse legal approaches tailored to specific DAO needs. Moreover, they express concern that concentrating the fate of decentralized networks in the hands of a single legislator, such as Wyoming, undermines the principles of decentralization.

批评者强调尝试为 DAO 建立统一的法人实体结构存在风险。他们认为，加密货币格局仍在不断发展，过早的标准化可能会扼杀创新，并阻碍针对特定 DAO 需求的多样化法律方法的发展。此外，他们还表示担心，将去中心化网络的命运集中在怀俄明州等单一立法者手中，会破坏去中心化原则。

Balancing Innovation and Decentralization

平衡创新与权力下放

While recognizing the potential value of DUNAs as one option among many, critics caution against overreliance on a single legal entity type. They emphasize the importance of considering a wide range of options, including those that exist outside the U.S., and advocate for the preservation of code and communities' ability to operate autonomously without legal wrappers. They warn that any attempt to impose a specific solution as the standard will ultimately prove detrimental to the growth and diversity of DAOs within the crypto ecosystem.

虽然认识到 DUNA 作为众多选择之一的潜在价值，但批评者警告不要过度依赖单一法律实体类型。他们强调考虑各种选择的重要性，包括美国境外存在的选择，并主张保留代码和社区在没有法律包装的情况下自主运作的能力。他们警告说，任何将特定解决方案强加为标准的尝试最终都将不利于加密生态系统内 DAO 的增长和多样性。