数字资产领域法律环境滞后

海牙国际私法会议（HCCH）发起了一个项目，旨在探索数字代币并澄清跨境企业的法律不确定性。该项目旨在定义数字工具分类法，重点关注现实世界资产的代币化和基金代币化。考虑六类代币：房地产代币、实用代币、支付代币、NFT、稳定币和代表债权的代币。该项目不包括证券、CBDC 和碳信用额，并将与现有 HCCH 项目就这些主题进行合作。

Is Legal Clarity Lagging in the Digital Asset Landscape?

数字资产领域的法律清晰度是否滞后？

For years, the digital asset industry has grappled with the lingering issue of legal uncertainty, often outpacing the technological advancements. Despite efforts by various jurisdictions to streamline regulations for DLT securities and financial instruments, the legal landscape remains fragmented across borders.

多年来，数字资产行业一直在努力解决法律不确定性这一挥之不去的问题，其速度往往超过了技术进步的速度。尽管各个司法管辖区都在努力简化对 DLT 证券和金融工具的监管，但跨境法律格局仍然支离破碎。

HCCH Delves into Digital Token Exploration

HCCH深入数字代币探索

Seeking to address this disconnect, the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH) has launched a comprehensive project dedicated to exploring the complexities surrounding digital tokens. This intergovernmental body aims to provide clarity on applicable laws and the recognition of legal decisions across jurisdictions.

为了解决这种脱节问题，海牙国际私法会议（HCCH）启动了一个综合项目，致力于探索数字代币的复杂性。该政府间机构旨在明确适用的法律并承认跨司法管辖区的法律决定。

Tackling the Tokenization Taxonomy

解决标记化分类问题

The initial phase of the HCCH project focuses on compiling a comprehensive taxonomy of digital instruments across different jurisdictions. This categorization will help identify the various types of tokens in circulation, including real estate tokens, utility tokens, and non-fungible tokens (NFTs).

HCCH 项目的初始阶段重点是编制跨不同司法管辖区的数字仪器的综合分类法。这种分类将有助于识别流通中的各种类型的代币，包括房地产代币、实用代币和不可替代代币（NFT）。

Beyond Securities and CBDCs

超越证券和 CBDC

The project deliberately excludes exploring securities, central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), and carbon credits. These topics are already being addressed in separate HCCH initiatives.

该项目故意排除了对证券、央行数字货币（CBDC）和碳信用额的探索。这些主题已在单独的 HCCH 计划中得到解决。

Potential Areas for Scrutiny

潜在的审查领域

Last year, the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT) adopted a set of principles governing digital assets and private law (DAPL). The HCCH's recent joint meetings with UNIDROIT have highlighted potential areas for further investigation:

去年，国际统一私法协会（UNIDROIT）通过了一套管理数字资产和私法（DAPL）的原则。 HCCH 最近与国际统一私法协会举行的联席会议强调了需要进一步调查的潜在领域：

Tokenization of Existing Assets

现有资产的代币化

How can existing assets be effectively recorded on DLT? What are the legal implications of "linked assets"?

现有资产如何有效记录在DLT上？ “关联资产”的法律含义是什么？

Custody in Non-Custodial Settings

非托管环境中的托管

Can custody rules defined in DAPL be extended to non-custodial situations?

DAPL 中定义的托管规则是否可以扩展到非托管情况？

Determining Control in Blockchain

确定区块链中的控制权

In permissionless blockchains, where lies the legal control over digital assets? How do contractual agreements on permissioned blockchains impact this issue?

在无需许可的区块链中，对数字资产的法律控制在哪里？许可区块链上的合同协议如何影响这个问题？

Securities and Digital Tokens

证券和数字代币

While not directly included in the HCCH project, the relationship between securities and digital tokens remains an area of interest. The HCCH will coordinate its work on digital tokens with its ongoing review of the 2006 Convention for securities.

虽然没有直接包含在 HCCH 项目中，但证券和数字代币之间的关系仍然是一个令人感兴趣的领域。 HCCH 将协调其在数字代币方面的工作以及对 2006 年证券公约的持续审查。

International Harmonization

国际协调

The HCCH's efforts aim to promote international harmonization of digital asset laws. By providing clarity on legal frameworks, cross-border businesses can operate with greater certainty in this rapidly evolving landscape.

HCCH 的努力旨在促进数字资产法律的国际协调。通过提供明确的法律框架，跨境企业可以在这个快速发展的环境中更加确定地运营。

Moving Forward

向前进

The HCCH project on digital tokens is a testament to the growing recognition of the need for legal frameworks in the digital asset space. As the industry continues to innovate, collaboration between international bodies is crucial to ensure that the legal system adapts to these technological advancements.

HCCH 数字代币项目证明了人们日益认识到数字资产领域法律框架的必要性。随着行业不断创新，国际机构之间的合作对于确保法律体系适应这些技术进步至关重要。