數位資產領域法律環境落後

海牙國際私法會議（HCCH）發起了一個項目，旨在探索數位代幣並澄清跨國企業的法律不確定性。該專案旨在定義數位工具分類法，重點關注現實世界資產的代幣化和基金代幣化。考慮六類代幣：房地產代幣、實用代幣、支付代幣、NFT、穩定幣和代表債權的代幣。該項目不包括證券、CBDC 和碳信用額，並將與現有 HCCH 項目就這些主題進行合作。

Is Legal Clarity Lagging in the Digital Asset Landscape?

數位資產領域的法律清晰度是否落後？

For years, the digital asset industry has grappled with the lingering issue of legal uncertainty, often outpacing the technological advancements. Despite efforts by various jurisdictions to streamline regulations for DLT securities and financial instruments, the legal landscape remains fragmented across borders.

多年來，數位資產產業一直在努力解決法律不確定性這一揮之不去的問題，其速度往往超過了技術進步的速度。儘管各個司法管轄區都在努力簡化對 DLT 證券和金融工具的監管，但跨境法律格局仍然支離破碎。

HCCH Delves into Digital Token Exploration

HCCH深入數位代幣探索

Seeking to address this disconnect, the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH) has launched a comprehensive project dedicated to exploring the complexities surrounding digital tokens. This intergovernmental body aims to provide clarity on applicable laws and the recognition of legal decisions across jurisdictions.

為了解決這種脫節問題，海牙國際私法會議（HCCH）啟動了一個綜合項目，致力於探索數位代幣的複雜性。該政府間機構旨在明確適用的法律並承認跨司法管轄區的法律決定。

Tackling the Tokenization Taxonomy

解決標記化分類問題

The initial phase of the HCCH project focuses on compiling a comprehensive taxonomy of digital instruments across different jurisdictions. This categorization will help identify the various types of tokens in circulation, including real estate tokens, utility tokens, and non-fungible tokens (NFTs).

HCCH 計畫的初始階段重點是編制跨不同司法管轄區的數位儀器的綜合分類法。這種分類將有助於識別流通中的各種類型的代幣，包括房地產代幣、實用代幣和不可替代代幣（NFT）。

Beyond Securities and CBDCs

超越證券和 CBDC

The project deliberately excludes exploring securities, central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), and carbon credits. These topics are already being addressed in separate HCCH initiatives.

該項目故意排除了對證券、央行數位貨幣（CBDC）和碳信用額的探索。這些主題已在單獨的 HCCH 計劃中解決。

Potential Areas for Scrutiny

潛在的審查領域

Last year, the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT) adopted a set of principles governing digital assets and private law (DAPL). The HCCH's recent joint meetings with UNIDROIT have highlighted potential areas for further investigation:

去年，國際統一私法協會（UNIDROIT）通過了一套管理數位資產和私法（DAPL）的原則。 HCCH 最近與國際統一私法協會舉行的聯席會議強調了需要進一步調查的潛在領域：

Tokenization of Existing Assets

現有資產的代幣化

How can existing assets be effectively recorded on DLT? What are the legal implications of "linked assets"?

現有資產如何有效記錄在DLT上？ 「關聯資產」的法律意義是什麼？

Custody in Non-Custodial Settings

非託管環境中的託管

Can custody rules defined in DAPL be extended to non-custodial situations?

DAPL 中定義的託管規則是否可以擴展到非託管情況？

Determining Control in Blockchain

確定區塊鏈中的控制權

In permissionless blockchains, where lies the legal control over digital assets? How do contractual agreements on permissioned blockchains impact this issue?

在無需許可的區塊鏈中，對數位資產的法律控制在哪裡？許可區塊鏈上的合約協議如何影響這個問題？

Securities and Digital Tokens

證券和數位代幣

While not directly included in the HCCH project, the relationship between securities and digital tokens remains an area of interest. The HCCH will coordinate its work on digital tokens with its ongoing review of the 2006 Convention for securities.

雖然沒有直接包含在 HCCH 項目中，但證券和數位代幣之間的關係仍然是一個令人感興趣的領域。 HCCH 將協調其在數位代幣方面的工作以及對 2006 年證券公約的持續審查。

International Harmonization

國際協調

The HCCH's efforts aim to promote international harmonization of digital asset laws. By providing clarity on legal frameworks, cross-border businesses can operate with greater certainty in this rapidly evolving landscape.

HCCH 的努力旨在促進數位資產法律的國際協調。透過提供明確的法律框架，跨國企業可以在這個快速發展的環境中更確定地運作。

Moving Forward

向前進

The HCCH project on digital tokens is a testament to the growing recognition of the need for legal frameworks in the digital asset space. As the industry continues to innovate, collaboration between international bodies is crucial to ensure that the legal system adapts to these technological advancements.

HCCH 數位代幣計畫證明了人們日益認識到數位資產領域法律框架的必要性。隨著產業不斷創新，國際機構之間的合作對於確保法律體系適應這些技術進步至關重要。