幣安與伊朗的危險聯繫：無視制裁並促進基於加密的逃稅

儘管美國於 2018 年實施制裁，將伊朗與全球金融體系隔離，但領先的加密貨幣交易所幣安已處理與伊朗的數十億美元交易，總金額超過 80 億美元。這項基於區塊鏈數據的揭露揭露了潛在的違反美國制裁的行為和洗錢問題，使幣安面臨法律後果的風險。

Binance's Iranian Connection: Risking U.S. Sanctions and Enabling Crypto-Based Sanctions Evasion

幣安與伊朗的聯繫：冒著美國制裁的風險並且能夠逃避基於加密貨幣的製裁

Since 2018, the cryptocurrency giant Binance has processed Iranian transactions worth a staggering $8 billion, flouting U.S. sanctions designed to isolate Iran from the global financial system. This revelation, uncovered through an analysis of blockchain data from leading industry researcher Chainalysis, exposes the alarming scale of Binance's exposure to Iranian-linked entities and raises serious concerns about the company's compliance with anti-money laundering laws.

自 2018 年以來，加密貨幣巨頭幣安已處理了價值驚人的 80 億美元的伊朗交易，無視美國旨在將伊朗孤立於全球金融體系之外的製裁。這項消息是透過領先產業研究機構 Chainaanalysis 對區塊鏈數據的分析發現的，暴露了幣安與伊朗相關實體的接觸規模驚人，並引發了對該公司遵守反洗錢法的嚴重擔憂。

A Gateway for Iranian Crypto Transactions

伊朗加密貨幣交易的網關

Almost the entire sum – $7.8 billion – flowed directly between Binance and Nobitex, Iran's largest cryptocurrency exchange. Nobitex's website prominently features guidance on circumventing sanctions, including the use of a specific token called Tron, which allows users to conceal their identities. In a blog post last year, Nobitex explicitly encouraged its clients to use Tron to trade anonymously, shielding their assets from the "endangering [of] sanctions."

幾乎全部金額（78 億美元）直接在幣安和伊朗最大的加密貨幣交易所 Nobitex 之間流動。 Nobitex 的網站突出顯示了有關規避制裁的指南，包括使用名為 Tron 的特定代幣，該代幣允許用戶隱藏自己的身分。在去年的一篇部落格文章中，Nobitex 明確鼓勵其客戶使用 Tron 進行匿名交易，保護他們的資產免受「制裁的威脅」。

Indirect Flows: A Red Flag for Money Laundering

間接流動：洗錢的危險訊號

Beyond direct transfers, the data reveals a further $5 billion in crypto flowing between Iranian exchanges and Binance through layers of intermediaries. Regulators view such "indirect" flows as potential red flags, indicating possible money laundering or sanctions evasion. The sophisticated tracking techniques employed by crypto users to cover their tracks make this illicit activity particularly challenging to detect.

除了直接轉帳之外，數據還顯示伊朗交易所和幣安之間透過層層中介機構還有 50 億美元的加密貨幣流動。監管機構將這種「間接」資金流動視為潛在的危險信號，表明可能存在洗錢或逃避制裁的情況。加密貨幣用戶使用複雜的追蹤技術來掩蓋他們的蹤跡，這使得這種非法活動特別難以檢測。

Tron: Hiding in Plain Sight

創：隱藏在眾目睽睽之下

Three-quarters of the Iranian funds that passed through Binance were in Tron, a relatively low-profile cryptocurrency. Tron's privacy features, including the zk-SNARK protocol, enable users to mask their identities, making it a preferred tool for those seeking to evade sanctions or engage in criminal activities.

通過幣安的伊朗資金中有四分之三是 Tron，這是一種相對低調的加密貨幣。 Tron 的隱私功能（包括 zk-SNARK 協議）使用戶能夠掩蓋自己的身份，使其成為尋求逃避制裁或從事犯罪活動的人的首選工具。

Binance's Response: Evasive and Inadequate

幣安的回應：迴避且不充分

Despite the overwhelming evidence, Binance has refused to answer detailed questions about these illicit transactions. While acknowledging its obligation to follow international sanctions rules, Binance maintains that it has taken proactive steps to limit its exposure to the Iranian market. However, the company has declined to provide specifics regarding the location or entity behind its Binance.com exchange.

儘管有壓倒性的證據，幣安仍拒絕回答有關這些非法交易的詳細問題。幣安承認有義務遵守國際制裁規則，但堅稱已採取積極措施限制其對伊朗市場的曝險。然而，該公司拒絕提供有關 Binance.com 交易所背後的地點或實體的具體資訊。

Escalating U.S. Scrutiny

美國加強審查

Binance's conduct has not escaped the attention of U.S. law enforcement. The Justice Department is currently investigating the company for possible violations of anti-money laundering laws, including its handling of Iranian-linked transactions. This probe also encompasses potential criminal sanctions violations in connection with Iran.

幣安的行為並未逃過美國執法單位的關注。司法部目前正在調查該公司是否可能違反反洗錢法，包括處理與伊朗有關的交易。這項調查還包括與伊朗有關的潛在違反刑事制裁的行為。

Secondary Sanctions: A Legal Sword of Damocles

二級制裁：達摩克利斯的法律之劍

The Iranian transactions identified by Reuters put Binance at significant risk of "secondary" sanctions imposed by the U.S. These sanctions aim to prevent non-U.S. firms from engaging in business with sanctioned entities or aiding individuals or organizations in evading U.S. trade embargoes. Binance could face severe consequences, including the loss of access to the U.S. financial system.

路透社指出的伊朗交易使幣安面臨美國實施「二級」制裁的重大風險。這些制裁旨在防止非美國公司與受制裁實體開展業務或幫助個人或組織逃避美國貿易禁運。幣安可能面臨嚴重後果，包括無法進入美國金融體系。

Potential Primary Sanctions: A Direct Threat

潛在的主要製裁：直接威脅

Binance may also be vulnerable to direct "primary" sanctions if the company has a "nexus to the United States." Such links can include U.S.-incorporated entities, transactions processed through the U.S. financial system, or the use of the dollar. Binance's refusal to clarify its legal structure and financial dealings raises red flags and increases the risk of exposure to these primary sanctions.

如果幣安與美國有“聯繫”，那麼該公司也可能容易受到直接“主要”制裁。此類連結可以包括在美國註冊的實體、透過美國金融系統處理的交易或美元的使用。幣安拒絕澄清其法律結構和金融交易，這引發了危險信號，並增加了遭受這些主要製裁的風險。

Nobitex's Role: Facilitating Sanctions Evasion

Nobitex 的角色：協助規避制裁

Nobitex, the Iranian exchange at the center of these transactions, plays a crucial role in enabling Iranians to skirt U.S. sanctions. The exchange's website offers detailed guidance on using intermediaries and concealing transactions, effectively providing a blueprint for evading international law.

位於這些交易中心的伊朗交易所 Nobitex 在幫助伊朗人規避美國制裁方面發揮著至關重要的作用。該交易所的網站提供了有關使用中介機構和隱瞞交易的詳細指導，有效地為逃避國際法提供了藍圖。

Consequences for U.S. Entities

對美國實體的影響

Violations of U.S. sanctions against Iran carry severe penalties for American companies. Criminal fines can reach $1 million per violation, while individuals involved face up to 20 years in prison. In October, the Treasury Department fined the Seattle-based crypto exchange Bittrex a staggering $24 million for processing crypto transactions with Iranian-linked entities.

違反美國對伊朗的製裁，美國公司將受到嚴厲處罰。每次違法行為的刑事罰款最高可達 100 萬美元，涉案個人將面臨最高 20 年的監禁。 10 月，美國財政部因處理與伊朗相關實體的加密交易而對總部位於西雅圖的加密貨幣交易所 Bittrex 處以 2,400 萬美元的巨額罰款。

Binance.US: A Questionable Disconnect

Binance.US：可疑的脫節

While Binance claims not to accept customers in the U.S., the data shows that Binance.US, a separate exchange operated by a U.S. company, processed $1.5 million in transactions from Iranian exchanges. This raises questions about the independence of Binance.US and the extent to which Binance controls its operations.

儘管幣安聲稱不接受美國客戶，但數據顯示，由一家美國公司經營的獨立交易所 Binance.US 處理了來自伊朗交易所的 150 萬美元交易。這引發了人們對 Binance.US 的獨立性以及幣安對其營運的控製程度的質疑。

Conclusion: A Compliance Crisis

結論：合規危機

Binance's Iranian crypto dealings paint a troubling picture of a company that has prioritized profit over compliance. The scale and scope of these transactions, coupled with the use of privacy-enhancing tools and the facilitation of indirect flows, raise serious concerns about Binance's adherence to anti-money laundering laws and its willingness to undermine U.S. sanctions. The ongoing Justice Department investigation looms over Binance, threatening to expose its alleged wrongdoing and impose severe penalties. Binance's reputation as a trusted cryptocurrency exchange is now at stake, with its future hanging in the balance.

幣安的伊朗加密貨幣交易描繪了一幅令人不安的景象：一家將利潤置於合規之上的公司。這些交易的規模和範圍，加上隱私增強工具的使用和間接流動的便利，引發了人們對幣安遵守反洗錢法及其破壞美國制裁的意願的嚴重擔憂。司法部正在進行的調查籠罩著幣安，威脅要揭露其涉嫌的不當行為並實施嚴厲處罰。幣安作為值得信賴的加密貨幣交易所的聲譽現在受到威脅，其未來也懸而未決。