美国市将开设新博物馆，专门展示被称为“樱花”的大卡飞机的历史

大分县宇佐市正在建设一座新博物馆，以传达大卡飞机的历史。被称为“樱花”的美国飞行队在战争末期部署了“Ohka”。博物馆新馆计划于 2027 年 4 月开放。

Usa City in Oita Prefecture is set to open a new museum dedicated to the history of the Ohka aircraft in April 2027. The museum will serve as a field museum where visitors can explore war records and relics, including hardened shelters used for storing fighter planes.

大分县宇佐市计划于 2027 年 4 月开设一座新博物馆，专门展示大卡飞机的历史。该博物馆将作为一个战地博物馆，游客可以在这里探索战争记录和文物，包括用于存放战斗机的加固掩体。

Due to construction delays, Usa City has been displaying items from its collection at a temporary facility known as the "Peace Museum," where 4,000 pieces have been exhibited since 2013.

由于施工延误，美国城一直在一个名为“和平博物馆”的临时设施中展示其收藏品，自 2013 年以来，该馆已展出 4,000 件藏品。

The Ohka, also known as the "human bomb," was carried by a Type 1 Land Attack Aircraft and released upon spotting an enemy vessel. It then ignited its three tail-mounted rocket boosters sequentially, accelerating to over 600 kilometers per hour before impact. Without fighter escorts, it often faced the risk of being shot down by enemy aircraft along with the Type 1 Bomber.

Ohka，也被称为“人体炸弹”，由一架 1 型陆地攻击机携带，并在发现敌舰时释放。然后，它依次点燃尾部安装的三个火箭助推器，在撞击前加速到每小时 600 多公里。在没有战斗机护航的情况下，它常常面临着与一型轰炸机一起被敌机击落的风险。

The museum will feature a life-sized model of the Ohka, along with the actual cockpit glass and launch tubes. Testimony videos from former crew members and personal belongings, including letters, will reveal the tragic nature of their suicide missions.

博物馆将展示 Ohka 的真人大小模型，以及实际的驾驶舱玻璃和发射管。前机组人员的证词视频和包括信件在内的个人物品将揭示他们自杀任务的悲剧性。

In addition to the Ohka, the permanent museum will also feature life-sized models of the Zero Fighter Model 21 (Zero), and Japan's first-ever display of the Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber. It aims to tackle the important challenge of preserving memories from the era. With the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II approaching, this new museum is worthy of attention.

除了 Ohka 之外，常设博物馆还将展出真人大小的零式战斗机 21 型（零）模型，以及日本首次展示的 97 型舰载攻击轰炸机。它旨在应对保存那个时代记忆的重要挑战。随着二战结束80周年的临近，这座新博物馆值得关注。

Theater of History

历史剧场

Usa City, situated in north Oita Prefecture at the base of the Kunisaki Peninsula, boasts serene rural landscapes. On October 1, 1939, the Usa Flying Corps was established. It served as a training air corps for pilots of carrier-based attack and bomber aircraft.

宇佐市位于大分县北部的国东半岛底部，拥有宁静的乡村景观。 1939年10月1日，美国飞行队成立。它是舰载攻击机和轰炸机飞行员的训练航空队。

The Usa base also provided the backdrop for numerous historical events. For example, Major Kakuichi Takahashi was an instructor at the base during the attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 8, 1941. He commanded the flight squadron of the aircraft carrier Shōkaku and is remembered for dropping the first bomb.

美国基地还为许多历史事件提供了背景。例如，1941 年 12 月 8 日夏威夷珍珠港袭击期间，高桥角一少校担任该基地的教官。他指挥着翔鹤号航空母舰的飞行中队，并因投下第一枚炸弹而被人们铭记。

In the war's final stages, Usa was a base for the Kamikaze Special Attack Units, in which 154 aviators lost their lives on suicide missions. Mounted on the Type 1 Land Attack-based Aircraft, the Ohka also launched from Usa.

在战争的最后阶段，美国是神风特攻队特种攻击部队的基地，其中有 154 名飞行员在自杀任务中丧生。 Ohka 也安装在 1 型陆地攻击机上，从美国发射。

As a result, it has served as the setting for several novels. These include Hiroyuki Agawa's Burial in the Clouds and Saburō Shiroyama's Shikikantachi no Tokko [The Commanders' Special Attacks].

因此，它成为了多部小说的背景。其中包括阿川博之的《云葬》和城山三郎的《四季堪太之特攻》。

Hardened Shelters and Bomb Ponds

加固的避难所和炸弹池

Originally, the city had planned to open the Peace Museum (tentative name) in 2020 and began preparations accordingly. However, a bidding process in 2018 fell through, reportedly due to soaring construction costs driven by the Tokyo Olympics. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused further delays.

原本，该市计划于2020年开馆和平博物馆（暂名），并开始相关筹备工作。然而，据报道，由于东京奥运会推动的建筑成本飙升，2018年的申办过程失败了。 COVID-19 大流行的爆发造成了进一步的延误。

By scaling down the building size to two floors, approximately 3,370 square meters, Usa officials have managed to streamline the budget. Construction is now set to begin in 2025. Even with the reduction, the total cost is projected to be around ¥800 million JPY (approximately $5.3 million USD).

通过将建筑面积缩小至两层楼（约 3,370 平方米），美国官员成功地精简了预算。目前预计将于 2025 年动工。即使减少成本，总成本预计仍约为 8 亿日元（约 530 万美元）。

This site is the WWII-related historical site to be designated as a cultural property, following the Okinawa Army Hospital Haebaru Bunker No. 20. Remarkably, it received its designation before Hiroshima's Atomic Bomb Dome.

该遗址是继冲绳陆军医院南风原地堡第20号之后被指定为文化财产的二战相关史迹。值得注意的是，它是在广岛原子弹爆炸圆顶屋之前获得指定的。

Other notable sites include a parachute maintenance facility marked by bullet holes. There is also the Bomb Pond, formed by a crater left by a B-29 bomb. Additionally, remnants of an 80-meter-wide, 1,800-meter-long runway can be found. More than ten such locations are scattered around the Usa base area.

其他值得注意的地点包括一个带有弹孔的降落伞维护设施。还有炸弹池，由 B-29 炸弹留下的弹坑形成。此外，还发现了一条宽80米、长1800米的跑道遗迹。美国基地周围分布着十多个这样的地点。

After the war, the concrete from the runway was removed, and the former airfield was converted into rice paddies and residential areas. Of the approximately 100 bomb craters, only the Bomb Pond remains, as the others were filled in.

战后，跑道上的混凝土被拆除，以前的机场被改造成稻田和住宅区。大约 100 个弹坑中，只剩下炸弹池，其他都已被填平。

Footage of Yamato Under Attack

大和受到攻击的镜头

A local historical research group unearthed the footage the museum is set to showcase. These historians spent over a decade uncovering the footage from the United States National Archives records. The collection includes gun camera footage from US military aircraft documenting air raids over Japan. In addition, the footage features dramatic scenes of the battleship Yamato under attack, which is sure to draw significant interest.

当地的一个历史研究小组发掘了博物馆将要展示的镜头。这些历史学家花了十多年的时间从​​美国国家档案馆的记录中发现了这些镜头。该收藏包括美国军用飞机的机枪摄像机镜头，记录了对日本的空袭。此外，该片段还展示了战列舰大和号遭受攻击的戏剧性场景，这肯定会引起人们的极大兴趣。

Due to delays in opening the museum, Usa City has been displaying items from its collection at a temporary facility. Known as the Peace Museum, the city has exhibited 4,000 pieces here since 2013.

由于博物馆开放延迟，美国城一直在临时设施中展示其藏品。该市被称为和平博物馆，自 2013 年以来已在这里展出了 4,000 件藏品。

A life-size

真人大小