美國市將開設新博物館，專門展示被稱為「櫻花」的大卡飛機的歷史

大分縣宇佐市正在建造一座新博物館，以傳達大卡飛機的歷史。被稱為「櫻花」的美國飛行隊在戰爭末期部署了「Ohka」。博物館新館計劃於 2027 年 4 月開放。

Usa City in Oita Prefecture is set to open a new museum dedicated to the history of the Ohka aircraft in April 2027. The museum will serve as a field museum where visitors can explore war records and relics, including hardened shelters used for storing fighter planes.

大分縣宇佐市計劃於 2027 年 4 月開設一座新博物館，專門展示大卡飛機的歷史。

Due to construction delays, Usa City has been displaying items from its collection at a temporary facility known as the "Peace Museum," where 4,000 pieces have been exhibited since 2013.

由於施工延誤，美國城一直在一個名為「和平博物館」的臨時設施中展示其收藏品，自 2013 年以來，該館已展出 4,000 件藏品。

The Ohka, also known as the "human bomb," was carried by a Type 1 Land Attack Aircraft and released upon spotting an enemy vessel. It then ignited its three tail-mounted rocket boosters sequentially, accelerating to over 600 kilometers per hour before impact. Without fighter escorts, it often faced the risk of being shot down by enemy aircraft along with the Type 1 Bomber.

Ohka，也被稱為“人體炸彈”，由一架 1 型陸地攻擊機攜帶，並在發現敵艦時釋放。然後它依次點燃尾部安裝的三個火箭助推器，在撞擊前加速到每小時 600 多公里。在沒有戰鬥機護航的情況下，它常常面臨著與一型轟炸機一起被敵機擊落的風險。

The museum will feature a life-sized model of the Ohka, along with the actual cockpit glass and launch tubes. Testimony videos from former crew members and personal belongings, including letters, will reveal the tragic nature of their suicide missions.

博物館將展示 Ohka 的真人大小模型，以及實際的駕駛艙玻璃和發射管。前機組人員的證詞影片和包括信件在內的個人物品將揭示他們自殺任務的悲劇性。

In addition to the Ohka, the permanent museum will also feature life-sized models of the Zero Fighter Model 21 (Zero), and Japan's first-ever display of the Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber. It aims to tackle the important challenge of preserving memories from the era. With the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II approaching, this new museum is worthy of attention.

除了 Ohka 之外，常設博物館還將展出真人大小的零式戰鬥機 21 型（零）模型，以及日本首次展示的 97 型艦載攻擊轟炸機。它旨在應對保存那個時代記憶的重要挑戰。隨著二戰結束80週年的臨近，這座新博物館值得關注。

Theater of History

歷史劇場

Usa City, situated in north Oita Prefecture at the base of the Kunisaki Peninsula, boasts serene rural landscapes. On October 1, 1939, the Usa Flying Corps was established. It served as a training air corps for pilots of carrier-based attack and bomber aircraft.

宇佐市位於大分縣北部的國東半島底部，擁有寧靜的鄉村景觀。 1939年10月1日，美國飛行隊成立。它是艦載攻擊機和轟炸機飛行員的訓練航空隊。

The Usa base also provided the backdrop for numerous historical events. For example, Major Kakuichi Takahashi was an instructor at the base during the attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 8, 1941. He commanded the flight squadron of the aircraft carrier Shōkaku and is remembered for dropping the first bomb.

美國基地也為許多歷史事件提供了背景。例如，1941 年 12 月 8 日夏威夷珍珠港襲擊期間，高橋角一少校擔任該基地的教官。

In the war's final stages, Usa was a base for the Kamikaze Special Attack Units, in which 154 aviators lost their lives on suicide missions. Mounted on the Type 1 Land Attack-based Aircraft, the Ohka also launched from Usa.

在戰爭的最後階段，美國是神風特攻隊特種攻擊部隊的基地，其中 154 名飛行員在自殺任務中喪生。 Ohka 也安裝在 1 型陸地攻擊機上，從美國發射。

As a result, it has served as the setting for several novels. These include Hiroyuki Agawa's Burial in the Clouds and Saburō Shiroyama's Shikikantachi no Tokko [The Commanders' Special Attacks].

因此，它成為了多部小說的背景。其中包括阿川博之的《雲葬》和城山三郎的《四季堪太之特攻》。

Hardened Shelters and Bomb Ponds

加固的避難所和炸彈池

Originally, the city had planned to open the Peace Museum (tentative name) in 2020 and began preparations accordingly. However, a bidding process in 2018 fell through, reportedly due to soaring construction costs driven by the Tokyo Olympics. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused further delays.

原本，該市計劃於2020年開館和平博物館（暫名），並開始相關籌備工作。然而，據報道，由於東京奧運推動的建築成本飆升，2018年的申辦過程失敗了。 COVID-19 大流行的爆發造成了進一步的延誤。

By scaling down the building size to two floors, approximately 3,370 square meters, Usa officials have managed to streamline the budget. Construction is now set to begin in 2025. Even with the reduction, the total cost is projected to be around ¥800 million JPY (approximately $5.3 million USD).

透過將建築面積縮小至兩層樓（約 3,370 平方米），美國官員成功地精簡了預算。目前預計 2025 年動工。

This site is the WWII-related historical site to be designated as a cultural property, following the Okinawa Army Hospital Haebaru Bunker No. 20. Remarkably, it received its designation before Hiroshima's Atomic Bomb Dome.

該遺址是繼沖繩陸軍醫院南風原地堡第20號之後被指定為文化財產的二戰相關史蹟。

Other notable sites include a parachute maintenance facility marked by bullet holes. There is also the Bomb Pond, formed by a crater left by a B-29 bomb. Additionally, remnants of an 80-meter-wide, 1,800-meter-long runway can be found. More than ten such locations are scattered around the Usa base area.

其他值得注意的地點包括一個帶有彈孔的降落傘維護設施。還有炸彈池，由 B-29 炸彈留下的彈坑形成。此外，還發現了一條寬80公尺、長1800公尺的跑道遺跡。美國基地周圍分佈著十多個這樣的地點。

After the war, the concrete from the runway was removed, and the former airfield was converted into rice paddies and residential areas. Of the approximately 100 bomb craters, only the Bomb Pond remains, as the others were filled in.

戰後，跑道上的混凝土被拆除，以前的機場被改造成稻田和住宅區。大約 100 個彈坑中，只剩下炸彈池，其他都已填平。

Footage of Yamato Under Attack

大和受到攻擊的鏡頭

A local historical research group unearthed the footage the museum is set to showcase. These historians spent over a decade uncovering the footage from the United States National Archives records. The collection includes gun camera footage from US military aircraft documenting air raids over Japan. In addition, the footage features dramatic scenes of the battleship Yamato under attack, which is sure to draw significant interest.

當地的歷史研究小組發掘了博物館將要展示的鏡頭。這些歷史學家花了十多年的時間從美國國家檔案館的記錄中發現了這些鏡頭。該收藏包括美國軍用飛機的機槍攝影機鏡頭，記錄了對日本的空襲。此外，該片段還展示了戰艦大和號遭受攻擊的戲劇性場景，這肯定會引起人們的極大興趣。

Due to delays in opening the museum, Usa City has been displaying items from its collection at a temporary facility. Known as the Peace Museum, the city has exhibited 4,000 pieces here since 2013.

由於博物館開放延遲，美國城一直在臨時設施中展示其藏品。該市被稱為和平博物館，自 2013 年以來已在這裡展出了 4,000 件藏品。

A life-size

真人大小