特朗普准备开始对半导体进口的国家安全调查

唐纳德·特朗普总统已承诺对半导体进口进行国家安全调查。该调查是根据《贸易扩展法》第232条进行的

President Donald Trump announced on Sunday that the U.S. will be launching a national security investigation into semiconductor imports.

唐纳德·特朗普总统周日宣布，美国将对半导体进口进行国家安全调查。

The probe, which is being conducted under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, will examine whether the country’s heavy dependence on foreign chips threatens its national security.

根据《贸易扩张法》第232条进行的调查将检查该国对外国芯片的严重依赖是否威胁到其国家安全。

If the findings are affirmative, the U.S. could impose tariffs on semiconductors and related technologies.

如果发现是肯定的，那么美国可以对半导体和相关技术征收关税。

Most of America’s chips are made in East Asia, specifically Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, and China. Trump’s team argues that this reliance is dangerous, particularly amid escalating global tensions.

美国大部分筹码都是在东亚，特别是台湾，韩国，日本，马来西亚和中国制造的。特朗普的团队认为，这种依赖是危险的，尤其是在全球紧张局势升级的情况下。

The tariffs in question would be applied at a proposed rate of 25% and gradually increased over time. The goal is to encourage companies to manufacture chips in the U.S., where Trump claims they will be safe and under control.

相关的关税将以拟议的25％的速度应用，并且随着时间的推移逐渐增加。目的是鼓励公司在美国制造筹码，特朗普声称他们将是安全和控制的。

Last Friday, the U.S. government announced a surprising move: a temporary exemption for consumer electronics, smartphones, laptops, and tablets from the latest round of steep mutual tariffs on Chinese imports.

上周五，美国政府宣布了一个令人惊讶的举动：对消费电子产品，智能手机，笔记本电脑和平板电脑的临时豁免，对中国进口的最新一轮相互关税。

This announcement brought immediate relief to tech giants like Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL), Dell (NYSE:DVMT), and HP (NYSE:HPQ), all of which rely heavily on manufacturing operations in China. For instance, Apple has the majority of its iPhones assembled in factories in China by contractors like Foxconn.

这一公告使苹果（NASDAQ：AAPL），戴尔（NYSE：DVMT）和HP（NYSE：HPQ）等科技巨头立即缓解了这一消息，所有这些巨头都在很大程度上依赖于中国的制造业务。例如，苹果公司的大部分iPhone由富士康等承包商在中国的工厂组装。

However, President Donald Trump signaled over the weekend that this reprieve is short-lived. In a post on his social media platform on Thursday, Trump stated that they are considering a wide variety of options on Semiconductors and the WHOLE ELECTRONICS SUPPLY CHAIN for future National Security Tariff Investigations.

但是，唐纳德·特朗普总统在周末发出信号，表示这是短暂的。在周四的社交媒体平台上的一篇文章中，特朗普表示，他们正在考虑半导体和整个电子供应链的各种选择，以进行未来的国家安全关税调查。

If the reports are true, the administration plans to introduce separate tariffs specifically targeting electronics and semiconductors, with an aim to roll them out in the next one to two months, according to Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick.

据商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克（Howard Lutnick）表示，如果报告是正确的，则政府计划将专门针对电子产品和半导体的单独关税引入，目的是在接下来的一到两个月中将其推出。

Lutnick also clarified in an interview on Sunday that the consumer electronics were previously covered by the reciprocal tariffs but are now included in the new semiconductor and electronics tariff package.

卢特尼克（Lutnick）在周日的一次采访中还澄清说，消费电子设备以前已受到互惠关税的涵盖，但现在已包含在新的半导体和电子产品关税套件中。

These new tariffs will be applied to high-tech goods deemed critical for national security, encompassing smartphones, computers, medical devices, advanced telecom gear, and pharmaceutical components.

这些新的关税将适用于认为对国家安全至关重要的高科技商品，包括智能手机，计算机，医疗设备，高级电信设备和药品组件。

Lutnick further highlighted the administration’s objective to diminish reliance on supply chains in China and incentivize increased production within the United States.

卢特尼克（Lutnick）进一步强调了政府的目标，以减少对中国供应链的依赖，并激励美国内部的产量增加。

Those critical of the administration’s actions maintain that this move may lead to higher prices on consumer electronics and exacerbate the strain on already taxed supply chains.

那些批评政府的行动的人认为，这一举动可能会导致消费电子产品的价格更高，并加剧已经征税的供应链的压力。

But Trump officials counter that the broader, longer-term benefits of economic security and job creation will outweigh the immediate inconveniences.

但是特朗普官员反驳说，经济安全和创造就业的更广泛，更长期的利益将超过立即带来的不便。

“We did it before in steel and we’re going to do it again in electronics,” Lutnick said.

卢特尼克说：“我们以前在钢铁上做到了这一点，我们将在电子产品中再次做到这一点。”

Economists and investors have warned that continuing to raise tariffs would damage the U.S. economy.

经济学家和投资者警告说，继续提高关税将损害美国经济。

Billionaire investor Bill Ackman, a political backer of Trump, said the administration’s policy was too aggressive and urged Trump to delay the China tariffs for 90 days and pursue a more limited 10% rate instead.

特朗普的政治支持者亿万富翁投资者比尔·阿克曼（Bill Ackman）表示，政府的政策过于侵略性，并敦促特朗普推迟中国的关税90天，而改为有限的10％。

Ackman said this scaled-back approach would still motivate companies to reduce their reliance on China - without causing widespread market panic.

阿克曼（Ackman）表示，这种扩大后卫的方法仍然会激发公司减少对中国的依赖 - 而不会引起广泛的市场恐慌。

Market analysts have also raised alarms over potential price increases for consumer electronics like iPhones and laptops. Sven Henrich of NorthmanTrader warned that the costs of new tariffs would ultimately fall on American consumers. He also slammed the administration’s erratic messaging, saying the shifting policies make it impossible for businesses to plan effectively.

市场分析师还向消费电子产品（如iPhone和笔记本电脑）的潜在价格上涨提高了警报。 Northmantrader的Sven Henrich警告说，新关税的成本最终将落在美国消费者身上。他还抨击了政府不稳定的消息传递，称转变政策使企业不可能有效计划。

Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren slammed Trump’s tariff strategy, saying it isn’t “a coherent tariff policy — it is chaos.”

民主党参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦（Elizabeth Warren）抨击了特朗普的关税策略，称这不是“一项连贯的关税政策，而是混乱”。

China increased its tariffs on U.S. goods to 125% on Sunday in a retaliatory move, its Ministry of Commerce said as it studied U.S. exclusions and threatened further action.

在报复性举动中，中国将其对美国商品的关税提高到了125％，其商务部在研究了美国排除方面并威胁到进一步的行动。

“The bell on a tiger’s neck can only be untied by the one who tied it,” China said in a statement.

中国在一份声明中说：“老虎脖子上的铃铛只能被绑住的铃铛束缚。”

It was not immediately clear what the implication was.

目前尚不清楚这是什么含义。

The world’s second-biggest economy also said it would continue to closely follow the development of the situation and take further necessary measures.

全球第二大经济体还表示，它将继续遵循局势的发展，并采取进一步的必要措施。

Earlier this month, China said it would impose additional tariffs of 60-250% on a U.S. product list that included frozen pork, crab, and vegetables, in response to the latest round of U.S. tariffs on $75 billion in Chinese goods.

本月初，中国表示，将在包括冷冻猪肉，螃蟹和蔬菜在内的美国产品清单上征收60-250％的额外关税，以应对最新一轮的美国关税，以750亿美元的中国商品。

Those tariffs were due to take effect on Sept. 1 but were later postponed.

这些关税将于9月1日生效，但后来被推迟。

The two economic giants have been locked in a protracted trade war since the spring of 2018, when the Trump administration began imposing tariffs on Chinese goods as part of an effort to reduce the U.S. trade deficit with China and open the Chinese market to U.S. goods, services, and investment.

自2018年春季以来，这两个经济巨头一直陷入旷日持久的贸易战争中，当时特朗普政府开始对中国商品征收关税，这是减少中国贸易赤字的一部分，并向中国市场开放美国商品，服务和投资。

Despite 16 months of tumultuous negotiations, the two sides have yet to reach a comprehensive trade agreement.

尽管进行了16个月的动荡谈判，但双方尚未达成全面的贸易协定。

Last week, the administration announced

上周，政府宣布