BEVS和ICE车辆之间的寿命差距快速关闭

伦敦经济学院，伯明翰大学，加利福尼亚大学和伯尔尼大学的一支国际研究人员撰写了在自然中发表的新研究。

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity due to their lower emissions and operating costs compared to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). However, concerns remain regarding their lifespan and environmental impact. Here's a closer look at these aspects:

与内燃机车辆（ICEV）相比，电动汽车（EV）由于其排放较低和运营成本而越来越受欢迎。但是，人们对它们的寿命和环境影响仍然存在。这是对这些方面的仔细研究：

EV Battery Performance and Lifespan

电动电动电池性能和寿命

The rapid growth of EVs is driving the global demand for EV batteries, which is surging. This has led to a transformative shift in the EV battery industry with advancements seen in battery formats, chemistries, and structural designs.

电动汽车的迅速增长正在推动全球对电动汽车电池的需求，这正在激增。这导致电动电池电池行业发生了变革的转变，并以电池格式，化学和结构设计看到了进步。

However, while battery prices have plummeted about 90% over the past 15 years, batteries still account for almost a third of the price of a new EV. So, it is important that battery capacity increase so that EV owners can keep using the same cars. Several studies suggest that batteries are, in fact, lasting longer than we may have thought them to be previously.

但是，尽管电池价在过去15年中暴跌了约90％，但电池仍然占新电动汽车价格的三分之一。因此，重要的是要增加电池容量，以便电动汽车所有者可以继续使用相同的汽车。几项研究表明，实际上，电池的持续时间比我们以前认为的要长。

As we shared in an article late last year, a study from battery diagnostics company AVILO found most batteries to retain more than 80% of their original capacity and be usable far beyond the usual warranty period.

正如我们在去年年底在一篇文章中分享的那样，电池诊断公司阿维洛（Avilo）的一项研究发现，大多数电池可保留其原始容量的80％以上，并且可在通常的保修期内使用。

Geotab, a fleet management services provider, also analyzed data collected from 10,000 EVs before 2019 and reported that EV batteries only experienced an average decline of just 1.8% per year, lower than what was previously reported. The company's report from last year also showed that 75% of light commercial vehicles can be replaced by comparable EVs, which can save $15,900 per vehicle over its lifespan.

车队管理服务提供商Geotab还分析了从2019年之前的10,000辆电动汽车收集的数据，并报告说，电动汽车电池的平均每年仅平均下降仅1.8％，低于先前报道的。该公司去年的报告还表明，75％的轻型商业车辆可以用可比的电动汽车代替，这可以在其寿命中节省每辆车15,900美元。

Age, extreme heat or cold temperatures, operating state of charge, frequent fast charging, and charge-discharge cycles were reported to be common factors impacting battery lifespan. So, by following best practices for charging and use, EVs can last well beyond the vehicle's useful life.

据报道，年龄，极高的热量或寒冷的温度，充电状态，频繁的快速充电和充电量周期是影响电池寿命的常见因素。因此，通过遵循充电和使用的最佳实践，电动汽车可以远远超出车辆的使用寿命。

A recent research by scientists working in the SLAC-Stanford Battery Center, meanwhile, stated that subjecting the EV batteries to normal real-world use can help them last about a third longer than researchers forecast.

同时，在SLAC-Stanford电池中心工作的科学家最近的一项研究表明，将EV电池经过正常现实世界的使用可以帮助他们持续约三分之一的时间比研究人员的预测更长。

So, activities like short city trips, long highway trips, heavy traffic, and mostly being parked are far more beneficial for batteries than the steady simulated use new designs get tested for in laboratories. According to senior study author Simona Onori, who's an associate professor of energy science and engineering at the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability:

因此，与稳定的模拟使用新设计相比，诸如短暂的城市旅行，长途旅行，交通繁忙以及大部分停放的活动都对电池有利得多。根据高级研究作者Simona Onori的说法，斯坦福Doerr可持续发展学院能源科学与工程副教授：

“We've not been testing EV batteries the right way. To our surprise, real driving with frequent acceleration, braking that charges the batteries a bit, stopping to pop into a store, and letting the batteries rest for hours at a time helps batteries last longer than we had thought based on industry-standard lab tests.”

“我们没有以正确的方式测试电动汽车电池。令我们惊讶的是，频繁加速的真正驾驶，制动稍微充电，稍微充电，停止进入商店，并让电池一次休息几个小时，帮助电池持续时间比我们基于行业标准的实验室测试所想象的更长的时间。”

This suggests that an EV owner may not need to replace their expensive battery or even buy a new car for several more years.

这表明EV所有者可能不需要更换昂贵的电池，甚至不需要再购买新车了几年。

Now, new research is showing that the lifespan of EVs is already on par with that of ICE vehicles. By providing critical insights into the lifespan and environmental impact of EVs, co-author Dr. Viet Nguyen-Tien of the London School of Economics said:

现在，新的研究表明，电动汽车的寿命已经与冰车相当。通过对电动汽车的寿命和环境影响提供关键的见解，伦敦经济学院的Viet Nguyen-tien博士说：

“[The study marks] a significant step toward achieving a net-zero carbon future.”

“ [研究标志着]迈向实现净零碳未来的重要一步。”

BEVs, according to him, are no longer just a niche option but a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional gas-powered vehicles. The study also aims to help consumers make informed decisions, and regulators shape their policies and incentives.

据他说，BEV不再只是一个利基选择，而是传统汽油动力车辆的可行且可持续的替代品。该研究还旨在帮助消费者做出明智的决定，并塑造其政策和激励措施。

And while BEVs have higher initial emissions from production, Professor Robert Elliott from the University of Birmingham noted that “a long-lasting electric vehicle can quickly offset its carbon footprint, contributing to the fight against climate change.”

尽管BEV的生产最初排放量更高，但伯明翰大学的罗伯特·埃利奥特（Robert Elliott）教授指出，“持久的电动汽车可以迅速抵消其碳足迹，从而有助于抵抗气候变化的斗争。”

Click here to learn about aluminium batteries.

单击此处以了解有关铝电池的信息。

Longevity Gap between BEVs & ICE Vehicles Fast Closing

BEVS和ICE车辆之间的寿命差距快速关闭

The new study published in Nature1 was authored by an international team of researchers from the London School of Economics, the University of Birmingham, the University of California, and the University of Bern.

伦敦经济学院，伯明翰大学，加利福尼亚大学和伯尔尼大学的一支国际研究人员撰写了在自然中发表的新研究。

It analyzed more than 300 million MOT (Ministry of Transport) test records of diesel, petrol, and BEVs spanning from 2005 to 2022. Using this freely accessible data, the study found that though EVs exhibit lower reliability than ICEVs, technological advancements allow newer BEVs to accomplish comparable lifespans, even when they are used more intensively.

它分析了超过3亿MOT（运输部）的柴油，汽油和BEVS的测试记录，这些记录从2005年到2022年。使用此可自由访问的数据，该研究发现，尽管EVS的可靠性低于ICEV，但技术进步允许新的BEVS，但即使更强烈地使用它们，也可以完成可比的寿命。

Compared to 16.8 years of diesel cars and 18.7 years of petrol cars, EVs have a lifespan of around 18.4 years. These numbers remove those vehicles that got scrapped in the first few years of their production, which tend to be primarily because of road traffic accidents instead of the vehicle's mechanical failure.

相比之下，柴油车和18。7年的汽油汽车相比，电动汽车的寿命约为18。4年。这些数字消除了在生产的头几年被废弃的那些车辆，这往往主要是由于道路交通事故而不是车辆的机械故障。

While petrol vehicles' expected lifespan is about 0.3 years longer than EVs, they are found to be less sturdy than EVs, which log 124,207 miles over their expected lifespan, as opposed to petrol cars clocking about 116,000 miles in their driving life.

尽管汽油车的预期寿命比电动汽车长约0.3年，但发现它们的坚固速度不如EVS，而电动汽车的寿命比预期的寿命比预期的124,207英里，而与汽油汽车相比，其驾驶寿命约为116,000英里。

However, it's

但是，是