BEVS和ICE車輛之間的壽命差距快速關閉

倫敦經濟學院，伯明翰大學，加利福尼亞大學和伯爾尼大學的一支國際研究人員撰寫了在自然中發表的新研究。

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity due to their lower emissions and operating costs compared to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). However, concerns remain regarding their lifespan and environmental impact. Here's a closer look at these aspects:

與內燃機車輛（ICEV）相比，電動汽車（EV）由於其排放較低和運營成本而越來越受歡迎。但是，人們對它們的壽命和環境影響仍然存在。這是對這些方面的仔細研究：

EV Battery Performance and Lifespan

電動電動電池性能和壽命

The rapid growth of EVs is driving the global demand for EV batteries, which is surging. This has led to a transformative shift in the EV battery industry with advancements seen in battery formats, chemistries, and structural designs.

電動汽車的迅速增長正在推動全球對電動汽車電池的需求，這正在激增。這導致電動電池電池行業發生了變革的轉變，並以電池格式，化學和結構設計看到了進步。

However, while battery prices have plummeted about 90% over the past 15 years, batteries still account for almost a third of the price of a new EV. So, it is important that battery capacity increase so that EV owners can keep using the same cars. Several studies suggest that batteries are, in fact, lasting longer than we may have thought them to be previously.

但是，儘管電池價在過去15年中暴跌了約90％，但電池仍然佔新電動汽車價格的三分之一。因此，重要的是要增加電池容量，以便電動汽車所有者可以繼續使用相同的汽車。幾項研究表明，實際上，電池的持續時間比我們以前認為的要長。

As we shared in an article late last year, a study from battery diagnostics company AVILO found most batteries to retain more than 80% of their original capacity and be usable far beyond the usual warranty period.

正如我們在去年年底在一篇文章中分享的那樣，電池診斷公司阿維洛（Avilo）的一項研究發現，大多數電池可保留其原始容量的80％以上，並且可在通常的保修期內使用。

Geotab, a fleet management services provider, also analyzed data collected from 10,000 EVs before 2019 and reported that EV batteries only experienced an average decline of just 1.8% per year, lower than what was previously reported. The company's report from last year also showed that 75% of light commercial vehicles can be replaced by comparable EVs, which can save $15,900 per vehicle over its lifespan.

車隊管理服務提供商Geotab還分析了從2019年之前的10,000輛電動汽車收集的數據，並報告說，電動汽車電池的平均每年僅平均下降僅1.8％，低於先前報導的。該公司去年的報告還表明，75％的輕型商業車輛可以用可比的電動汽車代替，這可以在其壽命中節省每輛車15,900美元。

Age, extreme heat or cold temperatures, operating state of charge, frequent fast charging, and charge-discharge cycles were reported to be common factors impacting battery lifespan. So, by following best practices for charging and use, EVs can last well beyond the vehicle's useful life.

據報導，年齡，極高的熱量或寒冷的溫度，充電狀態，頻繁的快速充電和充電量週期是影響電池壽命的常見因素。因此，通過遵循充電和使用的最佳實踐，電動汽車可以遠遠超出車輛的使用壽命。

A recent research by scientists working in the SLAC-Stanford Battery Center, meanwhile, stated that subjecting the EV batteries to normal real-world use can help them last about a third longer than researchers forecast.

同時，在SLAC-Stanford電池中心工作的科學家最近的一項研究表明，將EV電池經過正常現實世界的使用可以幫助他們持續約三分之一的時間比研究人員的預測更長。

So, activities like short city trips, long highway trips, heavy traffic, and mostly being parked are far more beneficial for batteries than the steady simulated use new designs get tested for in laboratories. According to senior study author Simona Onori, who's an associate professor of energy science and engineering at the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability:

因此，與穩定的模擬使用新設計相比，諸如短暫的城市旅行，長途旅行，交通繁忙以及大部分停放的活動都對電池有利得多。根據高級研究作者Simona Onori的說法，斯坦福Doerr可持續發展學院能源科學與工程副教授：

“We've not been testing EV batteries the right way. To our surprise, real driving with frequent acceleration, braking that charges the batteries a bit, stopping to pop into a store, and letting the batteries rest for hours at a time helps batteries last longer than we had thought based on industry-standard lab tests.”

“我們沒有以正確的方式測試電動汽車電池。令我們驚訝的是，頻繁加速的真正駕駛，制動稍微充電，稍微充電，停止進入商店，並讓電池一次休息幾個小時，幫助電池持續時間比我們基於行業標準的實驗室測試所想像的更長的時間。”

This suggests that an EV owner may not need to replace their expensive battery or even buy a new car for several more years.

這表明EV所有者可能不需要更換昂貴的電池，甚至不需要再購買新車了幾年。

Now, new research is showing that the lifespan of EVs is already on par with that of ICE vehicles. By providing critical insights into the lifespan and environmental impact of EVs, co-author Dr. Viet Nguyen-Tien of the London School of Economics said:

現在，新的研究表明，電動汽車的壽命已經與冰車相當。通過對電動汽車的壽命和環境影響提供關鍵的見解，倫敦經濟學院的Viet Nguyen-tien博士說：

“[The study marks] a significant step toward achieving a net-zero carbon future.”

“ [研究標誌著]邁向實現淨零碳未來的重要一步。”

BEVs, according to him, are no longer just a niche option but a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional gas-powered vehicles. The study also aims to help consumers make informed decisions, and regulators shape their policies and incentives.

據他說，BEV不再只是一個利基選擇，而是傳統汽油動力車輛的可行且可持續的替代品。該研究還旨在幫助消費者做出明智的決定，並塑造其政策和激勵措施。

And while BEVs have higher initial emissions from production, Professor Robert Elliott from the University of Birmingham noted that “a long-lasting electric vehicle can quickly offset its carbon footprint, contributing to the fight against climate change.”

儘管BEV的生產最初排放量更高，但伯明翰大學的羅伯特·埃利奧特（Robert Elliott）教授指出，“持久的電動汽車可以迅速抵消其碳足跡，從而有助於抵抗氣候變化的鬥爭。”

Click here to learn about aluminium batteries.

單擊此處以了解有關鋁電池的信息。

Longevity Gap between BEVs & ICE Vehicles Fast Closing

BEVS和ICE車輛之間的壽命差距快速關閉

The new study published in Nature1 was authored by an international team of researchers from the London School of Economics, the University of Birmingham, the University of California, and the University of Bern.

倫敦經濟學院，伯明翰大學，加利福尼亞大學和伯爾尼大學的一支國際研究人員撰寫了在自然中發表的新研究。

It analyzed more than 300 million MOT (Ministry of Transport) test records of diesel, petrol, and BEVs spanning from 2005 to 2022. Using this freely accessible data, the study found that though EVs exhibit lower reliability than ICEVs, technological advancements allow newer BEVs to accomplish comparable lifespans, even when they are used more intensively.

它分析了超過3億MOT（運輸部）的柴油，汽油和BEVS的測試記錄，這些記錄從2005年到2022年。使用此可自由訪問的數據，該研究發現，儘管EVS的可靠性低於ICEV ，但技術進步允許新的BEVS，但即使更強烈地使用它們，也可以完成可比的壽命。

Compared to 16.8 years of diesel cars and 18.7 years of petrol cars, EVs have a lifespan of around 18.4 years. These numbers remove those vehicles that got scrapped in the first few years of their production, which tend to be primarily because of road traffic accidents instead of the vehicle's mechanical failure.

相比之下，柴油車和18。7年的汽油汽車相比，電動汽車的壽命約為18。4年。這些數字消除了在生產的頭幾年被廢棄的那些車輛，這往往主要是由於道路交通事故而不是車輛的機械故障。

While petrol vehicles' expected lifespan is about 0.3 years longer than EVs, they are found to be less sturdy than EVs, which log 124,207 miles over their expected lifespan, as opposed to petrol cars clocking about 116,000 miles in their driving life.

儘管汽油車的預期壽命比電動汽車長約0.3年，但發現它們的堅固速度不如EVS，而電動汽車的壽命比預期的壽命比預期的124,207英里，而與汽油汽車相比，其駕駛壽命約為116,000英里。

However, it's

但是，是