印度希望将其 UPI 支付接口扩展到更多国家

印度储备银行 (RBI) 正在寻求将印度旗舰统一支付接口 (UPI) 扩展到更多国家，以便在全球范围内使用手机进行实时银行间交易。

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is planning to expand India’s flagship Unified Payments Interface (UPI) to more countries, aiming to make real-time inter-bank transactions using mobile phones available across the globe.

印度储备银行 (RBI) 正计划将印度旗舰统一支付接口 (UPI) 扩展到更多国家，旨在让全球范围内使用手机进行实时银行间交易。

Introduced in 2016, UPI has quickly become the preferred method of retail payments in the country, accounting for 79.6% of total volumes in 2023-24, according to an RBI report.

根据印度储备银行 (RBI) 的报告，UPI 于 2016 年推出，已迅速成为该国零售支付的首选方式，占 2023-24 年总交易量的 79.6%。

“India would try to expand UPI use across the world so that any Indian with a UPI account, wherever he or she goes, should be able to make a payment using UPI,” T Rabi Sankar, Deputy Governor of RBI said at the Business Standard BFSI Insight Summit.

印度储备银行副行长 T Rabi Sankar 在 Business Standard 上表示：“印度将努力扩大 UPI 在全球范围内的使用，以便任何拥有 UPI 账户的印度人，无论他或她走到哪里，都应该能够使用 UPI 进行付款。” BFSI 洞察峰会。

“There are discussions at this stage with various large and advanced economies. I am just hoping that those things pan out and become a reality,” Sankar informed.

“现阶段正在与各个大型发达经济体进行讨论。我只是希望这些事情能够成功并成为现实。”桑卡说道。

So far, UPI has expanded to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Peru, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Singapore, France, Bhutan and Nepal.

到目前为止，UPI 已扩展到阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）、秘鲁、毛里求斯、斯里兰卡、新加坡、法国、不丹和尼泊尔。

“UPI as a payment instrument has caught the world’s attention in terms of the efficiency with which digital transactions happen and in terms of how it is catching on among our retail and business users,” Sankar pointed out.

桑卡尔指出：“UPI 作为一种支付工具，其数字交易发生的效率及其在零售和企业用户中的流行程度引起了全世界的关注。”

The UPI has seen a tenfold increase in volume over the past four years, from 12.5 billion transactions in 2019-20 to 131 billion transactions in 2023-24, or 80% of all digital payment volumes. The UPI witnessed a milestone of 16.6 billion transactions in October alone.

过去四年，UPI 的交易量增长了十倍，从 2019-20 年的 125 亿笔交易增加到 2023-24 年的 1310 亿笔交易，占所有数字支付量的 80%。仅 10 月份，UPI 就实现了 166 亿笔交易的里程碑。

“It (UPI) should be used by those sections of the population where it is currently not being used so that not only payments become better for these sections, but also our economy’s efficiency grows,” Sankar added.

桑卡尔补充道：“它（UPI）应该被目前尚未使用的人群所使用，这样不仅可以为这些人群提供更好的支付，而且可以提高我们的经济效率。”

NPCI International Payments Limited (NIPL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), recently partnered with the Ministry of Digital Transformation (MDT) of Trinidad and Tobago to develop a real-time payments platform similar to India’s UPI. This collaboration makes Trinidad and Tobago the first Caribbean nation to adopt the UPI.

印度国家支付公司（NPCI）的全资子公司NPCI国际支付有限公司（NIPL）最近与特立尼达和多巴哥数字化转型部（MDT）合作开发类似于印度的实时支付平台统一支付接口。此次合作使特立尼达和多巴哥成为第一个采用 UPI 的加勒比国家。

The partnership aims to empower Trinidad and Tobago to establish an efficient, real-time payment platform for both person-to-person (P2P) and person-to-merchant (P2M) transactions, expanding digital payments nationwide and fostering financial inclusion. The partnership also seeks to assist Trinidad and Tobago in modernizing its financial ecosystem, enhancing accessibility, affordability, and connectivity with domestic and international payment networks while ensuring interoperability.

该合作伙伴关系旨在帮助特立尼达和多巴哥建立一个高效、实时的个人对个人（P2P）和个人对商户（P2M）交易的支付平台，在全国范围内扩大数字支付并促进金融包容性。该伙伴关系还寻求协助特立尼达和多巴哥实现金融生态系统现代化，提高可及性、可负担性以及与国内和国际支付网络的连通性，同时确保互操作性。

Despite the substantial increase in UPI’s adoption, India is not witnessing a reduction of currency in circulation. However, according to Sankar, the rate of growth of notes in circulation is slower this year than in the earlier years.

尽管统一支付接口的采用率大幅增加，但印度的流通货币并未减少。然而，桑卡尔表示，今年纸币流通量的增长速度比前几年要慢。

“UPI is only a payment instrument while currency in circulation is about money—you hold money not just for making payments but for various other purposes, including as a store of value,” Sankar said.

“UPI 只是一种支付工具，而流通中的货币则与货币有关——你持有货币不仅用于支付，还用于各种其他目的，包括作为价值储存手段，”桑卡说。

Rising number of UPI frauds

UPI 欺诈数量不断增加

The absolute number of retail frauds in UPI is increasing, as is the amount involved, and according to Sankar, this should be “dealt with very seriously.”

UPI 中零售欺诈的绝对数量正在增加，涉及的金额也在增加，桑卡尔表示，这应该“非常严肃地处理”。

“In this digital age, things can happen very quickly, so you have to be very alert in terms of who you are sharing your passwords with, what digital hygiene measures everyone should adopt, which links you should click or not click, and all these measures. We have to increase awareness,” Sankar said.

“在这个数字时代，事情可能发生得非常快，所以你必须非常警惕与谁分享你的密码、每个人都应该采取哪些数字卫生措施、你应该点击或不点击哪些链接，以及所有这些措施。我们必须提高认识，”桑卡尔说。

At the same time, Sankar said discussions are ongoing regarding an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven database to help identify these frauds even before they can happen.

与此同时，桑卡尔表示，有关人工智能 (AI) 驱动的数据库的讨论正在进行中，以帮助在这些欺诈行为发生之前识别它们。

“If we can have a database large enough where past trends or incidences of these frauds can be studied, preferably by an AI system, which will be able to identify or rank the risk of fraudulent transactions… so it is possible to leverage digital technology, and the new emerging ones like AI, to be able to reduce all these things. And finally, we have to make sure that after these frauds happen, how quickly can we recover. So there are various ways of doing that, and many of those things are under discussion internally,” he added.

“如果我们能够拥有一个足够大的数据库，可以研究这些欺诈的过去趋势或发生率，最好是通过人工智能系统来研究，该系统将能够识别或排名欺诈交易的风险……因此可以利用数字技术，以及像人工智能这样的新兴技术，能够减少所有这些事情。最后，我们必须确保在这些欺诈行为发生后，我们能够多快恢复。因此，有多种方法可以做到这一点，其中许多事情正在内部讨论，”他补充道。

Data from RBI’s annual report show that digital payment fraud in India jumped to a record 14.57 billion rupees ($175 million) in the fiscal year that ended in March 2024 (FY2023-24). Card or internet-based frauds accounted for about 80% of total bank and financial institution frauds in FY2023-24, compared to about 49% in the previous year (FY2022-23). However, frauds reported in a year could have occurred several years prior to the year of reporting.

印度储备银行年度报告的数据显示，在截至 2024 年 3 月的财年（2023-24 财年）中，印度的数字支付欺诈金额跃升至创纪录的 145.7 亿卢比（1.75 亿美元）。 2023-24 财年，基于卡或互联网的欺诈约占银行和金融机构欺诈总数的 80%，而上一年（2022-23 财年）这一比例约为 49%。然而，一年内报告的欺诈行为可能发生在报告年份之前的几年。

UPI begins awareness campaigns

UPI 开始宣传活动

To raise awareness of the safe use of digital payment services and prevent scams

提高人们对安全使用数字支付服务的认识并防止诈骗