印度希望將其 UPI 支付介面擴展到更多國家

印度儲備銀行 (RBI) 正在尋求將印度旗艦統一支付介面 (UPI) 擴展到更多國家，以便在全球範圍內使用手機進行即時銀行間交易。

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is planning to expand India’s flagship Unified Payments Interface (UPI) to more countries, aiming to make real-time inter-bank transactions using mobile phones available across the globe.

印度儲備銀行 (RBI) 正計劃將印度旗艦統一支付介面 (UPI) 擴展到更多國家，旨在讓全球範圍內使用手機進行即時銀行間交易。

Introduced in 2016, UPI has quickly become the preferred method of retail payments in the country, accounting for 79.6% of total volumes in 2023-24, according to an RBI report.

根據印度儲備銀行 (RBI) 的報告，UPI 於 2016 年推出，已迅速成為該國零售支付的首選方式，佔 2023-24 年總交易量的 79.6%。

“India would try to expand UPI use across the world so that any Indian with a UPI account, wherever he or she goes, should be able to make a payment using UPI,” T Rabi Sankar, Deputy Governor of RBI said at the Business Standard BFSI Insight Summit.

印度儲備銀行副行長T Rabi Sankar 在Business Standard 上表示：「印度將努力擴大UPI 在全球範圍內的使用，以便任何擁有UPI 帳戶的印度人，無論他或她走到哪裡，都應該能夠使用UPI進行付款。

“There are discussions at this stage with various large and advanced economies. I am just hoping that those things pan out and become a reality,” Sankar informed.

「現階段正在與各個大型已開發經濟體進行討論。我只是希望這些事情能夠成功並成為現實。

So far, UPI has expanded to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Peru, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Singapore, France, Bhutan and Nepal.

到目前為止，UPI 已擴展到阿拉伯聯合大公國（阿聯酋）、秘魯、毛里求斯、斯里蘭卡、新加坡、法國、不丹和尼泊爾。

“UPI as a payment instrument has caught the world’s attention in terms of the efficiency with which digital transactions happen and in terms of how it is catching on among our retail and business users,” Sankar pointed out.

桑卡爾指出：“UPI 作為一種支付工具，其數位交易發生的效率及其在零售和企業用戶中的流行程度引起了全世界的關注。”

The UPI has seen a tenfold increase in volume over the past four years, from 12.5 billion transactions in 2019-20 to 131 billion transactions in 2023-24, or 80% of all digital payment volumes. The UPI witnessed a milestone of 16.6 billion transactions in October alone.

過去四年，UPI 的交易量成長了十倍，從 2019-20 年的 125 億筆交易增加到 2023-24 年的 1,310 億筆交易，佔所有數位支付量的 80%。僅在 10 月份，UPI 就實現了 166 億筆交易的里程碑。

“It (UPI) should be used by those sections of the population where it is currently not being used so that not only payments become better for these sections, but also our economy’s efficiency grows,” Sankar added.

桑卡爾補充說：“它（UPI）應該被目前尚未使用的人群所使用，這樣不僅可以為這些人群提供更好的支付，而且可以提高我們的經濟效率。”

NPCI International Payments Limited (NIPL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), recently partnered with the Ministry of Digital Transformation (MDT) of Trinidad and Tobago to develop a real-time payments platform similar to India’s UPI. This collaboration makes Trinidad and Tobago the first Caribbean nation to adopt the UPI.

印度國家支付公司（NPCI）的全資子公司NPCI國際支付有限公司（NIPL）最近與特立尼達和多巴哥數位轉型部（MDT）合作開發類似於印度的即時支付平台統一支付介面。此次合作使特立尼達和多巴哥成為第一個採用 UPI 的加勒比海國家。

The partnership aims to empower Trinidad and Tobago to establish an efficient, real-time payment platform for both person-to-person (P2P) and person-to-merchant (P2M) transactions, expanding digital payments nationwide and fostering financial inclusion. The partnership also seeks to assist Trinidad and Tobago in modernizing its financial ecosystem, enhancing accessibility, affordability, and connectivity with domestic and international payment networks while ensuring interoperability.

該合作夥伴關係旨在幫助特立尼達和多巴哥建立一個高效、即時的個人對個人（P2P）和個人對商家（P2M）交易的支付平台，在全國範圍內擴大數位支付並促進金融包容性。該夥伴關係還尋求協助特立尼達和多巴哥實現金融生態系統現代化，提高可及性、可負擔性以及與國內和國際支付網絡的連通性，同時確保互通性。

Despite the substantial increase in UPI’s adoption, India is not witnessing a reduction of currency in circulation. However, according to Sankar, the rate of growth of notes in circulation is slower this year than in the earlier years.

儘管統一支付介面的採用率大幅增加，但印度的流通貨幣並未減少。然而，桑卡爾表示，今年紙幣流通的成長速度比前幾年慢。

“UPI is only a payment instrument while currency in circulation is about money—you hold money not just for making payments but for various other purposes, including as a store of value,” Sankar said.

「UPI 只是一種支付工具，而流通中的貨幣則與貨幣有關——你持有貨幣不僅用於支付，還用於各種其他目的，包括作為價值儲存手段，」桑卡說。

Rising number of UPI frauds

UPI 詐騙數量不斷增加

The absolute number of retail frauds in UPI is increasing, as is the amount involved, and according to Sankar, this should be “dealt with very seriously.”

UPI 中零售詐欺的絕對數量正在增加，涉及的金額也在增加，桑卡爾表示，這應該「非常嚴肅地處理」。

“In this digital age, things can happen very quickly, so you have to be very alert in terms of who you are sharing your passwords with, what digital hygiene measures everyone should adopt, which links you should click or not click, and all these measures. We have to increase awareness,” Sankar said.

「在這個數位時代，事情可能發生得非常快，所以你必須非常警惕與誰分享你的密碼、每個人都應該採取哪些數位衛生措施、你應該點擊或不點擊哪些鏈接，以及所有這些措施。我們必須提高認識，」桑卡爾說。

At the same time, Sankar said discussions are ongoing regarding an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven database to help identify these frauds even before they can happen.

同時，桑卡爾表示，有關人工智慧 (AI) 驅動的資料庫的討論正在進行中，以幫助在這些詐欺行為發生之前識別它們。

“If we can have a database large enough where past trends or incidences of these frauds can be studied, preferably by an AI system, which will be able to identify or rank the risk of fraudulent transactions… so it is possible to leverage digital technology, and the new emerging ones like AI, to be able to reduce all these things. And finally, we have to make sure that after these frauds happen, how quickly can we recover. So there are various ways of doing that, and many of those things are under discussion internally,” he added.

「如果我們能夠擁有一個足夠大的資料庫，可以研究這些詐欺的過去趨勢或發生率，最好是透過人工智慧系統來研究，該系統將能夠識別或排名詐騙交易的風險…因此可以利用數位技術，以及像人工智慧這樣的新興技術，能夠減少所有這些事情。最後，我們必須確保在這些詐欺行為發生後，我們能夠多快恢復。因此，有多種方法可以做到這一點，其中許多事情正在內部討論，」他補充道。

Data from RBI’s annual report show that digital payment fraud in India jumped to a record 14.57 billion rupees ($175 million) in the fiscal year that ended in March 2024 (FY2023-24). Card or internet-based frauds accounted for about 80% of total bank and financial institution frauds in FY2023-24, compared to about 49% in the previous year (FY2022-23). However, frauds reported in a year could have occurred several years prior to the year of reporting.

印度儲備銀行年度報告的數據顯示，在截至 2024 年 3 月的財年（2023-24 財年）中，印度的數位支付詐欺金額躍升至創紀錄的 145.7 億盧比（1.75 億美元）。 2023-24 財年，基於卡片或網路的詐欺約佔銀行和金融機構詐欺總數的 80%，而前一年（2022-23 財年）這一比例約為 49%。然而，一年內報告的詐欺行為可能發生在報告年份之前的幾年。

UPI begins awareness campaigns

UPI 開始宣傳活動

To raise awareness of the safe use of digital payment services and prevent scams

提高人們對安全使用數位支付服務的認識並防止詐騙