斯威士兰 CBDC 专注于离线功能、互操作性和跨境传输

非洲最小的国家之一斯威士兰发表了一篇论文，概述了其即将推出的零售中央银行数字货币（CBDC）的设计原则。

The Central Bank of Eswatini has published a paper detailing the design principles of its upcoming retail central bank digital currency (CBDC), to be known as the digital lilangeni.

斯威士兰中央银行发表了一篇论文，详细介绍了即将推出的零售中央银行数字货币（CBDC）的设计原则，该货币被称为数字 lilangeni。

The paper, co-published with German technology firm Giesecke+Devrient (G+D), outlines the bank's key motivations for exploring a CBDC, including providing secure access to central bank money, fostering payments digitalization, boosting financial inclusion and opening up new opportunities.

该论文与德国科技公司 Giesecke+Devrient (G+D) 共同发表，概述了该银行探索 CBDC 的主要动机，包括提供安全获取央行资金的渠道、促进支付数字化、促进金融包容性和开辟新机遇。

The bank has been exploring a CBDC for several years now, in partnership with G+D. Following a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) and two pilot projects, the bank has experimented with various design and implementation tweaks, arriving at a version it believes will best serve the 1.2 million Swazi.

该银行多年来一直与捷德合作探索 CBDC。在成功进行概念验证 (PoC) 和两个试点项目之后，该银行尝试了各种设计和实施调整，最终得出了一个它认为最能服务于 120 万斯威士兰的版本。

One of the central bank's core targets with the digital lilangeni is accessibility, which has prompted it to embed offline payments into the CBDC. However, this will only be available to residents who use hardware wallets that aren't hosted by financial institutions. Hosted wallets, which will come with value-added services from the banks and payment providers, are only accessible online.

央行数字 Lilangeni 的核心目标之一是可访问性，这促使其将线下支付嵌入 CBDC。但是，这仅适用于使用非金融机构托管的硬件钱包的居民。托管钱包将附带银行和支付提供商的增值服务，只能在线访问。

To further boost accessibility, the bank intends to make the functional design simple and suited to all Swazi.

为了进一步提高可及性，该银行打算使功能设计变得简单并适合所有斯威士兰人。

“From a consumer perspective, the usage of Digital Lilangeni needs to be as easy and intuitive as possible. Consumers should be able to make a payment in fewer and simple steps familiar to them and with no need for advanced digital literacy,” it said in the paper.

“从消费者的角度来看，Digital Lilangeni 的使用需要尽可能简单和直观。消费者应该能够通过他们熟悉的更少、更简单的步骤进行支付，而不需要先进的数字素养，”该报在论文中表示。

Most other aspects of the digital lilangeni conform to global CBDC norms, the paper reveals. These include pseudo-anonymity that balances privacy and compliance, allowing the exemption of Know Your Customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) for smaller transactions. It also involves no interest payments and a holding cap (not yet set) to prevent commercial bank disintermediation.

该论文透露，数字 lilangeni 的大多数其他方面都符合全球 CBDC 规范。其中包括平衡隐私和合规性的伪匿名，允许小额交易免除“了解你的客户”(KYC) 和反洗钱 (AML) 规定。它还不涉及利息支付和控股上限（尚未设定）以防止商业银行脱媒。

Like most of its peers, the Eswatini central bank selected a distributed and permissioned database, where it retains control, over distributed ledger technology like blockchain.

与大多数同行一样，斯威士兰中央银行选择了一个分布式且经过许可的数据库，并保留对区块链等分布式账本技术的控制权。

Despite the elaborate design recommendations, the bank clarified that it has not yet decided to issue a CBDC. This has been a popular caveat that central banks append to CBDC research to indicate that while the technology side has advanced, a digital currency also requires legislators to lay the foundation before central banks can proceed.

尽管提出了详尽的设计建议，但该银行澄清称，尚未决定发行 CBDC。这是央行在 CBDC 研究中附加的一个流行警告，表明尽管技术方面已经取得进步，但数字货币还需要立法者在央行继续推进之前奠定基础。

In the United States, Jerome Powell said earlier this year that the U.S. Fed is “nowhere near recommending, let alone adopting” a digital dollar despite its continued research and PoCs. The Bank of England (BoE) reiterated this message, telling legislators that “no final decision has been made” on a digital pound.

在美国，杰罗姆·鲍威尔今年早些时候表示，尽管美联储仍在继续进行研究和概念验证，但它“远未推荐，更不用说采用”数字美元了。英国央行（BoE）重申了这一信息，并告诉立法者，关于数字英镑“尚未做出最终决定”。