史瓦濟蘭 CBDC 專注於離線功能、互通性和跨境傳輸

非洲最小的國家之一史瓦濟蘭發表了一篇論文，概述了其即將推出的零售中央銀行數位貨幣（CBDC）的設計原則。

The Central Bank of Eswatini has published a paper detailing the design principles of its upcoming retail central bank digital currency (CBDC), to be known as the digital lilangeni.

史瓦濟蘭中央銀行發表了一篇論文，詳細介紹了即將推出的零售中央銀行數位貨幣（CBDC）的設計原則，該貨幣被稱為數位 lilangeni。

The paper, co-published with German technology firm Giesecke+Devrient (G+D), outlines the bank's key motivations for exploring a CBDC, including providing secure access to central bank money, fostering payments digitalization, boosting financial inclusion and opening up new opportunities.

該論文與德國科技公司 Giesecke+Devrient (G+D) 共同發表，概述了該銀行探索 CBDC 的主要動機，包括提供安全獲取央行資金的管道、促進支付數位化、促進金融包容性和開闢新機會。

The bank has been exploring a CBDC for several years now, in partnership with G+D. Following a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) and two pilot projects, the bank has experimented with various design and implementation tweaks, arriving at a version it believes will best serve the 1.2 million Swazi.

該銀行多年來一直與捷德合作探索 CBDC。在成功進行概念驗證 (PoC) 和兩個試點計畫之後，該銀行嘗試了各種設計和實施調整，最終得出了一個它認為最能服務 120 萬史瓦濟蘭的版本。

One of the central bank's core targets with the digital lilangeni is accessibility, which has prompted it to embed offline payments into the CBDC. However, this will only be available to residents who use hardware wallets that aren't hosted by financial institutions. Hosted wallets, which will come with value-added services from the banks and payment providers, are only accessible online.

央行數位 Lilangeni 的核心目標之一是可訪問性，這促使其將線下支付嵌入 CBDC。但是，這僅適用於使用非金融機構託管的硬體錢包的居民。託管錢包將附帶銀行和支付提供者的增值服務，只能在線上存取。

To further boost accessibility, the bank intends to make the functional design simple and suited to all Swazi.

為了進一步提高可及性，該銀行打算使功能設計變得簡單並適合所有史瓦濟蘭人。

“From a consumer perspective, the usage of Digital Lilangeni needs to be as easy and intuitive as possible. Consumers should be able to make a payment in fewer and simple steps familiar to them and with no need for advanced digital literacy,” it said in the paper.

「從消費者的角度來看，Digital Lilangeni 的使用需要盡可能簡單和直覺。消費者應該能夠透過他們熟悉的更少、更簡單的步驟進行支付，而不需要先進的數位素養，」該報在論文中表示。

Most other aspects of the digital lilangeni conform to global CBDC norms, the paper reveals. These include pseudo-anonymity that balances privacy and compliance, allowing the exemption of Know Your Customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) for smaller transactions. It also involves no interest payments and a holding cap (not yet set) to prevent commercial bank disintermediation.

該論文透露，數位 lilangeni 的大多數其他方面都符合全球 CBDC 規範。其中包括平衡隱私和合規性的偽匿名，允許小額交易免除「了解你的客戶」(KYC) 和反洗錢 (AML) 規定。它也不涉及利息支付和控股上限（尚未設定）以防止商業銀行脫媒。

Like most of its peers, the Eswatini central bank selected a distributed and permissioned database, where it retains control, over distributed ledger technology like blockchain.

與大多數同行一樣，史瓦濟蘭中央銀行選擇了一個分散且經過許可的資料庫，並保留對區塊鏈等分散式帳本技術的控制權。

Despite the elaborate design recommendations, the bank clarified that it has not yet decided to issue a CBDC. This has been a popular caveat that central banks append to CBDC research to indicate that while the technology side has advanced, a digital currency also requires legislators to lay the foundation before central banks can proceed.

儘管提出了詳盡的設計建議，但該銀行澄清稱，尚未決定發行 CBDC。這是央行在 CBDC 研究中附加的一個流行警告，表明儘管技術方面已經取得進步，但數位貨幣也需要立法者在央行繼續推進之前奠定基礎。

In the United States, Jerome Powell said earlier this year that the U.S. Fed is “nowhere near recommending, let alone adopting” a digital dollar despite its continued research and PoCs. The Bank of England (BoE) reiterated this message, telling legislators that “no final decision has been made” on a digital pound.

在美國，傑羅姆鮑威爾今年稍早表示，儘管聯準會仍在繼續進行研究和概念驗證，但它「遠未推薦，更不用說採用」數位美元了。英國央行（BoE）重申了這一信息，並告訴立法者，關於數字英鎊「尚未做出最終決定」。