考古学家在德国挖掘出 1,500 多枚中世纪银币

斯图加特国家纪念碑保护办公室的考古学家安德烈亚斯·哈西斯-伯纳 (Andreas Haasis-Berner) 在一封电子邮件中告诉《生活科学》，这一发现“是弗莱堡地区自 1949 年以来最大的宝藏”。

Archaeologists in Germany have unearthed more than 1,500 medieval silver coins after a citizen unexpectedly noticed what looked like "small metal plates" while digging during a construction project.

德国考古学家出土了 1,500 多枚中世纪银币，此前一名公民在建筑工程中挖掘时意外发现了看起来像“小金属板”的东西。

The discovery "is the biggest treasure since 1949 in the region of Freiburg," Andreas Haasis-Berner, an archaeologist at the State Office for Monument Preservation in Stuttgart, told Live Science in an email.

斯图加特国家纪念碑保护办公室的考古学家安德烈亚斯·哈西斯-伯纳 (Andreas Haasis-Berner) 在一封电子邮件中告诉《生活科学》，这一发现“是弗莱堡地区自 1949 年以来最大的宝藏”。

The finding, which was made in May while workers laid pipe near a swimming pool in the municipality of Glottertal, bears clues to what the mining and minting trades looked like in the area 650 years ago, according to a translated statement from the Stuttgart Regional Council.

根据斯图加特地区委员会的一份翻译声明，这一发现是 5 月份工人们在格洛特塔尔市的一个游泳池附近铺设管道时发现的，为了解 650 年前该地区采矿和造币业的情况提供了线索。 。

Back in 1949, archaeologists in Freiburg (also known as Freiburg im Breisgau) found about 5,000 coins from around the 1280s, but no medieval coins had been found in Glottertal, which is about 6 miles (10 kilometers) northeast of Freiburg. Glottertal sits in the Black Forest mountains in an area known for its picturesque valleys and dark pine forests, which are dotted with orchards and vineyards. Freiburg was founded by the House of Zähringen, a dynasty ruled by dukes from around 1120 to 1218. When the Zähringer line ended, the city was taken over by the House of Urach.

早在1949年，考古学家在弗莱堡（又称弗莱堡布莱斯高）发现了大约5,000枚1280年代左右的硬币，但在弗莱堡东北约6英里（10公里）处的格洛特塔尔却没有发现任何中世纪硬币。格洛特塔尔 (Glottertal) 坐落在黑森林山区，该地区以其风景如画的山谷和漆黑的松树林而闻名，松树林中点缀着果园和葡萄园。弗莱堡由扎林根家族 (House of Zähringen) 建立，该王朝于 1120 年至 1218 年左右由公爵统治。当扎林根家族 (Zähringer line) 结束时，这座城市由乌拉赫家族 (House of Urach) 接管。

"Glottertal has been one of the most important mining areas for the dukes of Freiburg," Haasis-Berner said. "The site where the coins were found was a main settlement area for miners," who unearthed metals such as silver.

“格洛特塔尔一直是弗莱堡公爵最重要的矿区之一，”哈西斯-伯纳说。 “发现硬币的地点是矿工的主要聚居区”，他们挖掘出了白银等金属。

Related: Hoard of 100,000 centuries-old coins discovered in Japan

相关：日本发现10万枚百年古钱币宝藏

During the pipeline installation, Haasis-Berner received a call from Claus Völker, a Glottertal citizen who said he had found some coins during the construction project.

在管道安装过程中，哈西斯-伯纳接到格洛特塔尔市民克劳斯·沃尔克 (Claus Völker) 的电话，他说他在施工过程中发现了一些硬币。

"The next morning, he examined the place a second time, and now, his wife found a huge amount," Haasis-Berner said. "Some hours later, I went to the place and dug about 1,000 coins." In the days after the initial discovery, a few experts were brought to the site with metal detectors. Despite the adverse weather conditions with rain and knee-deep mud, the team managed to retrieve 500 to 600 more coins.

“第二天早上，他第二次检查了这个地方，现在，他的妻子发现了大量的东西，”哈西斯-伯纳说。 “几个小时后，我到了那个地方，挖到了大约 1000 个硬币。”在最初发现后的几天里，一些专家带着金属探测器来到了现场。尽管天气条件恶劣，下雨，泥浆深及及膝，该团队还是成功收回了 500 至 600 枚硬币。

At the time the coins were minted in the 14th century, "you could have bought about 150 sheep with the coins," Haasis-Berner said in the statement.

14 世纪铸造这些硬币时，“你可以用这些硬币购买大约 150 只羊，”哈西斯-伯纳在声明中说。

After a rough cleaning of the coins, the experts determined that the coins were likely minted in the 1320s and were mainly from what is now Germany, Switzerland and France.

经过对硬币的粗略清理后，专家们确定这些硬币很可能是在 1320 年代铸造的，主要来自现在的德国、瑞士和法国。

—'Extremely rare' 2,500-year-old broken silver coin unearthed near Jerusalem

——耶路撒冷附近出土的“极为罕见”的 2500 年前的破损银币

—Ancient Egyptian hoard of counterfeit 'dirty money' unearthed

——古埃及囤积的假“脏钱”出土

—Rare 2,100-year-old gold coin bears name of obscure ruler from pre-Roman Britain

— 拥有 2,100 年历史的稀有金币，上面刻有前罗马时代不列颠无名统治者的名字

The new finding joins four similar coin hoards previously found in the greater region that date to the 1320s, Haasis-Berner said. "With these treasures, we can see which coins have been common," he said.

Haasis-Berner 表示，这一新发现与之前在更大地区发现的 1320 年代的四个类似硬币宝藏一起。 “通过这些宝藏，我们可以看到哪些硬币是常见的，”他说。

Importantly, the latest discovery sheds light on the Glottertal's medieval history and economy, he noted.

他指出，重要的是，最新发现揭示了格洛特塔尔的中世纪历史和经济。

"The evaluation of this coin hoard will enable us to make statements about the circulation of coins in Breisgau, the minting activity in the mints, the silver trade, but also the mining in Glottertal," Haasis-Berner said.

哈西斯-伯纳说：“对这些钱币宝藏的评估将使我们能够对布赖斯高的硬币流通、铸币厂的铸造活动、白银贸易以及格洛特塔尔的采矿情况做出陈述。”