随着冬季临近，阿布哈兹的加密矿工抵制政府镇压，与俄罗斯的关系紧张

严重的电力短缺加剧了持续的社会和政治挑战，政府关闭了许多大型矿场。尽管做出了这些努力，但随着冬季临近，该地区仍然面临电力短缺的问题，影响了日常生活和基本服务。

Abkhazia, a breakaway region on the Black Sea coast, is grappling with a persistent energy crisis fueled by large-scale cryptocurrency mining, despite government efforts to shut down the practice.

阿布哈兹是黑海沿岸的一个分离地区，尽管政府努力禁止这种做法，但该国正在努力应对大规模加密货币采矿引发的持续能源危机。

As winter approaches and temperatures drop, the republic is facing an acute shortage of electricity, impacting daily life and essential services. In recent months, the energy ministry, led by First Deputy Prime Minister Dzhansukh Nanba, has announced the dismantling of all major crypto mining farms.

随着冬季临近和气温下降，共和国面临着严重的电力短缺，影响了日常生活和基本服务。近几个月来，由第一副总理 Dzhansukh Nanb​​a 领导的能源部宣布拆除所有主要的加密矿场。

However, smaller miners continue to operate, often tapping into the grid illegally, making it challenging for authorities to fully eradicate mining activities.

然而，规模较小的矿商仍在继续运营，经常非法接入电网，这给当局彻底消除采矿活动带来了挑战。

“While cryptocurrency mining still exists, the main issue comes from the large farms,” Nanba stated. These farms, once widespread throughout the nation, are known to consume vast amounts of energy, contributing significantly to power outages across the republic.

Nanba 表示：“虽然加密货币挖矿仍然存在，但主要问题来自大型农场。”这些农场曾经遍布全国，但众所周知，它们消耗大量能源，导致整个共和国停电。

A series of bans and allowances have marked the history of crypto mining in Abkhazia. Despite the government temporarily permitting mining in 2020, the country's fragile electrical grid was strained as energy demand skyrocketed.

一系列禁令和许可标志着阿布哈兹加密货币挖矿的历史。尽管政府在 2020 年暂时允许采矿，但随着能源需求的飙升，该国脆弱的电网仍然紧张。

Abkhazia shares the Inguri hydropower facility with neighboring Georgia, but the plant's antiquated infrastructure and regular maintenance needs have left it unable to meet local demand. While the plant technically generates sufficient electricity for Abkhazia, substantial transmission losses reduce the supply that reaches consumers.

阿布哈兹与邻国格鲁吉亚共享因古里水力发电设施，但该工厂陈旧的基础设施和定期维护需求使其无法满足当地需求。虽然从技术上讲，该工厂可以为阿布哈兹提供足够的电力，但巨大的输电损失减少了到达消费者的电力供应。

Miners attracted by the region's exceptionally low electricity costs—less than one cent per kilowatt-hour—have also driven up demand in Abkhazia, which is economically reliant on Russia. This pricing, a legacy of past conflicts, is deeply ingrained and politically challenging to adjust, with attempts to raise rates often met by public protests.

该地区极低的电力成本（每千瓦时不到一美分）吸引了矿工，这也推高了经济上依赖俄罗斯的阿布哈兹的需求。这种定价是过去冲突的遗产，根深蒂固，调整起来具有政治挑战性，加息的尝试常常遭到公众抗议。

In a bid to stabilize the power grid, the government has reinforced its ban on all mining activities until May 2022, supported by legislation that imposes heavy fines for illegal electricity use. Parliament recently extended these measures, aiming to prevent a repeat of the widespread power outages that disrupted the region over the past years.

为了稳定电网，政府加强了对所有采矿活动的禁令，直至 2022 年 5 月，并立法对非法用电处以巨额罚款。议会最近延长了这些措施，旨在防止过去几年扰乱该地区的大范围停电再次发生。

This prohibition has prompted many institutional miners, including several Russian-backed operations, to dismantle their equipment and relocate, as reported by mining pool Sigmapool.

据矿池 Sigmapool 报道，这一禁令促使许多机构矿工（包括几家俄罗斯支持的矿场）拆除设备并搬迁。

However, local miners pose a unique challenge. Many operate small-scale setups in their homes and farms, often evading detection by authorities. According to political expert Tengiz Jopua, crypto mining has become a substantial income source for Abkhazians, especially in rural areas with limited economic opportunities.

然而，当地矿工提出了独特的挑战。许多人在自己的家中和农场经营小型设施，常常逃避当局的侦查。政治专家 Tengiz Jopua 表示，加密货币挖矿已成为阿布哈兹人的重要收入来源，特别是在经济机会有限的农村地区。

This has fostered a thriving underground market for mining hardware, with residents reportedly selling assets like cattle to purchase mining rigs. In 2021, Vice reported on two YouTube videos posted by Abkhazia's Ministry of Internal Affairs, showcasing raids on several Bitcoin mining operations that were illegally connected to the power grid.

这催生了一个繁荣的采矿硬件地下市场，据报道，居民出售牛等资产来购买采矿设备。 2021 年，Vice 报道了阿布哈兹内政部发布的两段 YouTube 视频，展示了对多个非法连接电网的比特币挖矿作业的突袭行动。

Officials there had “identified a large cryptocurrency mining facility in a village” and several that were illegally connected to the power grid, a narrator announces in one of the videos. According to the government of Abkhazia, they have shut down a total of eight mining operations in recent weeks.

解说员在一段视频中宣布，那里的官员“在一个村庄里发现了一个大型加密货币挖矿设施”，还有几个非法连接到电网的设施。据阿布哈兹政府称，最近几周他们总共关闭了八个采矿作业。

The close-knit nature of Abkhazian communities, where news of government raids spreads quickly, enabling miners to conceal or disable their equipment, has hindered the government's efforts to enforce the mining ban.

阿布哈兹社区关系紧密，政府突击搜查的消息很快传开，使矿工能够隐藏或禁用他们的设备，这阻碍了政府执行采矿禁令的努力。

Despite periodic police raids and attempts to block internet access to mining pools, many residents continue to find ways to circumvent restrictions and keep their operations running.

尽管警方定期进行突袭并试图阻止对矿池的互联网访问，但许多居民仍在寻找规避限制并保持运营运行的方法。

The government's latest crackdown has resulted in the shutdown of several large facilities, including those located on government-owned properties. However, the effectiveness of these measures remains uncertain. Some industry insiders, like Jakhon Khabilov of Sigmapool, believe the government may reintroduce regulated mining once repairs on the Inguri hydropower plant improve the electricity supply.

政府最新的打击行动导致多个大型设施关闭，其中包括位于政府所有财产上的设施。然而，这些措施的有效性仍不确定。 Sigmapool 的 Jakhon Khabilov 等一些业内人士认为，一旦因古里水电站的修复改善了电力供应，政府可能会重新引入受监管的采矿业。

Russia, Abkhazia's key ally, has previously stepped in to help alleviate the region's energy crisis by providing surplus electricity. However, Russia now faces similar issues with crypto mining, particularly in areas like the Russian Far East and Southern Siberia.

阿布哈兹的主要盟友俄罗斯此前曾介入，通过提供剩余电力来帮助缓解该地区的能源危机。然而，俄罗斯现在在加密货币开采方面面临着类似的问题，特别是在俄罗斯远东和西伯利亚南部等地区。

Earlier this year, Russian Deputy Energy Minister Yevgeny Grabchak hinted at potential regional mining bans within Russia, further complicating Abkhazia's reliance on its neighbor for emergency power supplies.

今年早些时候，俄罗斯能源部副部长叶夫根尼·格拉布恰克暗示俄罗斯境内可能实施区域性采矿禁令，这使得阿布哈兹对其邻国紧急电力供应的依赖进一步复杂化。

As Abkhazia navigates these challenges, the government's crackdown on crypto mining highlights broader struggles faced by self-governing regions with limited resources. With escalating electricity demands and a population deeply impacted by mining, Abkhazia's path forward remains uncertain.

在阿布哈兹应对这些挑战时，政府对加密货币挖矿的打击凸显了资源有限的自治地区面临的更广泛的斗争。随着电力需求不断上升，人口深受采矿业影响，阿布哈兹的前进道路仍然充满不确定性。

The energy crisis underscores the intricate dynamics of digital economies in regions with脆弱基础设施, where even a single bitcoin can come at a high societal cost.

能源危机凸显了基础设施薄弱地区数字经济的复杂动态，在这些地区，即使是单个比特币也会付出高昂的社会成本。