來自拉丁美洲的本週見解：監管通量的地區

本週的拉丁美洲見解（拉坦）揭示了監管通量中的一個地區。

This Week in Latin America: Argentina’s Congress to Probe Libra Token Link, Brazil’s Top Court Approves Crypto Seizure for Debt

本週在拉丁美洲：阿根廷的國會調查天秤座鏈接，巴西的頂級法院批准了加密貨幣的債務

Good morning, dear readers, and welcome to another installment of our regularly scheduled programming, This Week in Latin America.

早上好，親愛的讀者，歡迎您在本週在拉丁美洲定期安排的編程的另一期。

This week, we’ll be taking a closer look at the latest developments in the realm of cryptocurrency regulation across Latin America. From Argentina’s Congress launching an inquiry into the failed Libra token to Brazil’s National High Court, also known as STJ, paving the way for cryptocurrency assets to be seized for outstanding debts, there’s plenty of news to unpack.

本週，我們將仔細研究拉丁美洲加密貨幣監管領域的最新發展。從阿根廷的國會開始對失敗的天秤座代幣進行調查，到達巴西國家高等法院（也稱為STJ），為加密貨幣資產的出色資產鋪平了道路。

Additionally, we’ll be examining the setback faced by Brazil’s Drex CBDC pilot as it faces delays due to unresolved privacy concerns, and how tech partners Microsoft and EY are scaling back their support for the initiative.

此外，我們將研究巴西DREX CBDC飛行員所面臨的挫折，因為它由於未解決的隱私問題而面臨延誤，以及科技合作夥伴Microsoft和EY如何擴大對該計劃的支持。

Let’s delve into the details of these noteworthy events.

讓我們深入研究這些值得注意的事件的細節。

Argentina’s Congress to Probe Officials’ Ties to Failed Libra Token

阿根廷的國會調查官員的關係，使天秤座令牌失敗

In a significant political move, the lower chamber of Argentina’s Congress has voted to create a commission that will investigate government officials’ alleged involvement in the launch and collapse of the Libra token, also known as La Libertad Avanza.

在一項重大的政治舉動中，阿根廷國會下議院投票決定建立一個委員會，該委員會將調查政府官員涉嫌參與天秤座令牌的發射和崩潰，也稱為La Libertad Avanza。

The initiative was approved with 128 votes in favor, mainly from the left-leaning benches, while 93 voted against and seven abstained. The commission, which will be composed of 24 deputies, will begin its work on April 23 and has a 90-day mandate to carry out the investigation.

該倡議以128票的讚成批准，主要來自左傾的長凳，而93票則投了反對票和7票。該委員會將由24個代表組成，將於4月23日開始其工作，並有90天的授權進行調查。

The aim of the commission is to determine whether President Javier Milei, his sister Karina Milei, and other high-ranking officials from the ruling party had a role in the token’s launch and subsequent failure.

該委員會的目的是確定總統賈維爾·米利（Javier Milei），他的姐姐卡琳娜·米利（Karina Milei）和其他高級官員是否在代幣的發射以及隨後的失敗中發揮了作用。

This move is a “hard setback” for the ruling party and may have major implications for Argentina’s crypto regulatory future.

這一舉動是執政黨的“艱難挫折”，可能對阿根廷的加密監管未來產生重大影響。

Latin America’s Highest Court Approves Crypto Attachment for Debt

拉丁美洲的最高法院批准加密貨幣依附

In a landmark legal decision, the National High Court of Brazil (STJ) has ruled that cryptocurrency assets can be legally attached to cover outstanding debts.

在具有里程碑意義的法律裁決中，巴西國家高等法院（STJ）裁定，可以合法地將加密貨幣資產固定在償還未償債務上。

The judgment, delivered by STJ’s Fourth Panel, highlights that although cryptocurrencies are not legal tender in Brazil, they are taxable assets and recognized by the Central Bank as valid means of payment and stores of value.

該判決由STJ的第四個小組作出，強調，儘管加密貨幣不是巴西的法定貨幣，但它們是應納稅資產，並被央行作為有效的付款方式和價值存儲。

Moreover, the court noted that the rendering of crypto transactions is already required to be declared to Brazil’s Federal Revenue Service. In this regard, STJ President spoke about the need to adapt the legal framework to account for the rapid evolution of technology and its impact on society.

此外，法院指出，加密交易的渲染已被宣佈為巴西的聯邦稅收服務。在這方面，STJ總裁談到需要適應法律框架以說明技術的快速發展及其對社會的影響。

The court’s ruling was based on the existing legislation requiring the reporting of crypto transactions to the revenue service, comparing cryptocurrency to other seizable financial instruments.

法院的裁決是基於現行的立法，要求向稅務局報告加密交易，將加密貨幣與其他可喚起的金融工具進行比較。

This decision sets a major precedent, empowering creditors and legal authorities to access digital assets for debt recovery, especially from individuals who may be trying to evade the financial system by using cryptocurrencies.

該決定為債權人和法律當局賦予了一個主要的先例，授權債權人和法律當局訪問債務回收的數字資產，尤其是那些可能試圖通過使用加密貨幣逃避金融體系的個人。

Brazil’s Drex CBDC Pilot Hits Snag as Tech Partners Scale Back Support

當技術合作夥伴縮減支持時，巴西的DREX CBDC飛行員擊中了SNAG

The Brazilian Central Bank’s digital currency pilot, Drex, has hit a major setback as it faces developmental delays.

巴西中央銀行的數字貨幣飛行員DREX在面臨發展延誤時遭受了重大挫折。

Tech partners Microsoft and EY are scaling back their support for the initiative as they couldn’t present viable solutions for the Drex pilot’s second phase, which closed recently.

科技合作夥伴Microsoft和EY正在擴大對該計劃的支持，因為他們無法為Drex Pilot的第二階段提供可行的解決方案，該階段最近關閉了。

According to Valor Economico, none of the proposed privacy framework solutions met the required standards for transaction confidentiality and compliance oversight set by the central bank.

根據Valor Economico的說法，擬議的隱私框架解決方案均未符合中央銀行設定的交易機密性和合規性監督所需的標準。

The report adds that the central bank is keen on a dual approach, ensuring both user privacy and the ability to trace transactions for regulatory purposes, which has proven to be a challenge.

該報告補充說，中央銀行熱衷於雙重方法，確保用戶隱私和用於監管目的的交易的能力，這被證明是一個挑戰。

As a result, the progress on the Drex pilot has stalled, and the third phase, which was due to start in March, has been postponed.

結果，DREX飛行員的進度停滯了，將於3月開始的第三階段被推遲。

Earlier this year, Microsoft and EY were selected by the central bank to develop technical solutions for the Drex pilot. The pilot’s second phase focused on testing new technologies and use cases for the real-world application of the digital currency.

今年早些時候，中央銀行選擇了Microsoft和EY來為DREX飛行員開發技術解決方案。飛行員的第二階段著重於測試用於數字貨幣現實應用的新技術和用例。

However, despite months of work and collaboration, the tech partners were unable to present solutions that met the central bank’s stringent criteria.

但是，儘管有數月的工作和協作，技術合作夥伴仍無法提出符合中央銀行嚴格標準的解決方案。

The central bank is keen on maintaining a balance between privacy and surveillance in the Drex pilot. While the bank wants to protect users’ personal data, it is also interested in being able to monitor transactions for compliance purposes.

中央銀行渴望在DREX飛行員中保持隱私和監視之間的平衡。儘管銀行希望保護用戶的個人數據，但它也有興趣能夠以合規性監視交易。

This dual mandate has proven to be difficult to achieve in the context of a decentralized and permissionless technology like blockchain, which is used to underpin cryptocurrencies and Web3 applications.

事實證明，在分散且無許可的技術（如區塊鏈）的背景下，這項雙重任務很難實現，該技術用於支撐加密貨幣和Web3應用程序。

The report adds that the central bank is now planning to use the solutions developed by Microsoft and EY to create a prototype of the Drex token.

該報告補充說，中央銀行現在正計劃使用Microsoft和EY開發的解決方案來創建DREX令牌的原型。

Once the prototype is ready, the central bank will launch a broader pilot program with the participation of several commercial banks. The goal of this pilot is to test the Drex token in a more realistic setting and to collect feedback from a wider range of users.

原型準備就緒後，中央銀行將在幾家商業銀行參與的情況下啟動更廣泛的試點計劃。該試驗的目的是在更現實的設置中測試DREX令牌，並從更廣泛的用戶那裡收集反饋。

The report concludes

該報告得出結論