波蘭出土的 17 世紀硬幣寶庫

在波蘭波米喬維克鎮附近的一次非凡發現中，特里格拉夫歷史與研究協會的一對父子斯拉沃米爾(Sławomir) 和西蒙·米盧西(Szymon Milewscy) 出土了一批稀有的16 世紀和17 世紀硬幣，價值約50 萬茲羅提。

A father-son duo from the Triglav Historical and Research Association have made a remarkable discovery near the town of Pomiechówek, Poland. Sławomir and Szymon Milewscy, collaborating with the Polish Association of Mint Seekers "Husaria," were initially engaged in an exploration project to find traces of a Roman-era trade route when they stumbled upon a hoard of rare 16th and 17th-century coins, reports Nauka w Polsce (PAP).

特里格拉夫歷史與研究協會的一對父子在波蘭波米喬維克鎮附近有了一個非凡的發現。據報道，Sławomir 和 Szymon Milewscy 與波蘭造幣者協會“Husaria”合作，最初從事一項尋找羅馬時代貿易路線痕蹟的勘探項目，當時他們偶然發現了一堆稀有的 16 世紀和 17 世紀硬幣Nauka w Polsce (人民行動黨)。

The treasure trove, containing 17 coins in remarkably preserved condition, includes silver thalers and patagons from regions such as Saxony, Brandenburg, Tyrol, and the Spanish Netherlands. The collection spans from 1604 to 1641, representing a blend of European mints from the Thirty Years' War era.

寶庫包含 17 枚保存完好的硬幣，其中包括來自薩克森、勃蘭登堡、蒂羅爾和西屬尼德蘭等地區的銀幣和巴塔哥尼亞銀幣。該系列的收藏時間跨度為 1604 年至 1641 年，代表了三十年戰爭時期歐洲鑄幣廠的混合。

Among the coins are:

其中的硬幣有：

The historical significance of the find is immense, adds Piotr Duda, an archaeologist with the Triglav Association:

特里格拉夫協會考古學家彼得‧杜達補充道，這項發現具有巨大的歷史意義：

“This is probably one of the largest treasures of this type discovered in Poland, especially in the Mazovia region. The rarity and condition of the coins add indescribable historical value beyond their estimated half-million-zloty material worth."

「這可能是在波蘭，特別是在馬佐維亞地區發現的此類最大寶藏之一。這些硬幣的稀有性和狀況增加了難以形容的歷史價值，超出了其估計的五十萬茲羅提的物質價值。

The finders at the find site near Pomiechówek, Poland. (Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria")

波蘭波米霍維克附近的發現地點的發現者。 （波蘭搜尋者協會「Husaria」）

The hoard might be linked to events surrounding the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and the subsequent conflicts in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as the Swedish invasion known as the Deluge (1655–1660), researchers speculate.

研究人員推測，這些寶藏可能與三十年戰爭（1618-1648）以及隨後波蘭立陶宛聯邦的衝突有關，例如被稱為「洪水」（1655-1660）的瑞典入侵。

In 1655, Swedish and Polish Crown forces clashed in nearby Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki, explains the PAP report, a battle that could have prompted a mercenary or wealthy merchant to bury their assets for safekeeping. Given that soldiers and tradespeople alike frequented the area, the coins may have been hidden by someone with substantial wealth or by a foreign soldier employed as a mercenary during the regional conflicts.

人民行動黨的報告解釋說，1655 年，瑞典和波蘭皇家軍隊在附近的新莊園 (Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki) 發生衝突，這場戰鬥可能會促使僱傭兵或富商埋葬他們的資產以妥善保管。鑑於士兵和商人經常光顧該地區，這些硬幣可能是由擁有大量財富的人或在地區衝突期間被雇用為僱傭兵的外國士兵隱藏的。

Another theory, put forth by Duda, suggests that the treasure may have belonged to a merchant seeking to protect his fortune at a local inn, only to be prevented by circumstances from retrieving it. These historical insights add a fascinating layer to the discovery, connecting it to broader narratives of survival and risk amid the upheavals of 17th-century Europe.

杜達提出的另一種理論認為，這些寶藏可能屬於一位商人，他試圖在當地一家旅館保護自己的財產，但卻因環境而無法取回。這些歷史見解為這一發現增添了一層迷人的色彩，將其與 17 世紀歐洲動亂中的生存和風險的更廣泛的敘述聯繫起來。

A Treasure That Defies Numismatic Catalogs

與錢幣目錄不符的寶藏

The coins' rarity goes beyond value; some are scarcely documented in numismatic catalogs, emphasizing their uniqueness. For example, the Patagon of Albert and Elizabeth from the Spanish Netherlands, which appeared twice in the collection, showcases variations not commonly found, with no precise date available in catalog entries.

硬幣的稀有性超越了其價值；有些在錢幣目錄中幾乎沒有記錄，強調了它們的獨特性。例如，來自西屬尼德蘭的阿爾伯特和伊麗莎白的巴塔貢在該系列中出現了兩次，展示了不常見的變體，目錄條目中沒有提供準確的日期。

The thalers of Johann Georg I, minted in Saxony in 1612 and 1624, are also examples of coins from a period when European economies and currencies were highly decentralized, resulting in an abundance of unique and localized mint issues.

約翰·格奧爾格一世的泰勒幣於 1612 年和 1624 年在薩克森州鑄造，也是歐洲經濟和貨幣高度分散時期的硬幣的例子，導致了大量獨特和本地化的鑄幣發行。

The thalers and patagons demonstrate a unique cross-section of Europe's economic and political landscape, each coin representing the influence and reach of various regional powers. The variety of symbols and inscriptions on the coins reflect the intricate interplay of allegiances, trade, and conflicts that defined the era.

塞勒斯和巴塔貢幣展示了歐洲經濟和政治版圖的獨特橫截面，每枚硬幣都代表了各個地區大國的影響力和影響力。硬幣上的各種符號和銘文反映了定義這個時代的效忠、貿易和衝突之間錯綜複雜的相互作用。

Two coins from the collection that span 1604 to 164. (Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria")

收藏品中的兩枚硬幣跨越 1604 年至 164 年。

Future of the Find: Preservation and Public Display

發現物的未來：保存與公開展示

The treasure will soon be transferred to the Mazovian Voivodeship Conservator of Monuments, where preservation efforts will begin. The Triglav Association has expressed a desire to see the coins displayed locally, ideally within the September Campaign Museum or the Modlin Fortress Museum, to ensure that the cultural heritage remains accessible to the public. This plan aligns with the increasing interest in regional museums to display historical treasures that illustrate the rich and complex history of the Mazovia region.

這些寶藏很快就會被轉移到馬佐夫舍省古蹟保護機構，並在那裡開始保護工作。特里格拉夫協會表示希望看到這些硬幣在當地展示，最好是在九月戰役博物館或莫德林堡壘博物館內展示，以確保公眾能夠接觸到文化遺產。該計劃符合人們對地區博物館日益增長的興趣，以展示歷史寶藏，展示馬佐夫捨地區豐富而複雜的歷史。

The Polish Association of Mint Seekers "Husaria" shared their excitement on social media, noting the discovery's numismatic value and historical significance. They reported that some of the coins, especially the Sigismund III Vasa thaler, are exceptionally rare varieties, made even more valuable by their pristine condition compared to previously auctioned examples.

波蘭鑄幣愛好者協會「Husaria」在社群媒體上分享了他們的興奮之情，並指出了這項發現的錢幣價值和歷史意義。他們報告說，其中一些硬幣，尤其是西吉斯蒙德三世瓦薩泰勒硬幣，是極其罕見的品種，與先前拍賣的硬幣相比，其原始狀態使其更有價值。

Top image: Left, finders with the coins, right, the coins by a tree.            Source: Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria"

上圖：左，有硬幣的發現者，右，樹旁的硬幣。 資料來源：波蘭搜尋者協會“Husaria”