波兰出土的 17 世纪硬币宝库

在波兰波米乔维克镇附近的一次非凡发现中，特里格拉夫历史与研究协会的一对父子斯拉沃米尔 (Sławomir) 和西蒙·米卢西 (Szymon Milewscy) 出土了一批稀有的 16 世纪和 17 世纪硬币，价值约 50 万兹罗提。

A father-son duo from the Triglav Historical and Research Association have made a remarkable discovery near the town of Pomiechówek, Poland. Sławomir and Szymon Milewscy, collaborating with the Polish Association of Mint Seekers "Husaria," were initially engaged in an exploration project to find traces of a Roman-era trade route when they stumbled upon a hoard of rare 16th and 17th-century coins, reports Nauka w Polsce (PAP).

特里格拉夫历史与研究协会的一对父子在波兰波米乔维克镇附近有了一个非凡的发现。据报道，Sławomir 和 Szymon Milewscy 与波兰造币者协会“Husaria”合作，最初从事一项寻找罗马时代贸易路线痕迹的勘探项目，当时他们偶然发现了一堆稀有的 16 世纪和 17 世纪硬币Nauka w Polsce (人民行动党)。

The treasure trove, containing 17 coins in remarkably preserved condition, includes silver thalers and patagons from regions such as Saxony, Brandenburg, Tyrol, and the Spanish Netherlands. The collection spans from 1604 to 1641, representing a blend of European mints from the Thirty Years' War era.

该宝库包含 17 枚保存完好的硬币，其中包括来自萨克森、勃兰登堡、蒂罗尔和西属尼德兰等地区的银币和巴塔哥尼亚银币。该系列的收藏时间跨度为 1604 年至 1641 年，代表了三十年战争时期欧洲铸币的混合物。

Among the coins are:

其中的硬币有：

The historical significance of the find is immense, adds Piotr Duda, an archaeologist with the Triglav Association:

特里格拉夫协会考古学家彼得·杜达补充道，这一发现具有巨大的历史意义：

“This is probably one of the largest treasures of this type discovered in Poland, especially in the Mazovia region. The rarity and condition of the coins add indescribable historical value beyond their estimated half-million-zloty material worth."

“这可能是在波兰，特别是在马佐维亚地区发现的此类最大宝藏之一。这些硬币的稀有性和状况增加了难以形容的历史价值，超出了其估计的五十万兹罗提的物质价值。”

The finders at the find site near Pomiechówek, Poland. (Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria")

波兰波米霍维克附近的发现地点的发现者。 （波兰搜寻者协会“Husaria”）

The hoard might be linked to events surrounding the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and the subsequent conflicts in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as the Swedish invasion known as the Deluge (1655–1660), researchers speculate.

研究人员推测，这些宝藏可能与三十年战争（1618-1648）以及随后波兰立陶宛联邦的冲突有关，例如被称为“洪水”（1655-1660）的瑞典入侵。

In 1655, Swedish and Polish Crown forces clashed in nearby Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki, explains the PAP report, a battle that could have prompted a mercenary or wealthy merchant to bury their assets for safekeeping. Given that soldiers and tradespeople alike frequented the area, the coins may have been hidden by someone with substantial wealth or by a foreign soldier employed as a mercenary during the regional conflicts.

人民行动党的报告解释说，1655 年，瑞典和波兰皇家军队在附近的新庄园 (Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki) 发生冲突，这场战斗可能会促使雇佣兵或富商埋葬他们的资产以妥善保管。鉴于士兵和商人经常光顾该地区，这些硬币可能是由拥有大量财富的人或在地区冲突期间被雇佣为雇佣兵的外国士兵隐藏的。

Another theory, put forth by Duda, suggests that the treasure may have belonged to a merchant seeking to protect his fortune at a local inn, only to be prevented by circumstances from retrieving it. These historical insights add a fascinating layer to the discovery, connecting it to broader narratives of survival and risk amid the upheavals of 17th-century Europe.

杜达提出的另一种理论认为，这些宝藏可能属于一位商人，他试图在当地一家旅馆保护自己的财产，但却因环境而无法取回。这些历史见解为这一发现增添了一层迷人的色彩，将其与 17 世纪欧洲动乱中的生存和风险的更广泛的叙述联系起来。

A Treasure That Defies Numismatic Catalogs

与钱币目录不符的宝藏

The coins' rarity goes beyond value; some are scarcely documented in numismatic catalogs, emphasizing their uniqueness. For example, the Patagon of Albert and Elizabeth from the Spanish Netherlands, which appeared twice in the collection, showcases variations not commonly found, with no precise date available in catalog entries.

硬币的稀有性超出了其价值；有些在钱币目录中几乎没有记录，强调了它们的独特性。例如，来自西属尼德兰的阿尔伯特和伊丽莎白的巴塔贡在该系列中出现了两次，展示了不常见的变体，目录条目中没有提供准确的日期。

The thalers of Johann Georg I, minted in Saxony in 1612 and 1624, are also examples of coins from a period when European economies and currencies were highly decentralized, resulting in an abundance of unique and localized mint issues.

约翰·格奥尔格一世的泰勒币于 1612 年和 1624 年在萨克森州铸造，也是欧洲经济和货币高度分散时期的硬币的例子，导致了大量独特和本地化的铸币发行。

The thalers and patagons demonstrate a unique cross-section of Europe's economic and political landscape, each coin representing the influence and reach of various regional powers. The variety of symbols and inscriptions on the coins reflect the intricate interplay of allegiances, trade, and conflicts that defined the era.

塞勒斯和巴塔贡币展示了欧洲经济和政治版图的独特横截面，每枚硬币都代表了各个地区大国的影响力和影响力。硬币上的各种符号和铭文反映了定义这个时代的效忠、贸易和冲突之间错综复杂的相互作用。

Two coins from the collection that span 1604 to 164. (Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria")

收藏品中的两枚硬币跨越 1604 年至 164 年。（波兰探索者协会“Husaria”）

Future of the Find: Preservation and Public Display

发现物的未来：保存和公开展示

The treasure will soon be transferred to the Mazovian Voivodeship Conservator of Monuments, where preservation efforts will begin. The Triglav Association has expressed a desire to see the coins displayed locally, ideally within the September Campaign Museum or the Modlin Fortress Museum, to ensure that the cultural heritage remains accessible to the public. This plan aligns with the increasing interest in regional museums to display historical treasures that illustrate the rich and complex history of the Mazovia region.

这些宝藏很快将被转移到马佐夫舍省古迹保护机构，并在那里开始保护工作。特里格拉夫协会表示希望看到这些硬币在当地展示，最好是在九月战役博物馆或莫德林堡垒博物馆内展示，以确保公众能够接触到文化遗产。该计划符合人们对地区博物馆日益增长的兴趣，以展示历史宝藏，展示马佐夫舍地区丰富而复杂的历史。

The Polish Association of Mint Seekers "Husaria" shared their excitement on social media, noting the discovery's numismatic value and historical significance. They reported that some of the coins, especially the Sigismund III Vasa thaler, are exceptionally rare varieties, made even more valuable by their pristine condition compared to previously auctioned examples.

波兰铸币爱好者协会“Husaria”在社交媒体上分享了他们的兴奋之情，并指出了这一发现的钱币价值和历史意义。他们报告说，其中一些硬币，尤其是西吉斯蒙德三世瓦萨泰勒硬币，是极其罕见的品种，与之前拍卖的硬币相比，其原始状态使其更有价值。

Top image: Left, finders with the coins, right, the coins by a tree.            Source: Polskie Stowarzyszenie Poszukiwaczy "Husaria"

上图：左，有硬币的发现者，右，树旁的硬币。 资料来源：波兰搜索者协会“Husaria”