俄羅斯大宗商品公司轉向穩定幣作為與中國同行達成交易的新方法

俄羅斯大宗商品公司在與中國同行進行金融交易時面臨挑戰，正在轉向穩定幣作為新方法

Russian commodities firms are facing challenges in executing financial transactions with Chinese counterparts due to the enduring impact of international restrictions imposed in response to the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Even unsanctioned Russian companies dealing in commodities such as metals and timber have encountered difficulties in receiving payments for their goods and procuring equipment and raw materials. This is despite China’s stance of not joining international sanctions, as the US Treasury Department’s threats of secondary sanctions on lenders facilitating sanctions evasion have led to increased compliance measures.

由於 2022 年入侵烏克蘭所實施的國際限制的持久影響，俄羅斯大宗商品公司在與中國同行進行金融交易時面臨挑戰。即使是未經批准經營金屬和木材等商品的俄羅斯公司在收到貨物付款以及採購設備和原材料方面也遇到了困難。儘管中國堅持不加入國際制裁的立場，但美國財政部威脅對有助於規避制裁的貸款機構實施二級制裁，導致合規措施增加。

To circumvent these challenges, at least two major metals producers have begun utilizing Tether Holdings Ltd.’s stablecoin and other cryptocurrencies to settle cross-border transactions with primarily Chinese clients and suppliers. In some cases, these settlements are routed through Hong Kong.

為了規避這些挑戰，至少兩家主要金屬生產商已開始利用 Tether Holdings Ltd. 的穩定幣和其他加密貨幣來解決與主要是中國客戶和供應商的跨境交易。在某些情況下，這些定居點是透過香港進行的。

Stablecoins offer a faster and more cost-effective alternative for transactions, with transfers taking just seconds and costing only a few cents. Tether’s USDT stablecoin, pegged to the US dollar, provides added convenience for exporters. The alternative of traditional banking transactions carries the risk of account freezing, with some companies experiencing the frustration of multiple frozen accounts in various countries.

穩定幣為交易提供了一種更快、更具成本效益的替代方案，轉帳僅需幾秒鐘，成本僅為幾美分。 Tether 的 USDT 穩定幣與美元掛鉤，為出口商提供了更多便利。傳統銀行交易的替代方案有帳戶凍結的風險，一些公司在多個國家經歷了多個帳戶被凍結的挫折感。

The growing role of cryptocurrencies in settlements is not unique to Russia, as countries under sanctions like Venezuela have increasingly turned to Tether for transactions, often brokered through intermediaries in Dubai. This trend reflects a broader shift in the Russian central bank’s stance towards the cryptocurrency industry. While previously considering a blanket ban, Governor Elvira Nabiullina now supports experimenting with cryptocurrency payments in international transactions.

加密貨幣在結算中的作用日益增強並不是俄羅斯獨有的，因為像委內瑞拉這樣受到製裁的國家越來越多地轉向 Tether 進行交易，而這些交易通常是透過杜拜的中介機構進行的。這一趨勢反映出俄羅斯央行對加密貨幣產業的立場發生了更廣泛的轉變。雖然之前考慮全面禁止，但州長 Elvira Nabiullina 現在支持在國際交易中嘗試使用加密貨幣支付。

However, the central bank has emphasized that cryptocurrency payments are acceptable only for cross-border transfers and should not be promoted domestically. Legislation is being considered to establish a legal framework for stablecoin use in international transactions.

不過，央行強調，加密貨幣支付僅可接受跨國轉賬，不應在國內推廣。正在考慮立法為國際交易中使用穩定幣建立法律框架。

Meanwhile, cryptocurrency-linked banking services in Russia are expanding, with Rosbank becoming the first Russian lender to initiate cross-border payments with cryptocurrency for businesses in June last year. Other banks have followed suit since then. In contrast to stablecoin adoption, some commodities firms are opting for barter deals to settle transactions, entirely avoiding cross-border transfers. This approach, once considered exotic, involves swapping commodities for goods shipped to Russia.

同時，俄羅斯與加密貨幣相關的銀行服務正在擴大，去年 6 月，Rosbank 成為第一家為企業啟動加密貨幣跨境支付的俄羅斯銀行。此後其他銀行也紛紛效法。與採用穩定幣相反，一些大宗商品公司選擇以物易物交易結算交易，完全避免跨國轉移。這種曾經被認為是異國情調的方法涉及用商品交換運往俄羅斯的貨物。