俄罗斯大宗商品公司转向稳定币作为与中国同行达成交易的新方法

俄罗斯大宗商品公司在与中国同行进行金融交易时面临挑战，正在转向稳定币作为新方法

Russian commodities firms are facing challenges in executing financial transactions with Chinese counterparts due to the enduring impact of international restrictions imposed in response to the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Even unsanctioned Russian companies dealing in commodities such as metals and timber have encountered difficulties in receiving payments for their goods and procuring equipment and raw materials. This is despite China’s stance of not joining international sanctions, as the US Treasury Department’s threats of secondary sanctions on lenders facilitating sanctions evasion have led to increased compliance measures.

由于 2022 年入侵乌克兰所实施的国际限制的持久影响，俄罗斯大宗商品公司在与中国同行进行金融交易时面临挑战。即使是未经批准经营金属和木材等商品的俄罗斯公司在收到货物付款以及采购设备和原材料方面也遇到了困难。尽管中国坚持不加入国际制裁的立场，但美国财政部威胁对有助于规避制裁的贷款机构实施二级制裁，导致合规措施有所增加。

To circumvent these challenges, at least two major metals producers have begun utilizing Tether Holdings Ltd.’s stablecoin and other cryptocurrencies to settle cross-border transactions with primarily Chinese clients and suppliers. In some cases, these settlements are routed through Hong Kong.

为了规避这些挑战，至少两家主要金属生产商已开始利用 Tether Holdings Ltd. 的稳定币和其他加密货币来解决与主要是中国客户和供应商的跨境交易。在某些情况下，这些定居点是通过香港进行的。

Stablecoins offer a faster and more cost-effective alternative for transactions, with transfers taking just seconds and costing only a few cents. Tether’s USDT stablecoin, pegged to the US dollar, provides added convenience for exporters. The alternative of traditional banking transactions carries the risk of account freezing, with some companies experiencing the frustration of multiple frozen accounts in various countries.

稳定币为交易提供了一种更快、更具成本效益的替代方案，转账仅需几秒钟，成本仅为几美分。 Tether 的 USDT 稳定币与美元挂钩，为出口商提供了更多便利。传统银行交易的替代方案存在账户冻结的风险，一些公司在多个国家经历了多个账户被冻结的挫败感。

The growing role of cryptocurrencies in settlements is not unique to Russia, as countries under sanctions like Venezuela have increasingly turned to Tether for transactions, often brokered through intermediaries in Dubai. This trend reflects a broader shift in the Russian central bank’s stance towards the cryptocurrency industry. While previously considering a blanket ban, Governor Elvira Nabiullina now supports experimenting with cryptocurrency payments in international transactions.

加密货币在结算中的作用日益增强并不是俄罗斯独有的，因为像委内瑞拉这样受到制裁的国家越来越多地转向 Tether 进行交易，而这些交易通常是通过迪拜的中介机构进行的。这一趋势反映出俄罗斯央行对加密货币行业的立场发生了更广泛的转变。虽然之前考虑全面禁止，但州长埃尔维拉·纳比乌林娜 (Elvira Nabiullina) 现在支持在国际交易中尝试使用加密货币支付。

However, the central bank has emphasized that cryptocurrency payments are acceptable only for cross-border transfers and should not be promoted domestically. Legislation is being considered to establish a legal framework for stablecoin use in international transactions.

不过，央行强调，加密货币支付仅可接受跨境转账，不应在国内推广。正在考虑立法为国际交易中使用稳定币建立法律框架。

Meanwhile, cryptocurrency-linked banking services in Russia are expanding, with Rosbank becoming the first Russian lender to initiate cross-border payments with cryptocurrency for businesses in June last year. Other banks have followed suit since then. In contrast to stablecoin adoption, some commodities firms are opting for barter deals to settle transactions, entirely avoiding cross-border transfers. This approach, once considered exotic, involves swapping commodities for goods shipped to Russia.

与此同时，俄罗斯与加密货币相关的银行服务正在扩大，去年 6 月，Rosbank 成为第一家为企业启动加密货币跨境支付的俄罗斯银行。此后其他银行也纷纷效仿。与采用稳定币相反，一些大宗商品公司选择以物易物交易来结算交易，完全避免跨境转移。这种曾经被认为是异国情调的方法涉及用商品交换运往俄罗斯的货物。