宇宙華爾茲：星系碰撞，星形形式和超新星爆炸

星係並不害羞地在壯觀的時尚中互相碰撞，通過宇宙碰撞互相改造。

Two spiral galaxies, IC 2163 and NGC 2207, are slowly colliding, creating a stunning cosmic spectacle. The impact has already left visible marks on the galaxies, elongating their arms into long structures due to tidal forces.

兩個螺旋星系IC 2163和NGC 2207正在慢慢碰撞，創造了令人驚嘆的宇宙景象。這種影響已經在星系上留下了可見的痕跡，由於潮汐力，將它們的手臂延伸成長結構。

Webb's mid-infrared images reveal red shock fronts and “eyelids” around IC 2163, showcasing the extreme gravitational force and incredible shape deformation. As time progresses, the galaxies will continue to interact, further altering their appearances.

韋伯的中紅外圖像顯示了IC 2163附近的紅色衝擊戰線和“眼瞼”，展示了極端的引力力和令人難以置信的形狀變形。隨著時間的流逝，星係將繼續互動，進一步改變其外觀。

One spectacular consequence of the galactic collision is the increased rate of star formation. Together, IC 2163 and NGC 2207 are generating an estimated two dozen Sun-like stars per year, significantly faster than the Milky Way's average of two to three stars annually.

銀河碰撞的壯觀後果是恆星形成的速率增加。 IC 2163和NGC 2207共同每年產生二十顆陽光的恆星，比銀河系平均每年平均兩到三顆星的恆星要快得多。

The enhanced star formation is directly influenced by the gravitational forces of the collision, which compress and collapse the gas and dust within the galaxies, triggering new star formation. Hubble ultraviolet imaging and Webb mid-infrared data show cool cores of star formation.

增強的恆星形成直接受碰撞的重力的影響，碰撞的重力壓縮和折疊了星系中的氣體和塵埃，從而觸發了新的恆星形成。哈勃紫外線成像和Webb中紅外數據顯示了恆星形成的涼爽核心。

Blue areas observed by Hubble represent the stars and birth of new stars, while pictures taken by Webb show regions of high activity in shades of pink and white. These stellar nurseries are superstar clusters in the upper spiral arms of NGC 2207 and mini starbursts randomly distributed across both galaxies.

哈勃觀察到的藍色區域代表了新星的恆星和出生，而韋伯拍攝的圖片顯示了粉紅色和白色陰影高活動的區域。這些恆星的苗圃是NGC 2207上螺旋臂的超級巨星簇，並且在兩個星系中隨機分佈的迷你星爆。

They are the sites where stars are being formed in spectacularly rapid succession, as if the galaxies are competing to create an ever-increasing number of new stellar objects. In addition to these active star-forming regions, at least seven supernovae have occurred in the galaxies over the past few decades.

它們是恆星以驚人的快速繼承形成的地點，好像星係正在競爭創建不斷增加的新恆星對像一樣。除了這些活躍的恆星形成區域外，在過去幾十年中，星系中至少發生了七個超新星。

Every supernova plays a crucial role in the evolution of galaxies (just like this Sombrero galaxy, which has a mysterious glow). Explosions clear out space in the galactic arms, redistributing the nearby gas and dust and concentrating the new star formation in the gaps left behind. These stellar eruptions significantly impact the ongoing evolution of these galaxies.

每個超新星在星系的發展中都起著至關重要的作用（就像這個具有神秘光芒的Sombrero Galaxy一樣）。爆炸清除了銀河臂上的空間，重新分佈附近的氣體和灰塵，並將新的星形構造集中在留下的縫隙中。這些恆星爆發顯著影響了這些星系的持續發展。

As IC 2163 and NGC 2207 continue to interact, their gravitational pulls will shape their arms, cores, and overall appearances. Eventually, their forms may merge, leaving a single galaxy with a luminous core—an even brighter “eye” than we witness today.

隨著IC 2163和NGC 2207繼續相互作用，它們的引力拉力將塑造其手臂，核心和整體外觀。最終，他們的形式可能會合併，留下一個帶有發光核心的星系，甚至比我們今天所看到的更明亮的“眼睛”。

However, the stellar formation rate will gradually decrease as the gas and dust residuals are depleted. The exhaustion of stellar-forming gas will lead to a reduction in the galaxy growth rate. The roaring of stellar formation will subside, and the once-energetic galaxies will settle down into more quiescent, less dynamic structures. This transformation is an inherent part of the evolution of galaxies that have experienced strong gravitational interactions.

但是，隨著氣體和灰塵殘留的耗盡，恆星形成速率將逐漸降低。恆星形成氣體的耗盡將導致星系生長速率降低。恆星形成的咆哮將消失，曾經能量的星係將沉降到更加靜止的，較少的動態結構中。這種轉換是經歷了強烈引力相互作用的星系演變的固有部分。

The captivating images of IC 2163 and NGC 2207, obtained by the James Webb and Hubble telescopes, respectively, showcase the universe's beauty and complexity. These galaxies' blood-dripping “eyes” symbolize the eternal cosmic waltz, where dying meets living in the creation of the cosmos.

由詹姆斯·韋伯（James Webb）和哈勃望遠鏡（Hubble Telescopes）獲得的IC 2163和NGC 2207的迷人圖像展示了宇宙的美麗和復雜性。這些星系的鮮血“眼睛”象徵著永恆的宇宙華爾茲，垂死的人遇到了生活在宇宙的創造中。

Through advanced telescopes, we get a glimpse of the forces of gravity, star formation, and supernovae at work, crafting the destiny of galaxies. This cosmic play continues to unfold, offering rich opportunities for unraveling the universe's secrets (like the historic find found by the JWST on Question Mark Galaxy).

通過高級望遠鏡，我們可以瞥見重力，星形形成和超新星的工作，從而製作了星系的命運。這場宇宙遊戲繼續展開，為揭開宇宙的秘密提供了豐富的機會（就像JWST在問號Mark Galaxy上發現的歷史發現一樣）。