中國收緊對伊拉克石油的控制，深化經濟、政治關係

隨著中國公司獲得五項伊拉克石油和天然氣儲量勘探投標，中國在伊拉克能源領域的影響力得到加強。這些勝利以及先前獲得的許可證標誌著中國在伊拉克碳氫化合物產業中的重要角色。儘管美國石油公司缺席，但這一輪許可旨在提高國內能源生產，特別是天然氣生產，以減少對伊朗進口的依賴。

China Bolsters Position in Iraqi Oil and Gas Exploration, Furthering Economic and Political Ties

中國加強在伊拉克石油和天然氣勘探中的地位，深化經濟和政治關係

As Iraq's second day of hydrocarbon exploration licensing progressed, China-based companies secured five additional bids to explore the country's vast oil and gas reserves, the Iraqi oil minister announced on Sunday.

伊拉克石油部長週日宣布，隨著伊拉克碳氫化合物勘探許可的第二天進行，中國公司獲得了另外五份勘探該國巨大石油和天然氣儲量的投標。

China Dominates Bidding

中國主導招標

Chinese businesses have emerged as the sole international players to acquire bids thus far, securing licenses for ten oil and gas fields since Saturday. In addition, the Iraqi Kurdish company KAR Group has also secured two licenses.

自周六以來，中國企業已成為唯一獲得投標的國際企業，並獲得了十個油氣田的許可證。此外，伊拉克庫德公司KAR Group也獲得了兩項許可證。

Over 20 firms, representing a diverse mix of European, Chinese, Arab, and Iraqi companies, had pre-qualified for the exploration licenses, which cover 29 projects. The overarching objective is to boost production for domestic consumption.

代表歐洲、中國、阿拉伯和伊拉克公司的 20 多家公司已獲得勘探許可證資格預審，涵蓋 29 個項目。總體目標是增加國內消費的生產。

Natural Gas Ambitions

天然氣野心

Iraq initiated this sixth licensing round with the explicit aim of enhancing natural gas output, which it intends to utilize as fuel for power plants currently reliant on Iranian gas imports. However, the absence of bids for at least six gas-rich areas may hinder these efforts.

伊拉克啟動了第六輪許可，其明確目標是提高天然氣產量，伊拉克打算將天然氣用作目前依賴伊朗天然氣進口的發電廠的燃料。然而，至少六個天然氣豐富地區缺乏投標可能會阻礙這些努力。

Absence of US Companies

美國公司缺席

Conspicuously, no US oil corporations have participated in the bidding process, despite Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia meeting with executives from US companies during an official visit to the US last month.

值得注意的是，儘管伊拉克總理穆罕默德·希亞上個月在對美國進行正式訪問期間會見了美國公司的高層，但沒有美國石油公司參與競標過程。

Strengthening China-Iraq Ties

加強中伊關係

China's CNOOC Iraq has secured the bid to develop Iraq's Block 7, spanning the central and southern provinces of Diwaniya, Babil, Najaf, Wasit, and Muthanna, according to oil minister Hayan Abdul Ghani.

石油部長哈揚·阿卜杜勒·加尼(Hayan Abdul Ghani) 表示，中國中海油伊拉克公司已獲得開發伊拉克7 號區塊的競標，該區塊涵蓋中部和南部的迪瓦尼亞、巴比倫、納傑夫、瓦西特和穆薩納省。

Other Chinese companies that have won bids include ZhenHua, Anton Oilfield Services, and Sinopec, respectively assigned to develop the Abu Khaymah oilfield in Muthanna, the Dhufriya field in Wasit, and the Sumer field in Muthanna. China's Geo-Jade has also acquired the bid for oil exploration in the Jabal Sanam field in Basra province, as per the Iraqi oil ministry.

其他得標的中國公司包括振華石油、安東油田服務公司和中石化，分別負責開發穆薩納的阿布海馬油田、瓦西特的杜弗里亞油田和穆薩納的蘇美油田。據伊拉克石油部稱，中國的洲際翡翠公司也獲得了巴士拉省Jabal Sanam油田石油勘探的競標。

Iraq's Oil Sector Challenges

伊拉克石油業面臨的挑戰

Iraq, OPEC's second-largest oil producer after Saudi Arabia, has faced obstacles in developing its oil sector due to contract terms deemed unfavorable by major oil companies, periodic military conflicts, and increasing investor focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors.

伊拉克是僅次於沙烏地阿拉伯的歐佩克第二大石油生產國，由於主要石油公司認為不利的合約條款、週期性的軍事衝突以及投資者日益關注環境、社會和治理（ESG）因素，伊拉克正在發展石油業方面面臨障礙。

China's Growing Influence

中國日益增長的影響力

In recent years, China has forged closer commercial and political ties with Iraq. As a major oil importer, China seeks consistent energy supply from the oil-rich nation. Conversely, Iraq welcomes Chinese investment to rebuild its infrastructure after years of conflict.

近年來，中國與伊拉克建立了更密切的商業和政治關係。作為主要石油進口國，中國尋求來自石油資源豐富國家的持續能源供應。相反，伊拉克歡迎中國在多年衝突後投資重建基礎設施。

Beijing has provided loans and construction contracts to Baghdad, solidifying its position in the region. Major Chinese corporations, such as Zhenhua Oil, have secured contracts to develop Iraqi oil reserves. This mutually beneficial partnership grants China access to resources while aiding Iraq's reconstruction efforts.

北京向巴格達提供了貸款和建築合同，鞏固了其在該地區的地位。振華石油等中國大公司已獲得開發伊拉克石油儲備的合約。這種互利的夥伴關係使中國能夠獲得資源，同時幫助伊拉克的重建工作。

However, concerns have been raised about China's expanding influence in the Middle East. Critics argue that Beijing's "no-strings-attached" partnerships undermine democracy and human rights. As ties between China and Iraq deepen, the world observes the unfolding dynamics between an economic powerhouse and a resource-rich nation.

然而，人們對中國在中東不斷擴大的影響力表示擔憂。批評者認為，北京的「無附加條件」夥伴關係破壞了民主和人權。隨著中國和伊拉克關係的深化，世界正在關註一個經濟強國和一個資源豐富國家之間不斷發展的動態。

Iraq Supports OPEC's Oil Output Cuts

伊拉克支持歐佩克減產

In a separate development, Iraq's oil minister stated on Sunday that the country remains committed to the voluntary oil production cuts agreed upon by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and is willing to collaborate with member countries to achieve greater stability in global oil markets.

另據報道，伊拉克石油部長週日表示，該國仍然致力於石油輸出國組織（OPEC）商定的自願石油減產，並願意與成員國合作，以實現全球石油市場的更大穩定。

The minister's comments come after he indicated on Saturday that Iraq had made sufficient voluntary reductions and would not agree to further cuts proposed by the broader OPEC+ producing group at its meeting scheduled for early June.

這位部長在發表此番言論之前，他週六表示，伊拉克已經進行了足夠的自願減產，並且不會同意更廣泛的 OPEC+ 生產集團在定於 6 月初舉行的會議上提出的進一步減產建議。

"The oil ministry is keen to work with member states to achieve more stability in the global oil market by agreeing on voluntary reduction programs," Hayan Abdul Ghani told the state news agency.

哈揚·阿卜杜勒·加尼對國家通訊社表示：“石油部熱衷於與成員國合作，通過就自願減產計劃達成一致，實現全球石油市場的更加穩定。”

Abdul Ghani clarified to reporters on the sidelines of the oil and gas licensing round in Baghdad that OPEC's voluntary reductions are subject to member agreement and that Iraq, as an OPEC member, will abide by the organization's decisions.

阿卜杜勒·加尼在巴格達舉行的石油和天然氣許可回合間隙向記者澄清，歐佩克的自願減產取決於成員國的協議，而伊拉克作為歐佩克成員國，將遵守該組織的決定。

"It is necessary that we adhere to and agree with any decisions made by the organization," he emphasized.

「我們有必要遵守並同意該組織做出的任何決定，」他強調。

According to sources familiar with the matter, the OPEC+ group, which comprises OPEC, Russia, and other non-OPEC producers, may extend some voluntary output cuts if demand conditions do not improve.

知情人士透露，如果需求狀況沒有改善，由歐佩克、俄羅斯和其他非歐佩克產油國組成的歐佩克+集團可能會延長部分自願減產。