专家警告

专家发现，由饮食公司推广的设备，大量高估了血糖读数。

Experts have warned that wearable blood sugar monitors, which count stars like Davina McCall and Dragons' Den star Steven Bartlett among their fans, could be doing more harm than good.

专家警告说，可耐磨性的血糖监测器将诸如戴维娜·麦考尔（Davina McCall）和龙之星史蒂文·巴特利特（Steven Bartlett）等明星列为粉丝，可能弊大于利。

Academics examining the devices, which are being promoted by diet companies like ZOE, found they massively overestimated the size and duration of blood sugar spikes.

研究设备的学者正在由Zoe等饮食公司推广的设备，发现它们大量高估了血糖尖峰的大小和持续时间。

This, they said, could lead to healthy people "misdiagnosing" themselves with problems like prediabetes and becoming unnecessarily anxious.

他们说，这可能会导致健康的人“误诊”诸如糖尿病之前的问题和变得不必要的焦虑。

The false readings could also lead to users believing healthy foods like fruit were causing a worrying blood sugar spike and shunning them as a result, experts warned.

专家警告说，虚假的读数还可能导致用户认为，像水果这样的健康食品会引起令人担忧的血糖峰值并因此而避开它们。

The technology, which is embedded in several health and diet programmes, sees users wear a small circular sticker on their arm which provides detailed information on blood sugar levels after eating food via a small probe in the skin which beams information to a paired smartphone.

该技术嵌入了多个健康和饮食计划中，可以看到用户在手臂上戴着一个小圆形贴纸，通过皮肤中的小探头食用食物后，提供了有关血糖水平的详细信息，该探针将信息带到配对的智能手机上。

While the devices were developed for and have been used by people with diabetes - a condition which causes persistently high blood sugar - for years.

多年来，糖尿病患者开发了设备并已被糖尿病患者使用（这种疾病）多年了。

But the technology is increasingly being sold to healthy people as a way to find foods that can cause them a worrying "blood spike".

但是，这项技术越来越多地出售给健康的人，以寻找可以使他们令人担忧的“血液尖峰”的食物。

Health brands like Professor Tim Spector's ZOE, which sells its own monitor, say avoiding these spikes can help reduce cravings, limiting the intake of excess calories.

出售自己的显示器的蒂姆·斯佩克特（Tim Spector）教授的佐伊（Tim Spector）教授的卫生品牌说，避免使用这些尖峰可以帮助减少渴望，从而限制了过量卡路里的摄入量。

This, they add, reduces the risk of obesity and its related diseases.

他们补充说，这减少了肥胖及其相关疾病的风险。

But experts said the new study is yet more evidence the devices are unreliable when worn by people who do not have diabetes.

但是专家说，这项新研究是更多证据，当没有糖尿病的人穿着时，设备是不可靠的。

To test them, University of Bath experts took a small group of healthy non-diabetic volunteers, nine women and seven men, who each undertook seven tests.

为了测试他们，巴斯大学专家参加了一小群健康的非糖尿病志愿者，九名女性和七名男子，他们每人都进行了七项测试。

During each visit participants ate either whole fruit, blended fruit, smoothies or a pure glucose product which acted as a control.

在每次拜访期间，参与者都可以用作对照的整个水果，混合水果，冰沙或纯葡萄糖产品。

The 15 volunteers wore a CGM and had medical grade finger prick blood tests taken every 15 minutes for two hours.

15名志愿者穿着CGM，并进行了医疗级手指刺血测试，每15分钟进行两个小时。

Experts then compared the blood sugar reading provided by the CGM to the actual levels recorded by the blood tests.

然后，专家将CGM提供的血糖读数与血液检查记录的实际水平进行了比较。

They found the CGMs they tested, the Abbot Freestyle Libre 2, bumped up blood sugar readings by 30 per cent compared to their real level.

他们发现了他们测试的CGM，Abbot Freestyle Libre 2，与实际水平相比，血糖读数增加了30％。

But the biggest error was in blood sugar spike duration. Scientists found the CGMs overestimated by 400 per cent the length of time a person's blood sugar was raised.

但是最大的错误是血糖峰值持续时间。科学家发现，CGM高估了一个人的血糖的时间长度。

CGMs are said to be unable to measure glucose in blood directly but rather in the fluid surrounding cells, which could be influencing the results

据说CGM无法直接测量血液中的葡萄糖，而是在周围细胞的液体中，这可能会影响结果

He added that problems with CGMs' accuracy had been reported in previous research, adding that the devices appeared to struggle to keep pace with rapid changes in blood sugar.

他补充说，在先前的研究中已经报道了CGMS精度的问题，并补充说，这些设备似乎很难跟上血糖的快速变化。

Writing in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the authors concluded that CGMs are "unlikely" to be a valid way to determine if a food causes high blood sugar or not in people without diabetes.

作者在《美国临床营养杂志》中写道，得出的结论是，CGM“不太可能”成为确定食物是否会导致血糖是否导致没有糖尿病的人的高血糖的有效方法。

Professor Javier Gonzalez, an author of the study and an expert in nutrition and metabolism, said: "For healthy individuals, relying on CGMs could lead to unnecessary food restrictions or poor dietary choices. If you want to assess your blood sugar accurately, traditional methods are still the way to go."

该研究的作者，营养和代谢专家哈维尔·冈萨雷斯（Javier Gonzalez）教授说：“对于健康的人来说，依靠CGM可能会导致不必要的食物限制或饮食中的不良选择。如果您想准确地评估血糖，传统方法，传统方法仍然是要走的路。”

Professor Gonzalez said how much glucose was in this fluid could be influenced by several external factors.

冈萨雷斯教授说，这种液体中有多少葡萄糖受到几个外部因素的影响。

"This can lead to discrepancies due to factors like time delays, blood flow, and how glucose moves between different parts of the body," he said.

他说：“这可能会导致由于时间延迟，血流以及葡萄糖如何在身体不同部位移动等因素而导致的差异。”

Dr Adam Collins, an expert in nutrition at the University of Surrey and who was not involved in the study, said the finding echoed observations his team had made in a similar experiment.

萨里大学营养专家亚当·柯林斯博士（Adam Collins）博士没有参与研究，他说，这一发现与他的团队在类似的实验中做出了回应的观察结果。

"We are in the middle of a similar validation study investigating the accuracy and reliability of CGMS and have observed that discrepancies can be as high as 1-1.5mmol/L," he said.

他说：“我们正处于类似的验证研究中，研究了CGM的准确性和可靠性，并观察到差异可以高达1-1.5mmol/l。”

He said this "misinterpretation and misdiagnosis" among users was leading some to make dietary and lifestyle changes in response to blood sugar readings that were essentially "normal variations".

他说，用户中的这种“误解和误诊”正在导致一些人对饮食和生活方式的改变，以应对本质上是“正常变化”的血糖读数。

Dr Collins added research his team was working on also showed CGMs worn by the same person on different body parts could show different results.

柯林斯博士补充说，他的团队正在进行的研究还显示，同一个人在不同身体部位上穿着的CGM可能会显示出不同的结果。

"For example, differences between having the device fitted on your dominant or non-dominant arm," he said.

他说：“例如，将设备安装在主导或非主导臂上之间的差异。”

Several firms, including the ZOE programme - founded by diet guru Professor Tim Spector - offer the high-tech gadgets, called continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), which track a customer's blood sugar levels via a stick-on patch on their arm

由Diet Guru教授Tim Spector创立的多家公司（包括Zoe计划）提供了高科技小工具，称为连续葡萄糖监测器（CGMS），它们通过手臂上的粘贴贴片跟踪客户的血糖水平

Nicola Guess, an academic dietitian and researcher at the University of Oxford who was not involved in the study, said the results suggested healthy people using CGMs could be led to believe they had a worrying health condition.

牛津大学的学术营养师和研究人员尼古拉·猜没有参与研究，结果表明，使用CGM的健康人员可能会相信他们的健康状况令人担忧。

"The investigators found that CGMs overestimate glucose to a clinically-relevant degree in healthy people without prediabetes or diabetes," she said.

她说：“研究人员发现，在没有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的健康人群中，CGM高估了葡萄糖至临床上的葡萄糖。”

"This means that people who have normal glucose may be led to believe they have prediabetes.

“这意味着患有正常葡萄糖的人可能会相信自己患有糖尿病。

"I would advise people

“我会建议人们