标题：卓越，同事，媒体专家，联合国副部长奥尔加·阿尔加耶罗娃（AD）

通过感谢芬兰，欧安组织秘书处和IFIMES董事的主席，让我分享华盛顿的一些想法[1]关于这个紧迫的话题：

Excellences, colleagues, media specialists, United Nation’s Undersecretary General Olga Algayerova (aD)

卓越，同事，媒体专家，联合国副部长奥尔加·阿尔加耶罗娃（AD）

By thanking the Chairman-in-Office, Finland, OSCE Secretariat and IFIMES Director for this call, let me share few thoughts [1] from Washington on this pressing topic:

通过感谢芬兰，欧安组织秘书处和IFIMES董事的主席，让我分享华盛顿的一些想法[1]关于这个紧迫的话题：

There is a hubris and inappropriate self-confidence among mainstream media that their practices and approaches to media are sound, and new entrants are unsound. They purport to present fact-checked truths while pointing to new media as promulgators of disinformation, poor journalism, AI-assisted deep fakes, and propaganda.

主流媒体中有一个傲慢和不适当的自信心，他们对媒体的实践和方法是合理的，而新的参赛者不健全。他们声称要提出事实检查的真理，同时指出新媒体是虚假信息，新闻业差，AI-AI-Assistist的深层假货和宣传的颁布。

My ‘provocation’ for those of you today attending the OSCE’s conference, that dear friend Anis chars, on the state of journalism and media broadly is that progress in assuring a healthy, socially responsible media consistent with democratic norms cannot come from just clinging to past platforms and norms.

我对今天参加OSCE会议的那些人的“挑衅”，关于新闻和媒体状况的亲爱的朋友Anis Chars，这是确保与民主规范一致的健康，对社会负责的媒体的进步，不能仅仅来自于过去的平台和规范。

Let me offer some perspective on the fragmentation of media and what it means for society.

让我对媒体的分裂及其对社会的意义提供一些观点。

First, the fragmentation of media has been a multi-decade phenomena, driven not only by new digital tools and platforms but, particularly in the United States, by changes in law that previously guaranteed “fair use” of airwaves so that anything that gave air to one political party’s perspective required fair time for the other political party.

首先，媒体的分裂是一种多年的现象，不仅是由新的数字工具和平台所驱动的，而且尤其是在美国，由于以前保证的“合理使用”的法律变更，因此任何使一个政党观点的事物都需要公平的时间，需要公平的时间。

The Supreme Court and U.S. legislators gutted those provisions of fair use requirements long ago, and thus the harnessing of TV, Cable and Radio airwaves, and later blogs, and even leading newspapers and journals by political perspectives took hold.

最高法院和美国立法者很久以前就将那些公平使用要求的规定掩盖了，因此利用了电视，有线电视和广播电波，后来的博客，甚至是通过政治观点的领先报纸和日记。

This has helped fuel the tribalization of perspectives and has driven the “filter bubble” phenomenon of individuals being surrounded and inundated by views that they want to have around them, rather than the generally objective, occasionally uncomfortable form of news that used to inform the body politic. Similar patterns seem clear in the rise of populist news platforms, blogs, and social media networks in Europe.

这有助于推动观点的部落化，并驱动了人们想要在周围拥有的观点包围和淹没的个体的“过滤泡泡”现象，而不是通常客观的，偶尔有时是不舒服的新闻形式，这些新闻被用来告知人体政治。在欧洲的民粹主义新闻平台，博客和社交媒体网络的兴起中，类似的模式似乎很清楚。

Second, the eruption of social media networks, video, and digital tools enhanced not only by artificial intelligence that has been around for some time, but by generative AI, that has created a strategic leap in the power content creators has changed the power relationship between news providers and news consumers.

其次，社交媒体网络，视频和数字工具的爆发不仅通过了已经存在一段时间的人工智能增强，而且通过生成的AI，它在Power Content创建者中创造了战略性飞跃，这改变了新闻提供者与新闻消费者之间的权力关系。

Now many more players, many untutored in the skills and norms of journalism, have become content providers, and that content often seems like or mimics news.

现在，更多的参与者，许多人从事新闻业的技能和规范，已经成为内容提供商，并且内容通常看起来像是或模仿新闻。

I started a successful political blog, The Washington Note, in early 2004, and my target was the mainstream news media as I saw them largely as homogenized, lazy, often missing key stories – and thus my blog at the outset was designed to shame and blame major news media for their own inadequacies and to provide better news and service to my own readers.

我于2004年初创建了一个成功的政治博客《华盛顿笔记》，我的目标是主流新闻媒体，因为我在很大程度上看到了它们的同质化，懒惰，经常缺少关键故事 - 因此，一开始我的博客旨在羞辱和责怪主要的新闻媒体，因为他们自己不足，并为自己的读者提​​供更好的新闻和服务。

Many blogs did this, and thus 20 years ago, the fragmentation of media, in my view, helped improve mainstream media which had to compete and re-establish itself as providers of quality news – a responsibility for which they had been lazy and inattentive.

我认为，许多博客都这样做了，因此，20年前，媒体的分裂有助于改善主流媒体，这些媒体不得不竞争并重新建立自己作为优质新闻提供者，这是他们懒惰和不专心的责任。

However today, the challenges to mainstream media are more messy as the challengers do not necessarily fill the gaps left by a poorly performing mainstream media – they instead often create fake or ‘unreal’ media, deep fakes, memes, or engage in outright propaganda or perpetuate mistruths.

但是，如今，主流媒体面临的挑战更加凌乱，因为挑战者不一定会填补表现不佳的主流媒体所留下的空白 - 而是经常创建假或“虚幻”媒体，深层假货，模因或进行彻底的宣传或彻底宣传或永久化mistruths。

Not all new media do this, but there is no doubt that lots of new media are up for sale, up for political harnessing, up for attention and celebritization of their platforms and content.

并非所有的新媒体都这样做，但是毫无疑问，许多新媒体都在出售，政治利用，以关注和庆祝其平台和内容。

So what to do? I feel that too many governments, think tanks, and public private foundations concerned with news quality have been clutching their pearls too much, lamenting the eroding quality of journalism and news rather than competing head to head with new content providers and low quality new media outlets.

那该怎么办？我觉得与新闻质量有关的政府，智囊团和公共基金会太多了，他们的珍珠太多了，感叹了新闻和新闻的侵蚀质量，而不是竞争新的内容提供商和低质量的新媒体媒体。

It seems clear to me that for media to return to a healthier place and to become part of the solid social contract in democratic societies, they need to evolve.

我似乎很清楚，要使媒体返回一个更健康的地方并成为民主社会中稳固的社会契约的一部分，他们需要发展。

My belief is that the deep fake creations of some media are worrisome but only have impact on vulnerable societies if there is no competition with them. How are old media investing in new tools of story-telling?

我的信念是，某些媒体的深层伪造作品令人担忧，但只有与脆弱的社会没有竞争，只有对脆弱的社会产生影响。旧媒体如何投资于讲故事的新工具？

How are they embracing a less centralized approach to who their story tellers might be?

他们如何拥抱一个不太集中的方法来对他们的故事讲述者的身份？

How could they be promulgating and inculcating a younger generation of content makers with norms about sourcing, about real facts, about objectivity, about the importance of uncomfortable news and not just opinion-reaffirming news or perspectives?

他们如何颁布和灌输年轻一代的内容制造商，以采购，真实事实，客观性，关于令人不安的新闻的重要性，而不仅仅是舆论令人反感的新闻或观点的重要性？

How are they experimenting with all of the new waves of technology coming online to make themselves the more attractive news and content option – thus stealing space and oxygen from those who are faking it and deceiving society.

他们如何尝试在线上的所有新技术浪潮，以使自己成为更具吸引力的新闻和内容选项，从而从那些伪造它并欺骗社会的人那里窃取了空间和氧气。

My sense is that some states, Russia being just one, are taking advantage of this gap between old and new media – and they are exacerbating the negative impacts created by a lack of modernization and vision of traditional media platforms.

我的感觉是，有些州（俄罗斯只是一个州）正在利用新媒体和新媒体之间的差距 - 它们正在加剧由于缺乏现代化和传统媒体平台的愿景而造成的负面影响。

My sense is that for the old media to grow and compete, they need to be part of the

我的感觉是，要使旧媒体成长和竞争，他们需要成为