俄罗斯收紧加密货币控制：卢布至上，严格监管

俄罗斯计划从 9 月 1 日开始对加密货币流通实施严格监管。由阿纳托利·阿克萨科夫（Anatoly Aksakov）领导的新政策旨在限制非俄罗斯数字资产的使用，优先考虑卢布作为主要货币。虽然实验性法律制度之外的加密货币交换和交易将被禁止，但采矿和国际结算存在例外情况。该政策引发了政策制定者之间的争论，他们对监管和潜在的修改持有不同的看法。在全球范围内，加密货币的监管环境仍在不断变化，俄罗斯的举动进一步加剧了国际监管的复杂性。

Russian Government Tightens Grip on Cryptocurrency Landscape: Strict Regulations to Enforce Ruble Primacy

俄罗斯政府加强对加密货币格局的控制：严格监管以确保卢布的主导地位

Moscow, Russia - The Russian government, led by Anatoly Aksakov, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on the Financial Market, is poised to implement stringent regulations on the circulation of cryptocurrencies starting September 1st. This policy shift marks a concerted effort to assert control over the cryptocurrency landscape and elevate the ruble as the dominant currency within the nation.

俄罗斯莫斯科 - 由国家杜马金融市场委员会主席阿纳托利·阿克萨科夫 (Anatoly Aksakov) 领导的俄罗斯政府准备从 9 月 1 日起对加密货币的流通实施严格的监管。这一政策转变标志着各方共同努力，以维护对加密货币格局的控制，并将卢布提升为国内的主导货币。

Aksakov, spearheading this legislative overhaul, emphasized the necessity of these measures, stating, "Digital financial assets issued in Russian jurisdiction, and digital rubles will be allowed. The need for a ban is due to the fact that today cryptocurrency is a quasi-currency that replaces the ruble in the country. But only the Russian ruble fulfills the mission of the monetary unit, so this decision has been made."

阿克萨科夫带头进行了这项立法改革，他强调了这些措施的必要性，他表示：“在俄罗斯管辖范围内发行的数字金融资产和数字卢布将被允许。之所以需要禁令，是因为如今加密货币是一种准货币。但只有俄罗斯卢布才能履行货币单位的使命，因此做出了这一决定。”

Legislative Framework and Exceptions

立法框架和例外情况

The forthcoming legislation will restrict the utilization of non-Russian digital assets, effectively promoting the ruble as the primary currency within the Russian Federation. However, notable exceptions have been carved out for specific activities within the cryptocurrency sector. The bill does not outright prohibit cryptocurrencies but rather targets the establishment of crypto exchanges and other platforms that facilitate cryptocurrency transactions outside the scope of a newly established experimental legal regime.

即将出台的立法将限制非俄罗斯数字资产的使用，有效促进卢布作为俄罗斯联邦境内的主要货币。然而，加密货币领域内的特定活动存在明显的例外情况。该法案并没有完全禁止加密货币，而是针对建立加密货币交易所和其他平台，以促进新建立的实验性法律制度范围之外的加密货币交易。

Anton Gorelkin, a member of the State Duma, clarified, "Of course, the circulation of cryptocurrencies will not be banned. The creation of exchanges outside the zone of the experimental legal regime will fall under the ban."

国家杜马议员安东·戈雷尔金澄清说：“当然，加密货币的流通不会被禁止。在实验性法律制度区域之外创建交易所将受到禁令的限制。”

Cryptocurrency mining, a substantial contributor to Russia's tax revenues, will also enjoy tailored exceptions. Statista reports that Russian crypto miners have generated over $2.59 billion in liquidity for foreign trade settlements, underscoring the economic significance of this sector.

加密货币挖矿是俄罗斯税收的重要贡献者，也将享受量身定制的例外。 Statista 报告称，俄罗斯加密货币矿商已为外贸结算产生了超过 25.9 亿美元的流动性，凸显了该行业的经济重要性。

Policy Debates and Divergent Views

政策辩论和不同观点

The policy has ignited a robust internal debate among Russian policymakers. Artem Kiryanov, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Economic Policy, stressed the importance of precise, clear regulations, codified digitally to ensure consistent judicial enforcement.

该政策引发了俄罗斯决策者内部的激烈争论。国家杜马经济政策委员会副主席阿尔乔姆·基里亚诺夫强调了精确、明确的法规的重要性，并以数字方式编纂，以确保司法执行的一致性。

In contrast, Russia's Finance Minister, Anton Siluanov, advocates for a moderated stance that would allow the use of cryptocurrencies in both domestic and international transactions, potentially easing the strictures of the new law.

相比之下，俄罗斯财政部长安东·西卢阿诺夫（Anton Siluanov）主张采取温和的立场，允许在国内和国际交易中使用加密货币，这可能会放松新法律的限制。

Elvira Nabiullina, Head of the Bank of Russia, has expressed support for the experimental use of cryptocurrencies in international settlements, indicating a possible softening in certain areas of the financial landscape.

俄罗斯央行行长埃尔维拉·纳比乌林娜 (Elvira Nabiullina) 表示支持在国际结算中试验性使用加密货币，这表明金融格局的某些领域可能会软化。

Global Context and Market Impact

全球背景和市场影响

The global cryptocurrency market has experienced volatility influenced by regulatory changes worldwide. China's comprehensive ban on cryptocurrencies and mining significantly impacted the global market. However, Russia's cryptocurrency market, smaller in comparison to China's during its peak, is unlikely to provoke a similarly dramatic global effect due to the planned restrictions.

受全球监管变化的影响，全球加密货币市场经历了波动。中国对加密货币和挖矿的全面禁令对全球市场产生了重大影响。然而，与高峰时期的中国相比，俄罗斯的加密货币市场规模较小，由于计划中的限制，不太可能引发类似的巨大全球影响。

The US Department of Treasury has reported that Russian entities have procured military technology components using cryptocurrencies, particularly Tether's USDT. This underscores the potential for misuse of cryptocurrencies in illicit activities.

美国财政部报告称，俄罗斯实体已使用加密货币（尤其是 Tether 的 USDT）采购军事技术组件。这凸显了在非法活动中滥用加密货币的可能性。

Conclusion

结论

The Russian government's pending regulations on cryptocurrency circulation represent a significant step towards asserting control over the digital asset landscape and reaffirming the ruble's dominance. The exceptions carved out for specific activities and the ongoing policy debates indicate a nuanced approach, balancing economic considerations with regulatory imperatives. As the cryptocurrency market continues to evolve, the impact of Russia's regulatory framework will be closely monitored, with implications for both the domestic and global financial landscape.

俄罗斯政府悬而未决的加密货币流通法规是朝着控制数字资产格局和重申卢布主导地位迈出的重要一步。针对特定活动制定的例外情况和正在进行的政策辩论表明了一种细致入微的方法，平衡了经济考虑与监管要求。随着加密货币市场的不断发展，俄罗斯监管框架的影响将受到密切监控，这对国内和全球金融格局都有影响。