俄羅斯收緊加密貨幣控制：盧布至上，嚴格監管

俄羅斯計劃從 9 月 1 日開始對加密貨幣流通實施嚴格監管。由阿納托利·阿克薩科夫（Anatoly Aksakov）領導的新政策旨在限制非俄羅斯數位資產的使用，並優先考慮盧布作為主要貨幣。雖然實驗性法律制度以外的加密貨幣交換和交易將被禁止，但採礦和國際結算存在例外。該政策引發了政策制定者之間的爭論，他們對監管和潛在的修改持有不同的看法。在全球範圍內，加密貨幣的監管環境仍在不斷變化，俄羅斯的舉動進一步加劇了國際監管的複雜性。

Russian Government Tightens Grip on Cryptocurrency Landscape: Strict Regulations to Enforce Ruble Primacy

俄羅斯政府加強對加密貨幣格局的控制：嚴格監管以確保盧布的主導地位

Moscow, Russia - The Russian government, led by Anatoly Aksakov, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on the Financial Market, is poised to implement stringent regulations on the circulation of cryptocurrencies starting September 1st. This policy shift marks a concerted effort to assert control over the cryptocurrency landscape and elevate the ruble as the dominant currency within the nation.

俄羅斯莫斯科 - 由國家杜馬金融市場委員會主席阿納托利·阿克薩科夫 (Anatoly Aksakov) 領導的俄羅斯政府準備從 9 月 1 日起對加密貨幣的流通實施嚴格的監管。這項政策轉變標誌著各方共同努力，以維護對加密貨幣格局的控制，並將盧布提升為國內的主導貨幣。

Aksakov, spearheading this legislative overhaul, emphasized the necessity of these measures, stating, "Digital financial assets issued in Russian jurisdiction, and digital rubles will be allowed. The need for a ban is due to the fact that today cryptocurrency is a quasi-currency that replaces the ruble in the country. But only the Russian ruble fulfills the mission of the monetary unit, so this decision has been made."

阿克薩科夫帶頭進行了這項立法改革，他強調了這些措施的必要性，他表示：「在俄羅斯管轄範圍內發行的數位金融資產和數位盧布將被允許。之所以需要禁令，是因為如今加密貨幣是一種準貨幣。

Legislative Framework and Exceptions

立法框架和例外情況

The forthcoming legislation will restrict the utilization of non-Russian digital assets, effectively promoting the ruble as the primary currency within the Russian Federation. However, notable exceptions have been carved out for specific activities within the cryptocurrency sector. The bill does not outright prohibit cryptocurrencies but rather targets the establishment of crypto exchanges and other platforms that facilitate cryptocurrency transactions outside the scope of a newly established experimental legal regime.

即將出台的立法將限制非俄羅斯數位資產的使用，有效促進盧布作為俄羅斯聯邦境內的主要貨幣。然而，加密貨幣領域內的特定活動有明顯的例外。該法案並沒有完全禁止加密貨幣，而是針對建立加密貨幣交易所和其他平台，以促進新建立的實驗性法律制度範圍之外的加密貨幣交易。

Anton Gorelkin, a member of the State Duma, clarified, "Of course, the circulation of cryptocurrencies will not be banned. The creation of exchanges outside the zone of the experimental legal regime will fall under the ban."

國家杜馬議員安東·戈雷爾金澄清說：“當然，加密貨幣的流通不會被禁止。在實驗性法律制度區域之外創建交易所將受到禁令的限制。”

Cryptocurrency mining, a substantial contributor to Russia's tax revenues, will also enjoy tailored exceptions. Statista reports that Russian crypto miners have generated over $2.59 billion in liquidity for foreign trade settlements, underscoring the economic significance of this sector.

加密貨幣挖礦是俄羅斯稅收的重要貢獻者，也將享受量身定制的例外。 Statista 報告稱，俄羅斯加密貨幣礦商已為外貿結算產生了超過 25.9 億美元的流動性，凸顯了該產業的經濟重要性。

Policy Debates and Divergent Views

政策辯論和不同觀點

The policy has ignited a robust internal debate among Russian policymakers. Artem Kiryanov, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Economic Policy, stressed the importance of precise, clear regulations, codified digitally to ensure consistent judicial enforcement.

該政策引發了俄羅斯決策者內部的激烈爭論。國家杜馬經濟政策委員會副主席阿爾喬姆·基里亞諾夫強調了精確、明確的法規的重要性，並以數位方式編纂，以確保司法執行的一致性。

In contrast, Russia's Finance Minister, Anton Siluanov, advocates for a moderated stance that would allow the use of cryptocurrencies in both domestic and international transactions, potentially easing the strictures of the new law.

相較之下，俄羅斯財政部長安東·西盧阿諾夫（Anton Siluanov）主張採取溫和的立場，允許在國內和國際交易中使用加密貨幣，這可能會放鬆新法律的限制。

Elvira Nabiullina, Head of the Bank of Russia, has expressed support for the experimental use of cryptocurrencies in international settlements, indicating a possible softening in certain areas of the financial landscape.

俄羅斯央行行長 Elvira Nabiullina 表示支持在國際結算中試驗性使用加密貨幣，這表明金融格局的某些領域可能會軟化。

Global Context and Market Impact

全球背景和市場影響

The global cryptocurrency market has experienced volatility influenced by regulatory changes worldwide. China's comprehensive ban on cryptocurrencies and mining significantly impacted the global market. However, Russia's cryptocurrency market, smaller in comparison to China's during its peak, is unlikely to provoke a similarly dramatic global effect due to the planned restrictions.

受全球監管變化的影響，全球加密貨幣市場經歷了波動。中國對加密貨幣和挖礦的全面禁令對全球市場產生了重大影響。然而，與高峰時期的中國相比，俄羅斯的加密貨幣市場規模較小，由於計畫中的限制，不太可能引發類似的巨大全球影響。

The US Department of Treasury has reported that Russian entities have procured military technology components using cryptocurrencies, particularly Tether's USDT. This underscores the potential for misuse of cryptocurrencies in illicit activities.

美國財政部報告稱，俄羅斯實體已使用加密貨幣（尤其是 Tether 的 USDT）採購軍事技術組件。這凸顯了在非法活動中濫用加密貨幣的可能性。

Conclusion

結論

The Russian government's pending regulations on cryptocurrency circulation represent a significant step towards asserting control over the digital asset landscape and reaffirming the ruble's dominance. The exceptions carved out for specific activities and the ongoing policy debates indicate a nuanced approach, balancing economic considerations with regulatory imperatives. As the cryptocurrency market continues to evolve, the impact of Russia's regulatory framework will be closely monitored, with implications for both the domestic and global financial landscape.

俄羅斯政府懸而未決的加密貨幣流通法規是朝著控制數位資產格局和重申盧布主導地位邁出的重要一步。針對特定活動制定的例外情況和正在進行的政策辯論表明了一種細緻的方法，平衡了經濟考慮與監管要求。隨著加密貨幣市場的不斷發展，俄羅斯監管框架的影響將受到密切監控，這對國內和全球金融格局都有影響。