俄罗斯求助于比特币和其他加密货币来规避制裁并促进与中国和印度的石油贸易

在对乌克兰战争的持续制裁中，俄罗斯已转向比特币和其他加密货币，以促进其与主要买家中国和印度的一些石油贸易。

Amid ongoing sanctions over the war in Ukraine, Russia has turned to bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies to facilitate some of its oil trade with major buyers China and India, according to a Reuters report.

根据路透社的报告，在对乌克兰战争的持续制裁中，俄罗斯已转向比特币和其他加密货币，以促进其与主要买家中国和印度的一些石油贸易。

The report notes that Russian oil companies and traders are increasingly engaging in transactions using bitcoin and crypto to circumvent restrictions imposed by Western nations. Sources familiar with the matter say that monthly trade volumes are already reaching tens of millions of dollars.

该报告指出，俄罗斯石油公司和贸易商越来越多地使用比特币和加密货币进行交易，以规避西方国家对西方国家施加的限制。熟悉此事的消息来源说，每月的贸易量已经达到数千万美元。

The transactions typically begin with Chinese or Indian buyers purchasing oil and depositing yuan or rupees into an offshore account owned by a middleman company, usually in Hong Kong or an Indian Ocean island.

交易通常始于中国或印度买家购买石油并将元或卢比存放到一个通常在香港或印度洋岛的中间人公司拥有的离岸帐户中。

The middleman then converts the fiat currency into bitcoin or another cryptocurrency and transfers the crypto to an account in Russia, usually with a bank or trusted intermediary. The final step involves exchanging the crypto into rubles in Russia to complete the payment for the oil.

然后，中间人将法定货币转换为比特币或其他加密货币，并将加密货币转移到俄罗斯的一个帐户，通常是在银行或可信赖的中介中。最后一步涉及将加密货币交换成俄罗斯的卢布，以完成对石油的付款。

While crypto-based oil payments are still a small part of Russia's total oil trade, which amounted to $192 billion in 2024, the practice is growing as sanctions are having an impact.

虽然基于加密货币的石油支付仍然是俄罗斯总石油贸易的一小部分，该石油贸易在2024年为1920亿美元，但随着制裁的影响，这种做法正在增长。

The report further mentions that Iran and Venezuela have also adopted similar crypto strategies to continue their oil and gas trade despite U.S. sanctions. Bitcoin and crypto's properties of censorship resistance and open networks enable value transfer and transactions even where traditional financial systems are blocked or restricted.

该报告进一步提到，尽管采取了制裁，伊朗和委内瑞拉也采用了类似的加密策略来继续其石油和天然气贸易。比特币和加密对审查制度抵抗和开放网络的特性即使在传统金融系统被阻止或限制的情况下也能够转移和交易。

In late 2024, Russia's finance minister, Anton Siluanov, publicly endorsed using crypto in foreign trade to circumvent Western sanctions. The Kremlin is considering several strategies to overcome financial penalties imposed over the invasion of Ukraine, and bitcoin and crypto are among the options being explored.

2024年下半年，俄罗斯的财政部长安东·西鲁阿诺夫（Anton Siluanov）公开认可了在外贸中使用加密货币，以规避西方制裁。克里姆林宫正在考虑克服对乌克兰入侵施加的经济罚款的几种策略，而比特币和加密货币正在探索。

The Bank of Russia recently went a step further and proposed legalizing crypto investments for wealthy citizens to diversify their assets beyond traditional instruments. However, direct citizen crypto trading would require a complete ban on offshore outflows, which are currently used to evade Russian taxes and legal obligations.

俄罗斯银行最近迈出了进一步的一步，并提议将加密货币投资合法化，以使富裕公民将其资产超越传统工具的多样化。但是，直接公民加密交易将需要完全禁止海上流出，目前用于逃避俄罗斯税和法律义务。

Despite the growing use of crypto, Russia's oil trade still relies primarily on fiat currencies, and President Donald Trump's administration is debating whether to ease some restrictions on Russia to improve relations.

尽管使用加密货币，但俄罗斯的石油贸易仍然主要依赖法定货币，唐纳德·特朗普总统的政府正在辩论是否要减轻对俄罗斯改善关系的限制。

As the Ukraine conflict continues and Russia seeks to reduce its reliance on traditional finance and dollar settlements, the pivot toward bitcoin and decentralized technologies appears to be a natural step. It remains to be seen how closely other countries under U.S. sanctions will be monitored.

随着乌克兰冲突的继续，俄罗斯试图减少其对传统金融和美元和解的依赖，对比特币和分散技术的枢纽似乎是自然的一步。在美国制裁下的其他国家将受到多大监控，还有待观察。