俄羅斯求助於比特幣和其他加密貨幣來規避制裁併促進與中國和印度的石油貿易

在對烏克蘭戰爭的持續制裁中，俄羅斯已轉向比特幣和其他加密貨幣，以促進其與主要買家中國和印度的一些石油貿易。

Amid ongoing sanctions over the war in Ukraine, Russia has turned to bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies to facilitate some of its oil trade with major buyers China and India, according to a Reuters report.

根據路透社的報告，在對烏克蘭戰爭的持續制裁中，俄羅斯已轉向比特幣和其他加密貨幣，以促進其與主要買家中國和印度的一些石油貿易。

The report notes that Russian oil companies and traders are increasingly engaging in transactions using bitcoin and crypto to circumvent restrictions imposed by Western nations. Sources familiar with the matter say that monthly trade volumes are already reaching tens of millions of dollars.

該報告指出，俄羅斯石油公司和貿易商越來越多地使用比特幣和加密貨幣進行交易，以規避西方國家對西方國家施加的限制。熟悉此事的消息來源說，每月的貿易量已經達到數千萬美元。

The transactions typically begin with Chinese or Indian buyers purchasing oil and depositing yuan or rupees into an offshore account owned by a middleman company, usually in Hong Kong or an Indian Ocean island.

交易通常始於中國或印度買家購買石油並將元或盧比存放到一個通常在香港或印度洋島的中間人公司擁有的離岸帳戶中。

The middleman then converts the fiat currency into bitcoin or another cryptocurrency and transfers the crypto to an account in Russia, usually with a bank or trusted intermediary. The final step involves exchanging the crypto into rubles in Russia to complete the payment for the oil.

然後，中間人將法定貨幣轉換為比特幣或其他加密貨幣，並將加密貨幣轉移到俄羅斯的一個帳戶，通常是在銀行或可信賴的中介中。最後一步涉及將加密貨幣交換成俄羅斯的盧布，以完成對石油的付款。

While crypto-based oil payments are still a small part of Russia's total oil trade, which amounted to $192 billion in 2024, the practice is growing as sanctions are having an impact.

雖然基於加密貨幣的石油支付仍然是俄羅斯總石油貿易的一小部分，該石油貿易在2024年為1920億美元，但隨著制裁的影響，這種做法正在增長。

The report further mentions that Iran and Venezuela have also adopted similar crypto strategies to continue their oil and gas trade despite U.S. sanctions. Bitcoin and crypto's properties of censorship resistance and open networks enable value transfer and transactions even where traditional financial systems are blocked or restricted.

該報告進一步提到，儘管採取了製裁，伊朗和委內瑞拉也採用了類似的加密策略來繼續其石油和天然氣貿易。比特幣和加密對審查制度抵抗和開放網絡的特性即使在傳統金融系統被阻止或限制的情況下也能夠轉移和交易。

In late 2024, Russia's finance minister, Anton Siluanov, publicly endorsed using crypto in foreign trade to circumvent Western sanctions. The Kremlin is considering several strategies to overcome financial penalties imposed over the invasion of Ukraine, and bitcoin and crypto are among the options being explored.

2024年下半年，俄羅斯的財政部長安東·西魯阿諾夫（Anton Siluanov）公開認可了在外貿中使用加密貨幣，以規避西方制裁。克里姆林宮正在考慮克服對烏克蘭入侵施加的經濟罰款的幾種策略，而比特幣和加密貨幣正在探索。

The Bank of Russia recently went a step further and proposed legalizing crypto investments for wealthy citizens to diversify their assets beyond traditional instruments. However, direct citizen crypto trading would require a complete ban on offshore outflows, which are currently used to evade Russian taxes and legal obligations.

俄羅斯銀行最近邁出了進一步的一步，並提議將加密貨幣投資合法化，以使富裕公民將其資產超越傳統工具的多樣化。但是，直接公民加密交易將需要完全禁止海上流出，目前用於逃避俄羅斯稅和法律義務。

Despite the growing use of crypto, Russia's oil trade still relies primarily on fiat currencies, and President Donald Trump's administration is debating whether to ease some restrictions on Russia to improve relations.

儘管使用加密貨幣，但俄羅斯的石油貿易仍然主要依賴法定貨幣，唐納德·特朗普總統的政府正在辯論是否要減輕對俄羅斯改善關係的限制。

As the Ukraine conflict continues and Russia seeks to reduce its reliance on traditional finance and dollar settlements, the pivot toward bitcoin and decentralized technologies appears to be a natural step. It remains to be seen how closely other countries under U.S. sanctions will be monitored.

隨著烏克蘭衝突的繼續，俄羅斯試圖減少其對傳統金融和美元和解的依賴，對比特幣和分散技術的樞紐似乎是自然的一步。在美國製裁下的其他國家將受到多大監控，還有待觀察。