显微镜检查后，研究人员意识到四个古代硬币上的划痕仅仅是由于正常的磨损。

一组研究人员在显微镜下看着四个古老的硬币后，意识到硬币的划痕仅仅是由于循环正常而造成的。

A team of researchers examining four ancient coins in a laboratory realized the tiny specks on the coins weren't dust motes but rather scratches from the microscope's lens, a finding that has led them to speculate about a lesser-known emperor from Roman times.

一组研究人员在一个实验室中检查四个古代硬币的团队意识到硬币上的微小斑点不是尘埃，而是从显微镜的镜头上划痕，这一发现使他们推测了来自罗马时代鲜为人知的皇帝。

The researchers, from the Swedish National Museum of Antiquities in Stockholm, said in a statement that they discovered the flubs after zooming in on images of the coins, which were minted during the reign of Emperor Valerian in the mid-third century A.D. in the province of Dacia on the lower reaches of the Carpathian Mountains, now part of Romania.

来自斯德哥尔摩瑞典国家古物博物馆的研究人员在一份声明中说，他们发现了硬币的图像后发现了这些烟雾，这些货币是在瓦莱里安皇帝统治期间在公元三世纪中叶皇帝统治期间在戴西亚（Dacia）省的瓦莱里安人统治期间，现在是帕尔索斯山脉（Carpathian Mountains of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Carpathian Mountains of Carpathian Mountains of。

The coins bore the inscription "Sponsian," a name that has puzzled researchers for decades. Some believe it refers to a colleague of Valerian's, while others speculate it might be a fabrication by later coin collectors.

硬币带有铭文“摇头人”，这个名字使研究人员困惑了数十年。有些人认为这是指瓦莱里安（Valerian's）的同事，而另一些人则推测这可能是后来的硬币收藏家的制造。

However, the new study, published in the journal Classical Numismatic Society Journal, suggests that Sponsian might have been a local military leader who assumed the title of emperor in the absence of a suitable candidate.

但是，这项发表在《古典钱币学会杂志》杂志上的新研究表明，在没有合适的候选人的情况下，宣讲者可能是当地的军事领导人，他在皇帝的头衔中扮演了皇帝的头衔。

"We are placing Sponsian in the context of a provincial, military and political crisis, the outcome of which was the creation of an autonomous imperial personage in a period of anarchy," the researchers wrote.

研究人员写道：“我们正在将倡导者安置在省级，军事和政治危机的背景下，其结果是在无政府状态时期创造了自主帝国人物。”

The researchers noted that the empire was then embroiled in civil war, with Valerian fighting in the east against the Sassanid Empire, while a usurper, Aelius Catilius, threatened in the north.

研究人员指出，帝国当时被卷入内战，瓦莱里亚人在东方与萨萨尼德帝国作战，而篡夺者阿利乌斯·卡蒂利乌斯（Aelius Catilius）在北部受到威胁。

Meanwhile, Dacia, a distant and heavily defended outpost, was left to fend for itself, dealing with the threat of invaders and an outbreak of plague.

同时，达西亚（Dacia）是一个遥远而严重的捍卫前哨基地，他被留下来自我抵制，应对入侵者的威胁和瘟疫的爆发。

"The empire was in chaos at the time, with civil war, a usurper in the north, and the main emperor fighting in the east," said one of the researchers, Jesper Ericsson. "We are placing Sponsian in the context of a provincial, military and political crisis, the outcome of which was the creation of an autonomous imperial personage in a period of anarchy."

一位研究人员杰斯珀·爱立信（Jesper Ericsson）说：“帝国当时在混乱中，内战，北部的篡夺者以及东方的主要皇帝战斗。” “我们正在将倡导者安置在省级，军事和政治危机的背景下，其结果是在无政府状态时期创造了自主帝国人物。”

As the researchers zoomed in on images of the coins, they realized that the tiny specks they had been attributing to dust motes were actually scratches from the microscope's lens. This finding led them to reexamine their hypothesis about the coins and the time period in which they were minted.

随着研究人员放大硬币的图像，他们意识到，他们归因于尘埃的微小斑点实际上是显微镜镜头的划痕。这一发现使他们对硬币及其铸造时间的假设进行了重新检查。

"We began to see that the coins were not in optimal condition, with several scratches and a generally poor surface," said one of the researchers, Helen Pearson. "This is normal wear and tear for coins that have been in circulation for so long."

一位研究人员海伦·皮尔森（Helen Pearson）说：“我们开始看到硬币没有最佳状态，有几个划痕和通常较差的表面。” “这是循环持续很长时间的硬币的正常磨损。”

The researchers also pointed out that the coins bore no mint mark, which was usually included on coins of the period, and that they were minted from an unusual metal alloy.

研究人员还指出，硬币没有薄荷标记，通常包括在该时期的硬币上，并且它们是从异常金属合金中铸造的。

"In order to create a functioning economy in the province they decided to mint their own coins," Pearson said. "They may not have known who the actual emperor was because there was civil war. But what they needed was a supreme military commander in the absence of real power from Rome. He took command at a period when command was needed."

皮尔森说：“为了在该省建立一个运转良好的经济，他们决定铸造自己的硬币。” “他们可能不知道实际皇帝是谁是因为有内战。但是，在没有罗马的真正权力的情况下，他们需要的是最高军事指挥官。他在需要指挥的时期接任指挥。”

The researchers concluded that Sponsian was most likely a local military leader who assumed the title of emperor in order to maintain order and stability in Dacia during a time of great upheaval.

研究人员得出的结论是，倡导者很可能是当地的军事领导人，他在巨大的动荡时期夺取了皇帝的头衔，以维持达西亚的秩序和稳定。

"Our interpretation is that he was in charge to maintain control of the military and of the civilian population because they were surrounded and completely cut off," Ericsson said.

爱立信说：“我们的解释是，他负责维持军事和平民的控制，因为他们被包围并完全切断了。”

The researchers' findings are sure to spark debate among numismaticists and historians, but they provide a new and intriguing perspective on a lesser-known chapter of Roman history.

研究人员的发现肯定会引发钱币主义者和历史学家之间的辩论，但它们为罗马历史上鲜为人知的章节提供了一个新的有趣的观点。