顯微鏡檢查後，研究人員意識到四個古代硬幣上的划痕僅僅是由於正常的磨損。

一組研究人員在顯微鏡下看著四個古老的硬幣後，意識到硬幣的划痕僅僅是由於循環正常而造成的。

A team of researchers examining four ancient coins in a laboratory realized the tiny specks on the coins weren't dust motes but rather scratches from the microscope's lens, a finding that has led them to speculate about a lesser-known emperor from Roman times.

一組研究人員在一個實驗室中檢查四個古代硬幣的團隊意識到硬幣上的微小斑點不是塵埃，而是從顯微鏡的鏡頭上划痕，這一發現使他們推測了來自羅馬時代鮮為人知的皇帝。

The researchers, from the Swedish National Museum of Antiquities in Stockholm, said in a statement that they discovered the flubs after zooming in on images of the coins, which were minted during the reign of Emperor Valerian in the mid-third century A.D. in the province of Dacia on the lower reaches of the Carpathian Mountains, now part of Romania.

來自斯德哥爾摩瑞典國家古物博物館的研究人員在一份聲明中說，他們發現了硬幣的圖像後發現了這些煙霧，這些貨幣是在瓦萊里安皇帝統治期間在公元三世紀中葉皇帝統治期間在戴西亞（Dacia）省的瓦萊里安人統治期間，現在是帕爾索斯山脈（Carpathian Mountains of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Romania of Carpathian Mountains of Carpathian Mountains of。

The coins bore the inscription "Sponsian," a name that has puzzled researchers for decades. Some believe it refers to a colleague of Valerian's, while others speculate it might be a fabrication by later coin collectors.

硬幣帶有銘文“搖頭人”，這個名字使研究人員困惑了數十年。有些人認為這是指瓦萊里安（Valerian's）的同事，而另一些人則推測這可能是後來的硬幣收藏家的製造。

However, the new study, published in the journal Classical Numismatic Society Journal, suggests that Sponsian might have been a local military leader who assumed the title of emperor in the absence of a suitable candidate.

但是，這項發表在《古典錢幣學會雜誌》雜誌上的新研究表明，在沒有合適的候選人的情況下，宣講者可能是當地的軍事領導人，他在皇帝的頭銜中扮演了皇帝的頭銜。

"We are placing Sponsian in the context of a provincial, military and political crisis, the outcome of which was the creation of an autonomous imperial personage in a period of anarchy," the researchers wrote.

研究人員寫道：“我們正在將倡導者安置在省級，軍事和政治危機的背景下，其結果是在無政府狀態時期創造了自主帝國人物。”

The researchers noted that the empire was then embroiled in civil war, with Valerian fighting in the east against the Sassanid Empire, while a usurper, Aelius Catilius, threatened in the north.

研究人員指出，帝國當時被捲入內戰，瓦萊里亞人在東方與薩薩尼德帝國作戰，而篡奪者阿利烏斯·卡蒂利烏斯（Aelius Catilius）在北部受到威脅。

Meanwhile, Dacia, a distant and heavily defended outpost, was left to fend for itself, dealing with the threat of invaders and an outbreak of plague.

同時，達西亞（Dacia）是一個遙遠而嚴重的捍衛前哨基地，他被留下來自我抵制，應對入侵者的威脅和瘟疫的爆發。

"The empire was in chaos at the time, with civil war, a usurper in the north, and the main emperor fighting in the east," said one of the researchers, Jesper Ericsson. "We are placing Sponsian in the context of a provincial, military and political crisis, the outcome of which was the creation of an autonomous imperial personage in a period of anarchy."

一位研究人員傑斯珀·愛立信（Jesper Ericsson）說：“帝國當時在混亂中，內戰，北部的篡奪者以及東方的主要皇帝戰鬥。” “我們正在將倡導者安置在省級，軍事和政治危機的背景下，其結果是在無政府狀態時期創造了自主帝國人物。”

As the researchers zoomed in on images of the coins, they realized that the tiny specks they had been attributing to dust motes were actually scratches from the microscope's lens. This finding led them to reexamine their hypothesis about the coins and the time period in which they were minted.

隨著研究人員放大硬幣的圖像，他們意識到，他們歸因於塵埃的微小斑點實際上是顯微鏡鏡頭的划痕。這一發現使他們對硬幣及其鑄造時間的假設進行了重新檢查。

"We began to see that the coins were not in optimal condition, with several scratches and a generally poor surface," said one of the researchers, Helen Pearson. "This is normal wear and tear for coins that have been in circulation for so long."

一位研究人員海倫·皮爾森（Helen Pearson）說：“我們開始看到硬幣沒有最佳狀態，有幾個划痕和通常較差的表面。” “這是循環持續很長時間的硬幣的正常磨損。”

The researchers also pointed out that the coins bore no mint mark, which was usually included on coins of the period, and that they were minted from an unusual metal alloy.

研究人員還指出，硬幣沒有薄荷標記，通常包括在該時期的硬幣上，並且它們是從異常金屬合金中鑄造的。

"In order to create a functioning economy in the province they decided to mint their own coins," Pearson said. "They may not have known who the actual emperor was because there was civil war. But what they needed was a supreme military commander in the absence of real power from Rome. He took command at a period when command was needed."

皮爾森說：“為了在該省建立一個運轉良好的經濟，他們決定鑄造自己的硬幣。” “他們可能不知道實際皇帝是誰是因為有內戰。但是，在沒有羅馬的真正權力的情況下，他們需要的是最高軍事指揮官。他在需要指揮的時期接任指揮。”

The researchers concluded that Sponsian was most likely a local military leader who assumed the title of emperor in order to maintain order and stability in Dacia during a time of great upheaval.

研究人員得出的結論是，倡導者很可能是當地的軍事領導人，他在巨大的動盪時期奪取了皇帝的頭銜，以維持達西亞的秩序和穩定。

"Our interpretation is that he was in charge to maintain control of the military and of the civilian population because they were surrounded and completely cut off," Ericsson said.

愛立信說：“我們的解釋是，他負責維持軍事和平民的控制，因為他們被包圍並完全切斷了。”

The researchers' findings are sure to spark debate among numismaticists and historians, but they provide a new and intriguing perspective on a lesser-known chapter of Roman history.

研究人員的發現肯定會引發錢幣主義者和歷史學家之間的辯論，但它們為羅馬歷史上鮮為人知的章節提供了一個新的有趣的觀點。