韩国代理总统被弹劾，政治危机加深

韩国总统及其继任者因实施戒严令失败而双双被罢黜，不断加深的政治动荡正在威胁该国的货币并动摇对其经济的信心。

South Korea's currency and economic confidence have been battered by deepening political turmoil, after the country's president and his replacement were both deposed over a failed bid to impose martial law.

韩国总统及其继任者因实施戒严令失败而被罢黜，该国的货币和经济信心因政治动荡的加深而受到打击。

The won, which plunged Friday to its lowest level against the dollar since 2009, has been in nearly constant decline since President Yoon Suk Yeol's attempt to scrap civilian rule in early December.

韩元兑美元周五暴跌至2009年以来的最低水平，自12月初总统尹锡烈试图废除文官统治以来，韩元几乎一直在下跌。

And business and consumer confidence in Asia's fourth-largest economy have taken their biggest hit since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, according to figures released by the Bank of Korea.

韩国央行公布的数据显示，亚洲第四大经济体的企业和消费者信心遭受了自 Covid-19 大流行开始以来的最大打击。

Lawmakers impeached Yoon in mid-December on charges of insurrection, and on Friday they impeached his successor, acting president and prime minister Han Duck-soo, arguing that he refused demands to complete Yoon's removal from office and bring him to justice.

议员们于12月中旬以叛乱罪弹劾尹正，并于周五弹劾他的继任者、代总统兼总理韩德洙，称他拒绝完成尹正的免职并将其绳之以法。

That thrust Finance Minister Choi Sang-mok into the additional roles of acting president and prime minister.

这促使财政部长崔尚木兼任代理总统和总理。

Choi has pledged to do all he can to end "this period of turmoil" and resolve the political crisis gripping the country.

崔总统承诺将尽其所能结束“这段动荡时期”并解决困扰该国的政治危机。

- Constitutional question –

- 宪法问题 -

At the heart of the stalemate is the Constitutional Court, which will decide whether to uphold parliament's decision to impeach Yoon.

僵局的核心是宪法法院，它将决定是否维持议会弹劾尹的决定。

It must do so by a two-thirds majority, however. And because three of the court's nine seats are currently vacant, a unanimous vote is required to confirm the suspended president's removal.

然而，它必须以三分之二多数票通过。而且由于法院的九个席位中的三个目前空缺，因此需要一致投票才能确认被停职的总统的免职。

Otherwise, Yoon will be automatically returned to office.

否则，尹将自动返回办公室。

Lawmakers on Thursday nominated three judges to fill the vacant seats, but acting president Han refused to approve them, precipitating his own impeachment.

立法者周四提名了三名法官来填补空缺席位，但代理总统韩拒绝批准他们，从而引发了他自己的弹劾。

After an acrimonious day in which lawmakers from Yoon's party erupted in protest, the country's newest acting president sought to project calm.

在尹恩惠所在政党的议员们爆发抗议的激烈一天之后，该国最新的代理总统试图表现出冷静。

"Although we are facing unexpected challenges once again, we are confident that our robust and resilient economic system will ensure rapid stabilisation," Choi said Friday.

崔周五表示：“尽管我们再次面临意想不到的挑战，但我们相信，我们强劲且富有弹性的经济体系将确保快速稳定。”

The 61-year-old career civil servant has inherited a 2025 budget -- adopted by the opposition alone -- which is 4.1 trillion won ($2.8 billion) less than the government had hoped for.

这位 61 岁的职业公务员继承了仅反对党就通过的 2025 年预算，该预算比政府的预期少了 4.1 万亿韩元（28 亿美元）。

"There are already signs the crisis is having an impact on the economy," Gareth Leather of Capital Economics wrote in a note to clients, citing the dip in consumer and business confidence. 

凯投宏观的加雷斯·莱瑟(Gareth Leather)在给客户的一份报告中写道，“已经有迹象表明这场危机正在对经济产生影响”，理由是消费者和企业信心下降。

"The crisis is unfolding against a backdrop of a struggling economy," he added, with GDP growth expected to be just two percent this year, weighed down by a global slowdown in demand for semiconductors.

他补充道：“这场危机是在经济陷入困境的背景下展开的。”由于全球半导体需求放缓，预计今年 GDP 增长率仅为 2%。

"Longer term, political polarisation and resulting uncertainty could hold back investment in Korea," Leather wrote, citing the example of Thailand, another ultra-polarised country whose economy has stagnated since a coup in 2014.

莱瑟写道：“从长远来看，政治极化和由此产生的不确定性可能会阻碍对韩国的投资。”他引用了另一个极端极化国家泰国的例子，该国的经济自 2014 年政变以来一直停滞不前。

- Democratic resilience? - 

- 民主的韧性？ -

But other economists noted that the South Korean economy has so far weathered the chaos well.

但其他经济学家指出，到目前为止，韩国经济很好地经受住了这场混乱。

As early as December 4, the day after Yoon declared martial law following a budget tussle with the opposition, the central bank promised to inject sufficient liquidity to stabilise the markets, and the Kospi Index has lost less than four percent since the start of the crisis. 

早在 12 月 4 日，也就是尹在与反对派发生预算纠纷后宣布戒严的第二天，央行就承诺注入足够的流动性以稳定市场，韩国综合指数自危机开始以来已经下跌了不到 4% 。

"Like everyone, I was surprised when Yoon took those crazy measures," Park Sang-in, a professor of economics at Seoul National University, told AFP. "But there was a resilience of democracy."

首尔国立大学经济学教授朴尚仁告诉法新社：“和所有人一样，当尹采取这些疯狂措施时，我感到很惊讶。” “但民主具有韧性。”

"We come from being an underdeveloped country to one of the world's most dynamic economies in very few years, and Yoon Suk Yeol is a side effect of the growth," he added.

他补充道：“我们在短短几年内从一个不发达国家发展成为世界上最具活力的经济体之一，尹石烈是经济增长的副作用。”

"Korean society was mature enough to counter his crazy actions."

“韩国社会已经足够成熟，可以反击他的疯狂行为。”

roc/tmt/tym/sco

摇滚/TMT/时代/SCO