韓國代理總統被彈劾，政治危機加深

韓國總統及其繼任者因實施戒嚴令失敗而雙雙被罷黜，不斷加深的政治動盪正在威脅該國的貨幣並動搖對其經濟的信心。

South Korea's currency and economic confidence have been battered by deepening political turmoil, after the country's president and his replacement were both deposed over a failed bid to impose martial law.

韓國總統及其繼任者因實施戒嚴令失敗而被罷黜，該國的貨幣和經濟信心因政治動盪的加深而受到打擊。

The won, which plunged Friday to its lowest level against the dollar since 2009, has been in nearly constant decline since President Yoon Suk Yeol's attempt to scrap civilian rule in early December.

韓元兌美元週五暴跌至2009年以來的最低水平，自12月初總統尹錫烈試圖廢除文官統治以來，韓元幾乎一直在下跌。

And business and consumer confidence in Asia's fourth-largest economy have taken their biggest hit since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, according to figures released by the Bank of Korea.

韓國央行公佈的數據顯示，亞洲第四大經濟體的企業和消費者信心遭受了自 Covid-19 大流行開始以來的最大打擊。

Lawmakers impeached Yoon in mid-December on charges of insurrection, and on Friday they impeached his successor, acting president and prime minister Han Duck-soo, arguing that he refused demands to complete Yoon's removal from office and bring him to justice.

議員們於12月中旬以叛亂罪彈劾尹正，並於週五彈劾他的繼任者、代總統兼總理韓德洙，稱他拒絕完成尹正的免職並將其繩之以法。

That thrust Finance Minister Choi Sang-mok into the additional roles of acting president and prime minister.

這促使財政部長崔尚木兼任代理總統和總理。

Choi has pledged to do all he can to end "this period of turmoil" and resolve the political crisis gripping the country.

崔總統承諾將盡其所能結束「這段動盪時期」並解決困擾該國的政治危機。

- Constitutional question –

- 憲法問題 -

At the heart of the stalemate is the Constitutional Court, which will decide whether to uphold parliament's decision to impeach Yoon.

僵局的核心是憲法法院，它將決定是否維持議會彈劾尹的決定。

It must do so by a two-thirds majority, however. And because three of the court's nine seats are currently vacant, a unanimous vote is required to confirm the suspended president's removal.

然而，它必須以三分之二多數票通過。而且由於法院的九個席位中的三個目前空缺，因此需要一致投票才能確認被停職的總統的解職。

Otherwise, Yoon will be automatically returned to office.

否則，尹將自動返回辦公室。

Lawmakers on Thursday nominated three judges to fill the vacant seats, but acting president Han refused to approve them, precipitating his own impeachment.

立法者週四提名了三名法官來填補空缺席位，但代理總統韓拒絕批准他們，從而引發了他自己的彈劾。

After an acrimonious day in which lawmakers from Yoon's party erupted in protest, the country's newest acting president sought to project calm.

在尹恩惠所在政黨的議員們爆發抗議的激烈一天之後，該國最新的代理總統試圖表現出冷靜。

"Although we are facing unexpected challenges once again, we are confident that our robust and resilient economic system will ensure rapid stabilisation," Choi said Friday.

崔週五表示：“儘管我們再次面臨意想不到的挑戰，但我們相信，我們強勁且富有彈性的經濟體系將確保快速穩定。”

The 61-year-old career civil servant has inherited a 2025 budget -- adopted by the opposition alone -- which is 4.1 trillion won ($2.8 billion) less than the government had hoped for.

這位 61 歲的職業公務員繼承了僅反對黨就通過的 2025 年預算，該預算比政府的預期少了 4.1 兆韓元（28 億美元）。

"There are already signs the crisis is having an impact on the economy," Gareth Leather of Capital Economics wrote in a note to clients, citing the dip in consumer and business confidence. 

凱投宏觀的加雷斯·萊瑟(Gareth Leather)在給客戶的一份報告中寫道，“已經有跡象表明這場危機正在對經濟產生影響”，理由是消費者和企業信心下降。

"The crisis is unfolding against a backdrop of a struggling economy," he added, with GDP growth expected to be just two percent this year, weighed down by a global slowdown in demand for semiconductors.

他補充說：「這場危機是在經濟陷入困境的背景下展開的。」由於全球半導體需求放緩，今年 GDP 成長率預計僅為 2%。

"Longer term, political polarisation and resulting uncertainty could hold back investment in Korea," Leather wrote, citing the example of Thailand, another ultra-polarised country whose economy has stagnated since a coup in 2014.

萊瑟寫道：「從長遠來看，政治極化和由此產生的不確定性可能會阻礙對韓國的投資。」他引用了另一個極端極化國家泰國的例子，該國的經濟自2014年政變以來一直停滯不前。

- Democratic resilience? - 

- 民主的韌性？ -

But other economists noted that the South Korean economy has so far weathered the chaos well.

但其他經濟學家指出，到目前為止，韓國經濟已經很好地經歷了這場混亂。

As early as December 4, the day after Yoon declared martial law following a budget tussle with the opposition, the central bank promised to inject sufficient liquidity to stabilise the markets, and the Kospi Index has lost less than four percent since the start of the crisis. 

早在12 月4 日，也就是尹在與反對派發生預算糾紛後宣布戒嚴的第二天，央行就承諾注入足夠的流動性以穩定市場，韓國綜合指數自危機開始以來已經下跌了不到4 % 。

"Like everyone, I was surprised when Yoon took those crazy measures," Park Sang-in, a professor of economics at Seoul National University, told AFP. "But there was a resilience of democracy."

首爾國立大學經濟學教授樸尚仁告訴法新社：“和所有人一樣，當尹採取這些瘋狂措施時，我感到很驚訝。” “但民主具有韌性。”

"We come from being an underdeveloped country to one of the world's most dynamic economies in very few years, and Yoon Suk Yeol is a side effect of the growth," he added.

他補充說：“我們在短短幾年內從一個不發達國家發展成為世界上最具活力的經濟體之一，尹石烈是經濟增長的副作用。”

"Korean society was mature enough to counter his crazy actions."

“韓國社會已經足夠成熟，可以反擊他的瘋狂行為。”

roc/tmt/tym/sco

搖滾/TMT/時代/SCO