消费者硬件钱包行业是采用比特币的最大障碍之一

全球大约有一百万个加密用户，根据最慷慨的估计，只有2.5％的使用硬件钱包。

There are roughly half a billion crypto users around the world and, at the most generous estimate, only 2.5% are using hardware wallets.

全球大约有十亿个加密用户，根据最慷慨的估计，只有2.5％的使用硬件钱包。

That’s a tiny number, but I’m relieved it’s not higher.

那是一个很小的数字，但我放心的不是更高。

Why? Because I want people to on-board to Bitcoin by the billion, and I want to see everyone self-custody securely. The consumer hardware wallet industry is one of the biggest obstacles to achieving this goal.

为什么？因为我希望人们能在十亿美元的情况下登上比特币，所以我想安全地看到每个人的自我casustody。消费者硬件钱包行业是实现这一目标的最大障碍之一。

And not just to Bitcoin adoption: the whole decentralization revolution is at risk if we don’t address the fatal flaw that's holding the world’s most popular wallets hostage.

不仅要比特币采用：如果我们不解决将世界上最受欢迎的钱包人质的致命缺陷，整个权力下放革命就处于危险之中。

Wallets are treading water

钱包在踩水

Last year in these pages, Lucien Bourdon celebrated “10 years of the wallet revolution”.

去年在这些页面中，卢西安·布尔登（Lucien Bourdon）庆祝了“钱包革命的10年”。

There’s a lot I agree with, but one glaring omission really stood out. Almost without exception, the ‘leading’ consumer hardware wallets on the market today have barely innovated in a decade. And as every security expert knows, if you’re not constantly advancing, you’re moving backwards.

我有很多同意，但是一个明显的遗漏确实脱颖而出。几乎没有例行，今天市场上的“领先”消费者硬件钱包几乎没有创新。正如每个安全专家都知道的那样，如果您不是不断前进，那么您就会向后移动。

The problem isn’t simply that new threats are constantly emerging, it’s that Bitcoin use cases are rapidly evolving. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are no longer ‘just’ stores of value; they are now a medium for all kinds of increasingly complex transactions.

问题不仅是新威胁不断出现，而且比特币用例迅速发展。比特币和其他加密货币不再是“仅”价值存储；现在，它们是各种日益复杂的交易的媒介。

Yet hardware wallets’ underlying technology is essentially unchanged from the days when their primary utility was as a secure, offline keysafe. It’s the same with UX, with users still expected to write down their seed words and then squint at a tiny screen every time they want to approve a transaction.

然而，硬件钱包的基本技术本质上是没有变化的，因为它们的主要效用是安全的，离线钥匙固定的。 UX是一样的，并且用户仍然希望每次想批准交易时都会写下种子单词，然后在很小的屏幕上斜视。

This isn't just a Bitcoin problem. The future of security will see everyone safeguarding our most valuable digital assets and sensitive data with cryptographic keys. In fact, the whole decentralized economy depends on what's inside these wallets - so let's take a peek.

这不仅仅是比特币问题。安全的未来将使每个人都使用加密密钥来保护我们最有价值的数字资产和敏感数据。实际上，整个分散的经济取决于这些钱包内部的东西 - 所以让我们窥视一下。

Trust, Don't Verify?

信任，不要验证吗？

Lucien was right to stress that Bitcoin's strength comes from its commitment to open-source principles.

卢西安（Lucien）强调比特币的实力源于其对开源原则的承诺。

Where I profoundly disagree with him is that open-source has been adopted by “most of the wallet industry”.

我对他深刻不同意的地方是，“大多数钱包行业”已经采用了开源。

The fact is, the leading hardware wallets continue to be built on closed-source, proprietary systems that users cannot fully inspect. If they can't inspect, they can't verify; if they can't verify, why should users take manufacturers' claims on trust?

事实是，领先的硬件钱包继续建立在用户无法完全检查的封闭源系统上。如果他们无法检查，他们将无法验证；如果他们无法验证，为什么用户应该对制造商的信任提出主张？

I suspect the reason so many hardware wallets remain “black boxes” is because they have something to hide - like the decades-old smart card technology used by so many of the wallets to which bitcoiners entrust their keys. This tech isn't fit for today's crypto use cases, and certainly not for a future of decentralized security, where we'll need keys to safeguard everything from our digital identities to access credentials.

我怀疑如此多的硬件钱包保留为“黑匣子”的原因是因为它们有东西要隐藏，就像许多数十年历史的智能卡技术由许多比特币托管钥匙的钱包所使用的智能卡技术。这项技术不适合当今的加密用例，当然也不适合分散安全性的未来，我们需要钥匙来保护从我们的数字身份到访问凭据的所有内容。

A Barrier to Innovation...and Adoption

创新的障碍...收养

Hardware wallets' continued reliance on closed, proprietary systems isn't just a security nightmare: it's also terrible for Bitcoin innovation and adoption.

硬件钱包的持续依赖封闭，专有系统不仅是一场安全噩梦：对于比特币创新和采用而言，这也很糟糕。

Today's wallets are effectively walled gardens, where developers must follow restrictive rules and can't offer any degree of customization for users. Often, this is a function of the underlying technology. Devices like Ledger need to give every app access to the master seed; obviously, that means they have to be painstakingly reviewed by Ledger before they are approved (if they ever are).

当今的钱包实际上是围墙的花园，开发人员必须遵循限制性规则，并且不能为用户提供任何自定义。通常，这是基础技术的函数。诸如LEDGER之类的设备需要使每个应用程序访问主种子；显然，这意味着在批准之前，必须先审查它们（如果有的话）。

If that's how the App Store worked, we'd still be carrying Nokia 3310s round in our pockets. Instead, we got open ecosystems, a thriving developer community, competition, and a galaxy of brilliant apps.

如果那是App Store的工作方式，那么我们仍然在口袋里携带诺基亚3310s。取而代之的是，我们获得了开放的生态系统，一个蓬勃发展的开发人员社区，竞争以及出色的应用程序的银河系。

That's what I wish for wallets. When developers can build permissionlessly, they will not only deliver novel functionality and enhanced user experience, but will play an essential role in wallets' evolution to support (and secure) the ever-growing complexity of bitcoin applications.

这就是我想要的钱包。当开发人员可以无权构建时，他们不仅会提供新颖的功能和增强的用户体验，而且还将在钱包的演变中发挥至关重要的作用，以支持（并确保）比特币应用程序不断增长的复杂性。

Wallets should be a hub of innovation, a place for developers to build the killer apps that will compel people to adopt Bitcoin and blockchain-based services. In reality, an ecosystem like Ledger is the “anti-App Store”, holding back decentralized innovation instead of driving it forward.

钱包应该是创新的枢纽，这是开发人员构建杀手级应用程序的地方，该应用程序将迫使人们采用基于比特链和区块链的服务。实际上，像Ledger这样的生态系统是“反应用商店”，阻止了分散的创新，而不是推动它向前推动。

Open Your Wallet

打开钱包

The solution is both simple and essential: transparency. Just as strong encryption relies on publicly tested, open-source algorithms to ensure security, the devices that store cryptographic keys must follow the same philosophy. Open-source hardware and software enable security researchers, developers, and even individual users to audit and verify security measures, reducing reliance on manufacturers' claims and increasing overall trustworthiness.

该解决方案既简单又必不可少：透明度。就像强大的加密依赖于经过公开测试的开源算法来确保安全性一样，存储加密密钥的设备也必须遵循相同的理念。开源硬件和软件使安全研究人员，开发人员甚至个人用户能够审核和验证安全措施，减少对制造商的主张的依赖并提高整体可信赖性。

Newer, more secure alternatives already exist. Hardware wallets based on open-source microkernel architectures provide a more robust security foundation, allowing independent verification of their safety. These systems ensure that no single company controls the

较新，更安全的替代方案已经存在。基于开源微粒架构的硬件钱包提供了更强大的安全基础，从而可以独立地验证其安全性。这些系统确保没有一家公司控制