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该加密货币智囊团认为,2021 年对 6050I 的修正案是违宪的,该法律要求某些交易向政府报告。
A U.S. Circuit Court judge has partially overturned a lower court’s decision to dismiss a lawsuit filed by crypto think tank Coin Center against the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
美国巡回法院法官部分推翻了下级法院驳回加密智库 Coin Center 针对美国财政部和国税局 (IRS) 提起诉讼的决定。
The lawsuit pertains to a 2021 amendment to the tax code that would require Americans to disclose the details of certain crypto transactions to the IRS, a move that Coin Center argues is unconstitutional.
该诉讼涉及 2021 年税法修正案,该修正案将要求美国人向 IRS 披露某些加密货币交易的详细信息,Coin Center 认为此举违宪。
Circuit Judge Karen Nelson Moore of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled on Aug. 9 that some of Coin Center's privacy concerns were not yet ripe, but that the organization did have three claims – on the Fourth Amendment, First Amendment, and enumerated powers – that were ripe enough to try in court.
美国第六巡回上诉法院巡回法官凯伦·纳尔逊·摩尔 (Karen Nelson Moore) 8 月 9 日裁定,Coin Center 的一些隐私问题尚未成熟,但该组织确实提出了三项主张——关于第四修正案、第一修正案和列举的权力——这些权力已经足够成熟,可以在法庭上进行尝试。
The amendment to section 6050I of the U.S. code, which was enshrined in the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investments and Jobs Act passed in 2021, would legally require crypto users exchanging digital assets worth more than $10,000 to collect and share personal information – including their real names, Social Security numbers and home addresses – with both each other and the authorities.
美国法典第 6050I 条修正案被写入 2021 年通过的 1.2 万亿美元基础设施投资和就业法案中,该修正案将合法要求交换价值超过 10,000 美元的数字资产的加密货币用户收集和共享个人信息 - 包括他们的真实姓名、社会安全号码和家庭住址——彼此之间以及当局的信息。
The amendment sparked a public outcry from many in the crypto industry, who saw the requirement as being antithetical to the ethos of crypto, where many users are pseudonymous, as well as a violation of their privacy and a potential government overreach.
该修正案引发了加密货币行业许多人的公众强烈抗议,他们认为这一要求与加密货币的精神背道而驰,因为许多用户都是匿名的,并且侵犯了他们的隐私,并可能导致政府越权。
Coin Center filed suit against the Treasury Department and the IRS in June 2022, arguing that the amendment represented “overbearing surveillance” that would infringe on numerous constitutional rights, including the First Amendment right to expression and associational privacy.
Coin Center 于 2022 年 6 月对财政部和国税局提起诉讼,认为该修正案代表了“专横的监视”,将侵犯许多宪法权利,包括第一修正案的言论权和结社隐私权。
The Circuit Court's Moore ruled that some of Coin Center’s privacy concerns were not yet ripe, writing “We cannot invalidate 6050I based on scenarios that may never come to pass. Nor do we have authority to opine generally on its constitutionality.”
巡回法院的摩尔裁定,Coin Center 的一些隐私问题尚未成熟,他写道:“我们不能根据可能永远不会发生的情况来使 6050I 无效。我们也无权就其合宪性发表普遍意见。”
But she found that Coin Center did, in fact, have three claims – on Fourth Amendment, First Amendment, and enumerated powers (essentially, a question about the government’s authority as granted by Congress) – that were “ripe” enough to try in court.
但她发现硬币中心实际上确实提出了三项主张——关于第四修正案、第一修正案和列举的权力(本质上是关于国会授予的政府权力的问题)——这些主张已经“成熟”到足以在法庭上进行审判。
“Plaintiffs’ enumerated-powers claim is clearly ripe,” Moore wrote in her judgment. “The enumerated-powers claim presents an exceedingly simple, pure legal issue: either Congress exceeded the powers given to it by the Constitution or it did not … [I]t was ripe the moment Congress passed the law.”
“原告的列举权力主张显然已经成熟,”摩尔在判决中写道。 “列举权力的主张提出了一个极其简单、纯粹的法律问题:要么国会超出了宪法赋予它的权力,要么没有......国会通过这项法律的那一刻就已经成熟了。”
Moore’s partial reversal of Caldwell’s ruling means that the suit has been remanded back down to a lower court for fresh proceedings “consistent with [her] opinion.”
摩尔部分推翻了考德威尔的裁决,这意味着该诉讼已发回下级法院重新审理,“与[她的]意见一致”。
Peter Van Valkenburgh, Coin Center’s director of research, celebrated the legal victory in a Monday blog post, writing:
硬币中心研究主管 Peter Van Valkenburgh 在周一的博客文章中庆祝了这场法律胜利,他写道:
“The privacy of those associations, the names and personal information of Americans who support our mission through donations is our constitutional right, and we’re excited to move forward defending that right on the merits.”
“这些协会的隐私、通过捐款支持我们使命的美国人的姓名和个人信息是我们的宪法权利,我们很高兴能够继续根据案情捍卫这一权利。”
Neither the Treasury nor the IRS responded to CoinDesk's request for comment.
财政部和国税局均未回应 CoinDesk 的置评请求。
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