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該加密貨幣智囊團認為,2021 年對 6050I 的修正案是違憲的,該法律要求某些交易向政府報告。
A U.S. Circuit Court judge has partially overturned a lower court’s decision to dismiss a lawsuit filed by crypto think tank Coin Center against the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
美國巡迴法院法官部分推翻了下級法院駁回加密智庫 Coin Center 針對美國財政部和國稅局 (IRS) 提起訴訟的決定。
The lawsuit pertains to a 2021 amendment to the tax code that would require Americans to disclose the details of certain crypto transactions to the IRS, a move that Coin Center argues is unconstitutional.
該訴訟涉及 2021 年稅法修正案,該修正案將要求美國人向 IRS 披露某些加密貨幣交易的詳細信息,Coin Center 認為此舉違憲。
Circuit Judge Karen Nelson Moore of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled on Aug. 9 that some of Coin Center's privacy concerns were not yet ripe, but that the organization did have three claims – on the Fourth Amendment, First Amendment, and enumerated powers – that were ripe enough to try in court.
美國第六巡迴上訴法院巡迴法官凱倫·納爾遜·摩爾(Karen Nelson Moore) 8 月9 日裁定,Coin Center 的一些隱私問題尚未成熟,但該組織確實提出了三項主張——關於第四修正案、第一修正案和列舉的權力——這些權力已經足夠成熟,可以在法庭上嘗試。
The amendment to section 6050I of the U.S. code, which was enshrined in the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investments and Jobs Act passed in 2021, would legally require crypto users exchanging digital assets worth more than $10,000 to collect and share personal information – including their real names, Social Security numbers and home addresses – with both each other and the authorities.
美國法典第6050I 條修正案被寫入2021 年通過的1.2 兆美元基礎設施投資和就業法案中,該修正案將合法要求交換價值超過10,000 美元的數位資產的加密貨幣用戶收集和共享個人資訊-包括他們的真實姓名、社會安全號碼和家庭住址——彼此之間以及當局的資訊。
The amendment sparked a public outcry from many in the crypto industry, who saw the requirement as being antithetical to the ethos of crypto, where many users are pseudonymous, as well as a violation of their privacy and a potential government overreach.
該修正案引發了加密貨幣行業許多人的公眾強烈抗議,他們認為這項要求與加密貨幣的精神背道而馳,因為許多用戶都是匿名的,並且侵犯了他們的隱私,並可能導致政府越權。
Coin Center filed suit against the Treasury Department and the IRS in June 2022, arguing that the amendment represented “overbearing surveillance” that would infringe on numerous constitutional rights, including the First Amendment right to expression and associational privacy.
Coin Center 於 2022 年 6 月對財政部和國稅局提起訴訟,認為該修正案代表了“專橫的監視”,將侵犯許多憲法權利,包括第一修正案的言論權和結社隱私權。
The Circuit Court's Moore ruled that some of Coin Center’s privacy concerns were not yet ripe, writing “We cannot invalidate 6050I based on scenarios that may never come to pass. Nor do we have authority to opine generally on its constitutionality.”
巡迴法院的摩爾裁定,Coin Center 的一些隱私問題尚未成熟,他寫道:「我們不能根據可能永遠不會發生的情況來使 6050I 無效。我們也無權就其合憲性發表普遍意見。
But she found that Coin Center did, in fact, have three claims – on Fourth Amendment, First Amendment, and enumerated powers (essentially, a question about the government’s authority as granted by Congress) – that were “ripe” enough to try in court.
但她發現硬幣中心實際上確實提出了三項主張——關於第四修正案、第一修正案和列舉的權力(本質上是關於國會授予的政府權力的問題)——這些主張已經“成熟”到足以在法庭上進行審判。
“Plaintiffs’ enumerated-powers claim is clearly ripe,” Moore wrote in her judgment. “The enumerated-powers claim presents an exceedingly simple, pure legal issue: either Congress exceeded the powers given to it by the Constitution or it did not … [I]t was ripe the moment Congress passed the law.”
「原告的列舉權力主張顯然已經成熟,」摩爾在判決中寫道。 「列舉權力的主張提出了一個極其簡單、純粹的法律問題:要么國會超出了憲法賦予它的權力,要么沒有......國會通過這項法律的那一刻就已經成熟了。”
Moore’s partial reversal of Caldwell’s ruling means that the suit has been remanded back down to a lower court for fresh proceedings “consistent with [her] opinion.”
摩爾部分推翻了考德威爾的裁決,這意味著該訴訟已發回下級法院重新審理,「與[她的]意見一致」。
Peter Van Valkenburgh, Coin Center’s director of research, celebrated the legal victory in a Monday blog post, writing:
硬幣中心研究主管 Peter Van Valkenburgh 在周一的部落格文章中慶祝了這場法律勝利,他寫道:
“The privacy of those associations, the names and personal information of Americans who support our mission through donations is our constitutional right, and we’re excited to move forward defending that right on the merits.”
“這些協會的隱私、通過捐款支持我們使命的美國人的姓名和個人信息是我們的憲法權利,我們很高興能夠繼續根據案情捍衛這一權利。”
Neither the Treasury nor the IRS responded to CoinDesk's request for comment.
財政部和國稅局均未回應 CoinDesk 的置評請求。
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