童工：被困在翁多可可农场的男孩和女孩的困境

翁多东部和西部地方政府区的 Bolorunduro、Fagbo、Igushin 和 Bagbe 等可可生产社区拥有最大的可可生产能力

In Ondo East and West local government areas, children are engaged in hazardous labour on cocoa farms, often for minimal pay or to assist their parents.

在东翁多和西翁多当地政府辖区，儿童在可可农场从事危险劳动，通常只获得最低工资或协助父母。

According to National Bureau of Statistics data, 52.6% of children in Ondo West engaged in hazardous cocoa farming work, while 57.4% of those aged 5-14 in Ondo state skip school for cocoa farms.

根据国家统计局数据，翁多西州52.6%的儿童从事危险的可可种植工作，而翁多州5-14岁儿童中57.4%的人因可可农场而逃学。

Students who spoke with BONews with the consent of their teachers and parents report that the boys are saddled with the responsibility of fumigation while girls pod the cocoa and pack it out of the farms. They also confirmed that they work as labourers to earn additional money.

经老师和家长同意后接受 BONews 采访的学生们表示，男孩们承担着熏蒸的责任，而女孩们则负责将可可豆荚装运出农场。他们还证实，他们做劳工是为了赚取额外的钱。

19-year-old Adetinoye Tobi sighted in one of the farms packing palm fruit seedlings. When questioned why he was not in school, he stated that he was on the farm to work as a labourer, packing palm fruits and clearing the cocoa farm.

有人看到 19 岁的阿德蒂诺耶·托比 (Adetinoye Tobi) 在一个农场里包装棕榈果苗。当被问及为什么没有上学时，他说他在农场当劳工，包装棕榈果并清理可可农场。

13-year-old Adio Balikis and 13-year-old Awoyemi Emmanuel of Bagbe Ilu Nla High School also said that they worked as labourers to fumigate the cocoa with chemicals against pesticides to earn money.

Bagbe Ilu Nla 高中的 13 岁阿迪奥·巴利基斯 (Adio Balikis) 和 13 岁的阿沃耶米·伊曼纽尔 (Awoyemi Emmanuel) 也表示，他们当劳工，用抗农药的化学物质熏蒸可可来赚钱。

So were the stories of other students in the schools visited who recounted their experiences on the hazardous work they engaged in to earn a living.

参观学校的其他学生的故事也是如此，他们讲述了他们为谋生而从事危险工作的经历。

Speaking about the state of absenteeism in schools and how children engage in labour work, Mr Adejana Isaac, a teacher at Igushin Community Grammar School, said,

在谈到学校缺勤状况以及孩子们如何从事劳动工作时，伊古申社区文法学校的老师阿德贾纳·伊萨克先生说：

“During the dry season when there is no harvesting of cocoa, students are always in school, but during the cocoa harvesting period, about 80% of students are always absent.”

“在没有可可收获的旱季，学生们总是在学校，但在可可收获期间，大约80%的学生总是缺席。”

In all the communities visited by the reporter, schools are a shadow of themselves due to poor access roads and poor infrastructure. The schools lacked essential facilities like laboratories and libraries.

在记者走访的各个社区中，由于道路不畅、基础设施薄弱，学校都笼罩在阴影之中。学校缺乏实验室和图书馆等基本设施。

Also, during the reporter’s visit to the farmsteads in the four communities in Ondo East and West, one major challenge in accessing the farms was the dangerous and poor road network. It rained a day before the reporter’s visit, and the roads were largely inaccessible to road users, especially motorcyclists. The reporter fell in the mud on her way, which indicates some of the challenges the labourers regularly encounter in accessing the farmlands.

此外，记者在翁多东部和西部四个社区的农庄走访中发现，通往农场的一大挑战是危险且糟糕的路网。记者探访前一天下着雨，道路使用者尤其是摩托车手基本上无法通行。记者在途中跌倒在泥里，这表明了劳动者在进入农田时经常遇到的一些挑战。

“The roads are bad, the pests are destroying our cocoa, the chemicals we use are expensive, and most of the time after harvest, moving the goods is challenging. That’s why we often engaged children in labour work to maximise profit,” Ariyo Benjamin, a cocoa farmer who rented his farm for a year, said.

“道路状况不佳，害虫正在破坏我们的可可，我们使用的化学品价格昂贵，而且在收获后的大部分时间里，运输货物都是一项挑战。这就是为什么我们经常让孩子们从事劳动工作，以实现利润最大化。”租用农场一年的可可种植者阿里约·本杰明 (Ariyo Benjamin) 说道。

According to Ariyo, labourers are paid N4000 Naira per day and N350,000 per year,  unlike before when it was cheaper and the climate challenges were not as challenging as they are now.

据 Ariyo 称，工人的工资每天为 4000 奈拉，每年为 350,000 奈拉，与以前不同，当时的工资更便宜，而且气候挑战也不像现在那么具有挑战性。

The Alara of Igunshin land, Oba Lawrence Adelaisoye, expressed frustration with climate challenges affecting cocoa production and the huge sums of money charged by labourers, which are pushing farmers to engage children in their farms.

伊贡辛土地的阿拉拉人奥巴·劳伦斯·阿德莱索耶 (Oba Lawrence Adelaisoye) 对影响可可生产的气候挑战以及向劳工收取的巨额费用表示失望，这些都迫使农民让儿童参与他们的农场。

“Our farmers are suffering, the road to our farms has been destroyed by flood, and the poor road network has made the charges from labourers very exorbitant.

“我们的农民正在受苦，通往农场的道路被洪水冲毁，糟糕的路网使得劳工的费用非常高昂。

“We send our children to school, but we don’t allow them to go to the farm on school days because the ILO Acclawa project and some NGOs were in the community to sensitise the farmers on the danger of child labour, and we have stopped doing that,” Oba Adelaisoye said.

“我们送孩子上学，但我们不允许他们在上学日去农场，因为国际劳工组织 Acclawa 项目和一些非政府组织在社区中向农民宣传童工的危险，我们已经停止这样做，”奥巴·阿德莱索耶说。

Baale of Bagbe and Bolorunduro also shared their thoughts about how rural communities have been suffering from neglect in the area of infrastructure development, and the only thing they have is their family to assist them in their work.

Baale of Bagbe和Bolorunduro也分享了他们对农村社区在基础设施发展方面被忽视的看法，他们唯一能得到的就是家人协助他们的工作。

They said their farmers produced large quantities of cocoa and kola nuts for local and international buyers.

他们说，他们的农民为当地和国际买家生产了大量的可可和可乐果。

The Ondo State Child Rights Act, passed into law in 2007, protects the rights and privileges of children aged 0 to 16. The law stipulates that a child has the right to survival and development.

2007年通过的《翁多州儿童权利法》保护0至16岁儿童的权利和特权。该法规定儿童享有生存权和发展权。

In an interview with a human rights lawyer in Akure, Barrister Debbie Sagba said the Ondo State Child Rights Law 2007 stipulates that no child shall be subjected to any forced or exploitative labour.

律师黛比·萨格巴 (Debbie Sagba) 在阿库雷接受人权律师采访时表示，2007 年翁多州儿童权利法规定，任何儿童不得遭受任何强迫或剥削劳动。

“It is against the law for a child to work in any capacity as a labourer except where he or she is employed by a member of his or her family on light work of an agricultural, horticultural, or domestic character,” Barrister Sagba said.

萨格巴大律师表示：“儿童以任何劳工身份工作都是违法的，除非他或她受其家庭成员雇用从事农业、园艺或家务性质的轻型工作。”

“Anyone who contravenes any provision of subsection 21, (1,2 ) of the section commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding N50,000 or imprisonment for a term of five years or to both such fine and imprisonment,” she said.

“任何人违反本节第 21 (1,2) 小节的任何规定，即构成犯罪，一经定罪，可处以不超过 50,000 奈拉的罚款或五年监禁，或同时处以罚款和监禁， “她说。

Similarly, Barrister Bolanle Afolabi, Executive secretary of Ondo State Agency Against Gender-Based Violence, OSSA

同样，Ondo 国家反性别暴力局 (OSSA) 执行秘书博兰勒·阿福拉比 (Bolanle Afolabi) 律师