童工：被困在翁多可可農場的男孩和女孩的困境

翁多東部和西部地方政府區的 Bolorunduro、Fagbo、Igushin 和 Bagbe 等可可生產社區擁有最大的可可生產能力

In Ondo East and West local government areas, children are engaged in hazardous labour on cocoa farms, often for minimal pay or to assist their parents.

在東翁多和西翁多當地政府轄區，兒童在可可農場從事危險勞動，通常只獲得最低工資或幫助父母。

According to National Bureau of Statistics data, 52.6% of children in Ondo West engaged in hazardous cocoa farming work, while 57.4% of those aged 5-14 in Ondo state skip school for cocoa farms.

根據國家統計局數據，翁多州52.6%的兒童從事危險的可可種植工作，而翁多州5-14歲兒童中57.4%的人因可可農場而逃​​學。

Students who spoke with BONews with the consent of their teachers and parents report that the boys are saddled with the responsibility of fumigation while girls pod the cocoa and pack it out of the farms. They also confirmed that they work as labourers to earn additional money.

經老師和家長同意後接受 BONews 採訪的學生們表示，男孩們承擔著熏蒸的責任，而女孩們則負責將可可豆莢裝運出農場。他們也證實，他們做勞工是為了賺取額外的錢。

19-year-old Adetinoye Tobi sighted in one of the farms packing palm fruit seedlings. When questioned why he was not in school, he stated that he was on the farm to work as a labourer, packing palm fruits and clearing the cocoa farm.

有人看到 19 歲的阿德爾蒂諾耶·托比 (Adetinoye Tobi) 在一個農場裡包裝棕櫚果苗。當被問及為什麼沒有上學時，他說他在農場當勞工，包裝棕櫚果並清理可可農場。

13-year-old Adio Balikis and 13-year-old Awoyemi Emmanuel of Bagbe Ilu Nla High School also said that they worked as labourers to fumigate the cocoa with chemicals against pesticides to earn money.

Bagbe Ilu Nla 高中的13 歲阿迪奧·巴利基斯(Adio Balikis) 和13 歲的阿沃耶米·伊曼紐爾(Awoyemi Emmanuel) 也表示，他們當勞工，用抗農藥的化學物質熏蒸可可來賺錢。

So were the stories of other students in the schools visited who recounted their experiences on the hazardous work they engaged in to earn a living.

參觀學校的其他學生的故事也是如此，他們講述了他們為謀生而從事危險工作的經歷。

Speaking about the state of absenteeism in schools and how children engage in labour work, Mr Adejana Isaac, a teacher at Igushin Community Grammar School, said,

在談到學校缺席狀況以及孩子們如何從事勞動工作時，伊古申社區文法學校的老師阿德賈納·伊薩克先生說：

“During the dry season when there is no harvesting of cocoa, students are always in school, but during the cocoa harvesting period, about 80% of students are always absent.”

“在沒有可可收穫的旱季，學生們總是在學校，但在可可收穫期間，大約80%的學生總是缺席。”

In all the communities visited by the reporter, schools are a shadow of themselves due to poor access roads and poor infrastructure. The schools lacked essential facilities like laboratories and libraries.

在記者造訪的各個社區中，由於道路不暢、基礎建設薄弱，學校都籠罩在陰影之中。學校缺乏實驗室和圖書館等基本設施。

Also, during the reporter’s visit to the farmsteads in the four communities in Ondo East and West, one major challenge in accessing the farms was the dangerous and poor road network. It rained a day before the reporter’s visit, and the roads were largely inaccessible to road users, especially motorcyclists. The reporter fell in the mud on her way, which indicates some of the challenges the labourers regularly encounter in accessing the farmlands.

此外，記者在翁多東部和西部四個社區的農莊走訪中發現，通往農場的一大挑戰是危險且糟糕的路網。記者探訪前一天下著雨，道路使用者尤其是機車騎士基本上無法通行。記者在途中跌倒在泥巴裡，這顯示了勞工在進入農田時經常遇到的一些挑戰。

“The roads are bad, the pests are destroying our cocoa, the chemicals we use are expensive, and most of the time after harvest, moving the goods is challenging. That’s why we often engaged children in labour work to maximise profit,” Ariyo Benjamin, a cocoa farmer who rented his farm for a year, said.

「道路狀況不佳，害蟲正在破壞我們的可可，我們使用的化學物質價格昂貴，而且在收穫後的大部分時間裡，運輸貨物都是一項挑戰。這就是為什麼我們經常讓孩子們從事勞動工作，以實現利潤最大化。

According to Ariyo, labourers are paid N4000 Naira per day and N350,000 per year,  unlike before when it was cheaper and the climate challenges were not as challenging as they are now.

據 Ariyo 稱，工人的工資每天為 4000 奈拉，每年為 350,000 奈拉，與以前不同，當時的工資更便宜，而且氣候挑戰也不像現在那麼具有挑戰性。

The Alara of Igunshin land, Oba Lawrence Adelaisoye, expressed frustration with climate challenges affecting cocoa production and the huge sums of money charged by labourers, which are pushing farmers to engage children in their farms.

伊貢辛土地的阿拉拉人奧巴·勞倫斯·阿德萊索耶(Oba Lawrence Adelaisoye) 對影響可可生產的氣候挑戰以及向勞工收取的巨額費用表示失望，這些都迫使農民讓兒童參與他們的農場。

“Our farmers are suffering, the road to our farms has been destroyed by flood, and the poor road network has made the charges from labourers very exorbitant.

「我們的農民正在受苦，通往農場的道路被洪水沖毀，糟糕的路網使得勞工的費用非常高昂。

“We send our children to school, but we don’t allow them to go to the farm on school days because the ILO Acclawa project and some NGOs were in the community to sensitise the farmers on the danger of child labour, and we have stopped doing that,” Oba Adelaisoye said.

「我們送孩子上學，但我們不允許他們在上學日去農場，因為國際勞工組織 Acclawa 計畫和一些非政府組織在社區中向農民宣傳童工的危險，我們已經停止這樣做，」奧巴·阿德萊索耶說。

Baale of Bagbe and Bolorunduro also shared their thoughts about how rural communities have been suffering from neglect in the area of infrastructure development, and the only thing they have is their family to assist them in their work.

Baale of Bagbe和Bolorunduro也分享了他們對農村社區在基礎設施發展方面被忽視的看法，他們唯一能得到的就是家人協助他們的工作。

They said their farmers produced large quantities of cocoa and kola nuts for local and international buyers.

他們說，他們的農民為當地和國際買家生產了大量的可可和可樂果。

The Ondo State Child Rights Act, passed into law in 2007, protects the rights and privileges of children aged 0 to 16. The law stipulates that a child has the right to survival and development.

2007年通過的《翁多州兒童權利法》保護0至16歲兒童的權利和特權。

In an interview with a human rights lawyer in Akure, Barrister Debbie Sagba said the Ondo State Child Rights Law 2007 stipulates that no child shall be subjected to any forced or exploitative labour.

律師黛比‧薩格巴 (Debbie Sagba) 在阿庫雷接受人權律師採訪時表示，2007 年翁多州兒童權利法規定，任何兒童不得遭受任何強迫或剝削勞動。

“It is against the law for a child to work in any capacity as a labourer except where he or she is employed by a member of his or her family on light work of an agricultural, horticultural, or domestic character,” Barrister Sagba said.

薩格巴大律師表示：“兒童以任何勞工身份工作都是違法的，除非他或她受其家庭成員僱用從事農業、園藝或家務性質的輕型工作。”

“Anyone who contravenes any provision of subsection 21, (1,2 ) of the section commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding N50,000 or imprisonment for a term of five years or to both such fine and imprisonment,” she said.

「任何人違反本節第 21 (1,2) 小節的任何規定，即構成犯罪，一經定罪，可處以不超過 50,000 奈拉的罰款或五年監禁，或同時處以罰款和監禁， 」她說。

Similarly, Barrister Bolanle Afolabi, Executive secretary of Ondo State Agency Against Gender-Based Violence, OSSA

同樣，Ondo 國家反性別暴力局 (OSSA) 執行秘書 Bolanle Afolabi 律師