印度儲備銀行允許小型金融銀行透過 UPI 延長預先批准的信貸額度

印度儲備銀行 (RBI) 允許小型金融銀行 (SFB) 透過統一支付介面 (UPI) 延長預先批准的信貸額度，以擴大 UPI 的信貸範圍。

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has permitted small finance banks (SFBs) to extend pre-sanctioned credit lines through the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in an effort to expand the reach of credit on UPI.

印度儲備銀行 (RBI) 允許小型金融銀行 (SFB) 透過統一支付介面 (UPI) 延長預先批准的信貸額度，以擴大 UPI 的信貸範圍。

Introduced in 2016, UPI offers instant money transfers and serves as a single mobile application for accessing multiple bank accounts. In September 2023, the ambit of UPI was broadened by enabling pre-sanctioned credit lines to be linked via UPI and used as a funding account by scheduled commercial banks, excluding payment banks, small finance banks, and regional rural banks.

UPI 於 2016 年推出，提供即時轉賬，並作為存取多個銀行帳戶的單一行動應用程式。 2023 年 9 月，UPI 的範圍擴大，允許預先批准的信貸額度透過 UPI 連結起來，並用作指定商業銀行的資金帳戶，不包括支付銀行、小型金融銀行和區域性村鎮銀行。

“It has now been decided to permit small finance banks also to extend pre-sanctioned credit lines through the UPI. This will further deepen financial inclusion and enhance formal credit, particularly for ‘new to credit’ customers,” Shaktikanta Das, RBI’s Governor, said in his Monetary Policy statement on Friday. Monetary Policy refers to actions taken by a country’s central bank to manage the money supply and influence economic activity.

「現在決定允許小型金融銀行也透過 UPI 延長預先批准的信貸額度。這將進一步深化金融包容性並增強正式信貸，特別是對於「新信貸」客戶，」印度儲備銀行行長沙克蒂坎塔·達斯(Shaktikanta Das)在周五的貨幣政策聲明中表示。貨幣政策是指一國中央銀行為管理貨幣供應和影響經濟活動所採取的行動。

Emphasizing a high-tech, low-cost model to reach the last mile customer, small finance banks can play an enabling role in expanding the reach of credit on UPI. According to the RBI’s statement on Developmental and Regulatory Policies, the credit line on UPI has the potential to make available low-ticket, low-tenor products to ‘new-to-credit’ customers.

小型金融銀行強調採用高科技、低成本模式來接觸最後一哩客戶，可以在擴大 UPI 信貸覆蓋範圍方面發揮推動作用。根據印度儲備銀行關於發展和監管政策的聲明，UPI 的信貸額度有可能向「新信貸」客戶提供低價、低期限的產品。

The UPI has witnessed a tenfold increase in volume over the past four years, with 12.5 billion transactions in 2019-20 reaching 131 billion transactions in 2023-24, accounting for 80% of all digital payment volumes. Notably, the UPI crossed a milestone of 16.6 billion transactions in October alone.

過去四年，UPI 交易量成長了 10 倍，2019-20 年交易量為 125 億筆，2023-24 年交易量達到 1,310 億筆，佔所有數位支付量的 80%。值得注意的是，光是 10 月 UPI 就突破了 166 億筆交易的里程碑。

Meanwhile, India is also looking to expand UPI use across the world so that any Indian with a UPI account can make a payment using UPI. Thus far, UPI has expanded to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Peru, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Singapore, France, Bhutan and Nepal.

同時，印度也希望在全球擴大 UPI 的使用，以便任何擁有 UPI 帳戶的印度人都可以使用 UPI 進行付款。迄今為止，UPI 已擴展到阿拉伯聯合大公國（阿聯酋）、秘魯、毛里求斯、斯里蘭卡、新加坡、法國、不丹和尼泊爾。

Earlier in December, the RBI issued an amendment to the framework for facilitating small-value digital payments in offline mode, increasing the transaction limits for UPI LITE.

12 月初，印度央行發布了促進離線模式小額數位支付框架的修正案，提高了 UPI LITE 的交易限額。

UPI LITE is a payment solution that processes low-value transactions. The solution leverages existing UPI ecosystem protocols for mobile phones to ensure commonality, compliance and system acceptance.

UPI LITE 是處理小額交易的支付解決方案。該解決方案利用現有的手機 UPI 生態系統協議來確保通用性、合規性和系統接受度。

“The offline framework has been updated and the enhanced limits for UPI Lite shall be ₹1,000 ($11) per transaction, with ₹5,000 ($59) being the total limit at any point in time,” RBI said.

RBI 表示：“離線框架已更新，UPI Lite 的增強限額為每筆交易 1,000 盧比（11 美元），任何時間點的總限額為 5,000 盧比（59 美元）。”

UPI LITE is touted as a customer-friendly approach that enables low-value transactions without utilizing a remitter bank’s core banking systems in real time while providing adequate risk mitigation.

UPI LITE 被譽為客戶友好的方法，無需即時利用匯款銀行的核心銀行系統即可實現低價值交易，同時提供足夠的風險緩解。

In November, the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), which operates retail payments and settlement systems in India, conducted an event as part of the NPCI Synergy initiative. The event featured senior leaders from small finance banks (SFBs) and payments banks, recognizing their contributions in shaping the future of India’s digital payments through innovation, partnerships, and collaboration.

11 月，在印度經營零售支付和結算系統的印度國家支付公司 (NPCI) 舉辦了一場活動，作為 NPCI 協同計畫的一部分。這項活動邀請了來自小型金融銀行 (SFB) 和支付銀行的高級領導人，表彰他們透過創新、夥伴關係和協作為塑造印度數位支付未來所做的貢獻。

“SFBs and payments banks offer last-mile connectivity solutions, drive financial inclusion, and foster trust in underserved regions. Through initiatives like NPCI Synergy, we are committed to shaping the future of payments and driving inclusive growth for all,” said Dilip Asbe, MD & CEO of NPCI.

「SFB 和支付銀行提供最後一哩的連接解決方案，推動金融包容性，並培養服務欠缺地區的信任。透過 NPCI Synergy 等舉措，我們致力於塑造支付的未來並推動所有人的包容性成長。

Recently, the RBI also suggested small businesses adopt digital payment systems, like the UPI, to create a digital footprint for their financial transactions. This is expected to make it easier for lenders to assess the firm’s financials and reduce the credit gap.

最近，印度儲備銀行還建議小型企業採用 UPI 等數位支付系統，為其金融交易創建數位足跡。預計這將使貸方更容易評估公司的財務狀況並縮小信貸缺口。

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