靶向HER2表達癌症的免疫療法表現出希望

倫敦[英國]，3月16日：激活患者自身針對癌症的免疫系統的免疫療法或抗體治療，越來越多地研究成為化學療法和放療的一種替代方法。

Immunotherapy, or antibody treatment that activates the patient's own immune system against cancer, is increasingly being studied as an alternative to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This is because it directly targets cancer cells, reducing the negative effects associated with more conventional treatments.

越來越多地研究了激活患者自身免疫系統針對癌症的免疫治療的免疫療法或抗體治療，作為化學療法和放療的替代方法。這是因為它直接靶向癌細胞，減少與更多常規治療相關的負面影響。

Tumours, such as some breast and ovarian cancers, can express the marker HER2. HER2 is responsible for cancer growth and is the target of existing therapies, such as the most commonly used type of antibodies, IgG. However, this treatment is not always effective in some patients.

腫瘤，例如某些乳腺癌和卵巢癌，可以表達標記HER2。 HER2負責癌症的生長，是現有療法的靶標，例如最常用的抗體類型IgG。但是，這種治療在某些患者中並不總是有效的。

Now, scientists have investigated a different antibody type, IgE, which activates the patient's immune system in different ways than IgG. As they act on different immune cells to IgG, IgE antibodies uniquely stimulate otherwise inactive immune cells in the 'microenvironment' surrounding the tumour to target the cancer cells directly.

現在，科學家已經研究了另一種抗體類型IgE，該抗體類型以不同於IgG的方式激活患者的免疫系統。當它們對IgG的不同免疫細胞作用時，IgE抗體在腫瘤周圍的“微環境”中唯一刺激了其他無活躍的免疫細胞，以直接靶向癌細胞。

In the study, led by Dr Heather Bax at King's College London, the team engineered IgE versions of existing IgG therapies and tested their ability to activate immune cells against HER2-expressing cancer cells.

在這項研究中，由倫敦國王學院的希瑟·巴克斯（Heather Bax）博士領導，該小組設計了現有的IgG療法的IGE版本，並測試了其激活免疫細胞針對錶達HER2表達癌細胞的能力。

IgE was shown to direct immune cells against HER2-expressing cancer cells, and slowed tumour growth in mice. The tumours grown in mice are known to be resistant to conventional treatments, suggesting this new treatment could be an option for patients who don't respond to existing therapy.

證明IgE可以針對錶達HER2的癌細胞的免疫細胞，並減慢小鼠的腫瘤生長。眾所周知，在小鼠中生長的腫瘤對常規治療具有抗性，這表明這種新療法可能是對現有治療反應的患者的一種選擇。

Further investigation revealed that IgE antibodies stimulated and reprogrammed the 'immune microenvironment' around the tumours themselves, shifting from an immunosuppressive to an immunostimulatory response. This means the immune system was activated to target the cancer cells and overcome the tumour's actions to suppress attack.

進一步的研究表明，IgE抗體刺激並重新編程了腫瘤本身周圍的“免疫微環境”，從免疫抑制轉變為免疫刺激反應。這意味著將免疫系統激活以靶向癌細胞並克服腫瘤抑制攻擊的作用。

The study has shown the potential of IgE as a new therapy for HER2-expressing cancers, including those resistant to other treatments. The researchers believe that, with the right investment and development, this approach could be used in humans in as soon as 3-5 years.

該研究表明，IgE是一種表達HER2癌症的新療法，包括那些對其他療法的抗藥性。研究人員認為，借助正確的投資和發展，這種方法可以在3 - 5年內在人類中使用。

Senior Author Dr Heather Bax, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in St. John's Institute of Dermatology, at King's College London, said, "Around 20% of breast and ovarian cancers express the marker, HER2. By generating anti-HER2 IgE antibodies equivalent to the clinically used IgGs, for the first time we demonstrate that IgEs harness unique mechanisms to reprogramme the immune microenvironment, switching immune cells to effectively target HER2-expressing cancers, including those resistant to existing therapies.

倫敦國王學院聖約翰皮膚病學研究院研究員博士後研究員Heather Bax博士說：“大約有20％的乳腺癌和卵巢癌表達了Her2的標記。細胞有效地靶向表達HER2的癌症，包括對現有療法的抗性癌症。

"Our findings indicate that IgE antibodies could offer a potential new therapy option for patients with HER2-expressing cancer."

“我們的發現表明，IgE抗體可以為表達HER2癌症患者提供潛在的新療法選擇。”

Co-Author Professor Sophia Karagiannis, Professor of Translational Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, in St. John's Institute of Dermatology, at King's College London, added, "By generating a panel of IgE antibodies and studying them in different tumour types, we consistently found that the human immune system reacts in the presence of IgE to restrict the growth of cancer.

倫敦國王學院的聖約翰皮膚病學研究所的轉化癌症免疫學和免疫療法教授Sophia Karagiannis教授Sophia Karagiannis補充說：“通過生成一系列IgE抗體，並在不同的腫瘤類型中研究它們，我們一直在人類免疫系統中始終發現人類免疫系統在IGE造成IGE的生長中會反應癌症。

"The findings of our latest study speak to the potential of applying IgE to stimulate effective responses against hard-to-treat solid tumours. This new class of drugs holds promise to benefit different patient groups and opens a new frontier in the battle against cancer."

“我們最新研究的結果表明，應用IGE來刺激對難以治療的實體瘤的有效反應。這類新的藥物有望使不同的患者群體受益，並在抗癌戰鬥中開闢了新的邊界。”

Dr Kotryna Temcinaite, head of research communications and engagement at Breast Cancer Now, who provided funding for the study, said, "This exciting research could lead to much-needed new treatments for people with HER2 positive breast cancer whose cancers don't respond to existing therapies. Now we know that the treatment works in principle in mice, researchers can continue to develop this immunotherapy to make it suitable for people, as well as to understand the full effect it could have and who it may benefit the most."

為這項研究提供資金的研究傳播和參與的負責人Kotryna Temcinaite博士說：“這項令人興奮的研究可能會導致急需的HER2乳腺癌患者的新療法，他們的癌症對現有療法沒有反應。現在，我們的癌症原則上的治療方法可以使研究人員在效果中發展起來，並能夠使人們能夠及時地理解，並能夠使人們變得適合人們的效果。 最多。”