靶向HER2表达癌症的免疫疗法表现出希望

伦敦[英国]，3月16日：激活患者自身针对癌症的免疫系统的免疫疗法或抗体治疗，越来越多地研究成为化学疗法和放疗的一种替代方法。

Immunotherapy, or antibody treatment that activates the patient's own immune system against cancer, is increasingly being studied as an alternative to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This is because it directly targets cancer cells, reducing the negative effects associated with more conventional treatments.

越来越多地研究了激活患者自身免疫系统针对癌症的免疫治疗的免疫疗法或抗体治疗，作为化学疗法和放疗的替代方法。这是因为它直接靶向癌细胞，减少与更多常规治疗相关的负面影响。

Tumours, such as some breast and ovarian cancers, can express the marker HER2. HER2 is responsible for cancer growth and is the target of existing therapies, such as the most commonly used type of antibodies, IgG. However, this treatment is not always effective in some patients.

肿瘤，例如某些乳腺癌和卵巢癌，可以表达标记HER2。 HER2负责癌症的生长，是现有疗法的靶标，例如最常用的抗体类型IgG。但是，这种治疗在某些患者中并不总是有效的。

Now, scientists have investigated a different antibody type, IgE, which activates the patient's immune system in different ways than IgG. As they act on different immune cells to IgG, IgE antibodies uniquely stimulate otherwise inactive immune cells in the 'microenvironment' surrounding the tumour to target the cancer cells directly.

现在，科学家已经研究了另一种抗体类型IgE，该抗体类型以不同于IgG的方式激活患者的免疫系统。当它们对IgG的不同免疫细胞作用时，IgE抗体在肿瘤周围的“微环境”中唯一刺激了其他无活跃的免疫细胞，以直接靶向癌细胞。

In the study, led by Dr Heather Bax at King's College London, the team engineered IgE versions of existing IgG therapies and tested their ability to activate immune cells against HER2-expressing cancer cells.

在这项研究中，由伦敦国王学院的希瑟·巴克斯（Heather Bax）博士领导，该小组设计了现有的IgG疗法的IGE版本，并测试了其激活免疫细胞针对表达HER2表达癌细胞的能力。

IgE was shown to direct immune cells against HER2-expressing cancer cells, and slowed tumour growth in mice. The tumours grown in mice are known to be resistant to conventional treatments, suggesting this new treatment could be an option for patients who don't respond to existing therapy.

证明IgE可以针对表达HER2的癌细胞的免疫细胞，并减慢小鼠的肿瘤生长。众所周知，在小鼠中生长的肿瘤对常规治疗具有抗性，这表明这种新疗法可能是对现有治疗反应的患者的一种选择。

Further investigation revealed that IgE antibodies stimulated and reprogrammed the 'immune microenvironment' around the tumours themselves, shifting from an immunosuppressive to an immunostimulatory response. This means the immune system was activated to target the cancer cells and overcome the tumour's actions to suppress attack.

进一步的研究表明，IgE抗体刺激并重新编程了肿瘤本身周围的“免疫微环境”，从免疫抑制转变为免疫刺激反应。这意味着将免疫系统激活以靶向癌细胞并克服肿瘤抑制攻击的作用。

The study has shown the potential of IgE as a new therapy for HER2-expressing cancers, including those resistant to other treatments. The researchers believe that, with the right investment and development, this approach could be used in humans in as soon as 3-5 years.

该研究表明，IgE是一种表达HER2癌症的新疗法，包括那些对其他疗法的抗药性。研究人员认为，借助正确的投资和发展，这种方法可以在3 - 5年内在人类中使用。

Senior Author Dr Heather Bax, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in St. John's Institute of Dermatology, at King's College London, said, "Around 20% of breast and ovarian cancers express the marker, HER2. By generating anti-HER2 IgE antibodies equivalent to the clinically used IgGs, for the first time we demonstrate that IgEs harness unique mechanisms to reprogramme the immune microenvironment, switching immune cells to effectively target HER2-expressing cancers, including those resistant to existing therapies.

伦敦国王学院圣约翰皮肤病学研究院研究员博士后研究员Heather Bax博士说：“大约有20％的乳腺癌和卵巢癌表达了Her2的标记。细胞有效地靶向表达HER2的癌症，包括对现有疗法的抗性癌症。

"Our findings indicate that IgE antibodies could offer a potential new therapy option for patients with HER2-expressing cancer."

“我们的发现表明，IgE抗体可以为表达HER2癌症患者提供潜在的新疗法选择。”

Co-Author Professor Sophia Karagiannis, Professor of Translational Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, in St. John's Institute of Dermatology, at King's College London, added, "By generating a panel of IgE antibodies and studying them in different tumour types, we consistently found that the human immune system reacts in the presence of IgE to restrict the growth of cancer.

伦敦国王学院的圣约翰皮肤病学研究所的转化癌症免疫学和免疫疗法教授Sophia Karagiannis教授Sophia Karagiannis补充说：“通过生成一系列IgE抗体，并在不同的肿瘤类型中研究它们，我们一直在人类免疫系统中始终发现人类免疫系统在IGE造成IGE的生长中会反应癌症。

"The findings of our latest study speak to the potential of applying IgE to stimulate effective responses against hard-to-treat solid tumours. This new class of drugs holds promise to benefit different patient groups and opens a new frontier in the battle against cancer."

“我们最新研究的结果表明，应用IGE来刺激对难以治疗的实体瘤的有效反应。这类新的药物有望使不同的患者群体受益，并在抗癌战斗中开辟了新的边界。”

Dr Kotryna Temcinaite, head of research communications and engagement at Breast Cancer Now, who provided funding for the study, said, "This exciting research could lead to much-needed new treatments for people with HER2 positive breast cancer whose cancers don't respond to existing therapies. Now we know that the treatment works in principle in mice, researchers can continue to develop this immunotherapy to make it suitable for people, as well as to understand the full effect it could have and who it may benefit the most."

为这项研究提供资金的研究传播和参与的负责人Kotryna Temcinaite博士说：“这项令人兴奋的研究可能会导致急需的HER2乳腺癌患者的新疗法，他们的癌症对现有疗法没有反应。现在，我们的癌症原则上的治疗方法可以使研究人员在效果中发展起来，并能够使人们能够及时地理解，并能够使人们变得适合人们的效果。 最多。”