基層支持兩個比特幣改進建議（BIP）似乎正在出現

本文首先出現在Blockspace Media上，該媒體是領先的比特幣行業出版物，致力於涵蓋比特幣技術，市場，採礦和序列。

Grassroots support for two bitcoin improvement proposals (BIP) appears to be emerging for Bitcoin’s next soft fork, centered around two candidates: BIPs 119 and 348. Together, these two BIPs are often referred to by their respective opcodes: OP_CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFY (CTV) and OP_CHECKSIGFROMSTACK (CSFS).

基層對兩個比特幣改進建議（BIP）的支持似乎正在為比特幣的下一個軟叉而出現，圍繞兩個候選人：BIPS 119和348。共同的兩個BIP通常由其各自的Opcodes提及：OP_CHECKTEMPLAINTY（CTV）和OP_CHECKSIGFROMSTACK（CSIGFOMSTACK（CSIGSIGFOMSTACK）。

BIPs are the formal method for discussion of proposed changes to Bitcoin. Theoretically, if a BIP gains sufficient widespread support, it will be added to Bitcoin, by way of a soft fork or a routine update to Bitcoin Core. Often, these BIPs are referred to by nicknames and multiple proposals may be included in a soft fork. BIP 119 refers to CTV while BIP 348 refers to CSFS.

BIP是討論提議更改比特幣的形式方法。從理論上講，如果BIP獲得足夠的廣泛支持，則將通過軟叉或對比特幣核心的例行更新將其添加到比特幣中。通常，這些BIP被暱稱提到，並且可以包含多個建議。 BIP 119是指CTV，而BIP 348則指CSF。

This article first appeared on Blockspace Media, the leading Bitcoin industry publication dedicated to covering Bitcoin tech, markets, mining, and ordinals. Get Blockspace articles directly in your inbox by clicking here.

本文首先出現在Blockspace Media上，該媒體是領先的比特幣行業出版物，致力於涵蓋比特幣技術，市場，採礦和序列。單擊此處，直接在收件箱中獲取Blockspace文章。

Bitcoin’s technical community typically debates these BIPs exhaustively. The Taproot Wizards–a Bitcoin development firm most well known for its Bitcoin NFTs–put out a helpful graphic explaining the confusing and seemingly circular process of these discussions.

比特幣的技術社區通常會詳盡地辯論這些BIP。 Taproot嚮導是一家以其比特幣NFT為聞名的比特幣開發公司，並提供了有用的圖形，解釋了這些討論的混亂且看似循環的過程。

In short, the Bitcoin soft fork process requires a rough estimate of support from Bitcoin’s stakeholders, including developers, custodians, investors and miners. The best proxy for this stakeholder support remains Bitcoin miners, who can flag support for an alteration to the codebase by signaling for changes in their mined blocks. Typically, Bitcoin Core asks for 95% of blocks over a period to signal for the change before locking in the update for activation.

簡而言之，比特幣軟叉進程需要對比特幣利益相關者（包括開發商，保管人，投資者和礦工）的支持進行粗略的估計。該利益相關者支持的最佳代理仍然是比特幣礦工，他們可以通過信號來支持對代碼庫進行更改的支持。通常，比特幣核心要求在一段時間內要求95％的塊來發出更改的信號，然後再鎖定更新以進行激活。

Still, there’s no definitive heuristic for defining what “widespread support” looks like, and Bitcoin consensus is a constantly evolving, moving target. Miners are useful for signalling a change only because they are a truly ‘countable’ entity on the Bitcoin network. In other words, it’s difficult to get a say of meat world consensus given Bitcoin’s decentralized structure.

儘管如此，還沒有確定“廣泛支持”的樣子的確定性，比特幣共識是一個不斷發展的動態目標。礦工僅是因為他們是比特幣網絡上真正的“可計數”實體而有用的。換句話說，鑑於比特幣的分散結構，很難就肉類世界共識。

Over the course of February and March, we’ve registered a definite shift as numerous developers gave their explicit support for the two BIPs.

在2月和3月的整個過程中，由於許多開發人員對這兩個BIPS提供了明確的支持，因此我們進行了明確的轉變。

What’s in a proposal?

提案中有什麼？

Over the course of the last few weeks, numerous Western Bitcoin developers tweeted their support for CTV and CSFS – a strong signal that at least the Twitterverse is coming together in favor of certain changes to Bitcoin.

在過去的幾周中，許多西部比特幣開發人員在推特上發布了對CTV和CSF的支持 - 強烈的信號表明，至少Twitterverse融合在一起，支持對比特幣的某些變化。

CTV and CSFS allow new ways of writing Bitcoin script. Bitcoin script is Bitcoin’s lower-level programming language used for, among other things, creating and sending transactions. Proposed by former Bitcoin core contributor Jeremy Rubin, CTV has been around for more than half a decade, whereas CSFS was only formalized in November 2024 by Jeremy Rubin and Brandon Black.

CTV和CSF允許編寫比特幣腳本的新方法。比特幣腳本是比特幣的低級編程語言，用於創建和發送交易。 CTV由前比特幣核心貢獻者傑里米·魯賓（Jeremy Rubin）提出，已經存在了五年多，而CSFS僅在2024年11月由Jeremy Rubin和Brandon Black正式化。

These two BIPs would enable “covenants” on Bitcoin. A covenant simply restricts the way a wallet can spend bitcoin in future transactions. Covenants are generally expected to significantly improve the landscape for Bitcoin self-custody, fee management, and enhance existing Bitcoin tech like Lightning, Ark, and contract-based applications.

這兩個BIP將在比特幣上實現“盟約”。盟約只是限制了錢包可以在未來交易中花費比特幣的方式。普遍期望盟約可以顯著改善比特幣自我顧客，費用管理的景觀，並增強現有的比特幣技術，例如閃電，方舟和基於合同的應用。

Additionally, developers consider these two proposals to be “narrowly defined.” In layman's terms, this means, if they are activated, there is a low probability of users exploiting them for something unexpected. The Bitcoin developer community tends to cautiously deliberate any changes to Bitcoin. For example, even though BIP 119 has remained unchanged for nearly half a decade, there was once a time not long ago when CTV was considered far too aggressive for activation.

此外，開發人員認為這兩個建議是“狹義的定義”。用外行的話來說，這意味著，如果它們被激活，則用戶借鑒了這些東西的可能性很小。比特幣開發人員社區傾向於謹慎考慮對比特幣的任何更改。例如，即使BIP 119一直保持不變已有近五年的歷史，但不久前一次，CTV被認為太激進而無法激活。

A long time coming

很長時間

You may remember that Rubin’s previous campaign for CTV received strong pushback – notably from Bitcoiners with large followings, including Adam Back and Jimmy Song. The criticisms evolved into significant pushback from many in the bitcoin community, finally leading to Rubin taking a step back from Bitcoin all together.

您可能還記得，魯賓之前針對CTV的競選活動受到了強大的推動力 - 特別是來自具有大量追隨者的比特幣，包括Adam Back和Jimmy Song。批評從比特幣社區中的許多人出發，最終導致魯賓一起退後一步。

So what changed? Recent advocacy for the OP_CAT opcode (BIP 347) seems to have widened the Overton Window of acceptable Bitcoin proposals, framing CTV & CSFS as the comparatively “conservative” options. It’s important to note that most OP_CAT supporters are also in favor of BIPs 119 and 348 (and most proposals in general).

那麼發生了什麼變化呢？ OP_CAT OPCODE（BIP 347）的最新倡導似乎擴大了可接受的比特幣建議的Overton窗口，將CTV＆CSF構建為相對的“保守”選項。重要的是要注意，大多數OP_CAT支持者也都支持BIPS 119和348（以及大多數建議）。

What can we expect next? For one, more conversation. Developers are expected to gather at a few technical conferences such as OPNEXT in April, BTC++ in July and TABConf in October. Once developers begin to form rough consensus, then the actual activation of the soft fork moves to the miners, community and investors.

接下來我們可以期待什麼？一方面，更多的對話。預計開發人員將在4月的OPNEXT，7月的BTC ++和10月的TabConf舉行一些技術會議上聚集。一旦開發人員開始建立粗糙的共識，那麼軟叉的實際激活就會移至礦工，社區和投資者。

However, there isn’t a formalized process for “how to soft fork Bitcoin.” So we’re left with a lot of open questions. For example, will a potential soft fork include just CTV and CSFS? Will OP_CAT – which is often included in this opcode suite – join the conversation? How will an actual soft fork activation happen? And will other stakeholders like Bitcoin miners take note?

但是，“如何軟叉比特幣”沒有正式的過程。因此，我們遇到了很多開放的問題。例如，潛在的軟叉是否僅包括CTV和CSF？ OP_CAT（通常包含在此OpCode Suite中）會加入對話嗎？實際的軟叉激活將如何發生？像比特幣礦工這樣的其他利益相關者會注意嗎？

Only

僅有的