二合一：探索澳紐軍團日紀念活動中的澳洲傳統

二上是一種傳統的澳洲賭博遊戲，涉及將兩枚硬幣旋轉到空中，並押注它們落地的結果是正面還是反面。主要比賽由旋轉者和拳擊手組成，旋轉者的目標是在連續三輪中擲兩個頭。觀眾之間進行二次投注，個人對正面或反面下注，並保持賭注直到結果確定。邊注的獲勝者和旋轉者的命運取決於拋硬幣的結果。如果連續擲出三個正面，則旋轉者獲勝；如果擲出兩條尾巴，則旋轉者輸。二人制比賽通常在澳紐軍團日舉行，各州的規定有所不同。

Two-Up: A Comprehensive Guide to Australia's Anzac Day Tradition

二合一：澳洲澳紐軍團日傳統綜合指南

Introduction

介紹

Anzac Day, solemnly observed on the 25th of April each year, holds deep significance for Australia. It is a day of remembrance and commemoration for the brave men and women who have made the ultimate sacrifice for their country. Traditional activities such as the dawn service, bacon and egg rolls, and a few drinks form an integral part of Anzac Day observances. One such tradition that has become synonymous with this solemn occasion is the game of two-up.

每年 4 月 25 日隆重慶祝的澳新軍團日對澳洲具有深遠的意義。這是紀念為國家做出最終犧牲的勇敢男女的日子。黎明禮拜、培根和蛋捲以及一些飲料等傳統活動是澳新軍團日紀念活動不可或缺的一部分。二人制遊戲已成為此莊嚴場合的代名詞。

Origins of Two-Up

二合一的起源

Two-up, a traditional Australian gambling game, traces its roots back to pitch and toss, a simple game involving tossing a single coin in the air and betting on its outcome. Over time, a second coin was added, giving birth to the iconic game of two-up.

Two-up 是一種傳統的澳洲賭博遊戲，其根源可以追溯到投球和投擲，這是一種簡單的遊戲，涉及將一枚硬幣拋向空中並對其結果進行投注。隨著時間的推移，第二枚硬幣被添加進來，誕生了標誌性的雙人遊戲。

Its popularity surged in 18th-century England, particularly among impoverished English and Irish citizens. As the gold rush drew hopeful settlers from around the globe to Australia in the 1800s, they brought with them not only their dreams of fortune but also their cherished pastimes, including two-up. By the 1850s, the game had become a staple pastime in the goldfields of Kalgoorlie and Broken Hill.

它在 18 世紀的英國迅速流行，尤其是在貧困的英國和愛爾蘭公民中。 1800 年代，淘金熱吸引了來自世界各地充滿希望的定居者來到澳大利亞，他們不僅帶來了財富夢想，還帶來了他們所珍惜的消遣，包括兩人一起。到了 1850 年代，這項運動已成為卡爾古利和布羅肯希爾金礦區的主要消遣活動。

Two-Up during World War I

第一次世界大戰期間的二人制

Two-up's enduring popularity continued throughout the early 1900s, reaching a poignant peak during World War I. Australian soldiers, deployed in the trenches and aboard troopships, found solace and camaraderie in the game. This wartime association cemented two-up's strong connection to Anzac Day, a day that honors the sacrifices of Australian and New Zealand soldiers.

Two-up 的受歡迎程度在整個 1900 年代初一直持續，並在第一次世界大戰期間達到頂峰。這場戰時協會鞏固了 Two-up 與澳紐軍團日的緊密聯繫，這一天是為了紀念澳洲和紐西蘭士兵的犧牲。

How to Play Two-Up

如何玩二人遊戲

Played primarily in pubs and clubs, two-up involves two main types of betting activities. The primary game involves two key roles: the 'spinner' and the 'boxer' or 'ringkeeper.' The spinner, holding two coins (known as pennies) with their tails marked by a distinctive white cross, throws the coins into the air using a flat paddle called a 'kip.' The objective is to land two heads in three consecutive rounds. The spinner places their bet with the boxer, who then seeks a matching opposite bet from someone in the crowd.

二人投注主要在酒吧和俱樂部進行，涉及兩種主要類型的投注活動。主要遊戲涉及兩個關鍵角色：「旋轉者」和「拳擊手」或「守環者」。旋轉者手持兩枚硬幣（稱為便士），硬幣的尾部有一個獨特的白色十字標記，然後使用稱為“kip”的扁平槳將硬幣拋向空中。目標是在連續三輪比賽中取得兩個頭。旋轉者向拳擊手下注，然後拳擊手從人群中的某個人那裡尋找匹配的相反賭注。

Meanwhile, secondary betting takes place among spectators. Individuals signal their bets on 'heads' or 'tails' by tapping a banknote on their head or against their waist or buttocks, respectively. A 'heads' bettor typically taps their head with a banknote, while a 'tails' bettor taps a banknote against their waist or buttocks. Spectators find someone displaying the opposite bet to pair with, and the 'heads' bettor holds the total cash being wagered while the game is in progress.

同時，觀眾之間進行二次投注。人們將鈔票分別敲擊自己的頭部、腰部或臀部來表示押注「正面」或「反面」。 「正面」投注者通常用鈔票敲擊他們的頭部，而「背面」投注者則用鈔票敲擊他們的腰部或臀部。觀眾會發現有人展示相反的賭注來配對，而「正面」投注者則在比賽進行期間持有所下注的全部現金。

Before the spinner releases the coins, the boxer makes the call "Final Bets" or "All bets are off," signaling the end of the betting phase. If the spinner successfully lands two heads in three consecutive rounds, their bet is doubled in each round, leading to a potential win of $40 from an initial $5 bet. However, if the spinner tosses two tails at any point, they forfeit their original wager, and a new spinner takes over to start a new game.

在旋轉者釋放硬幣之前，拳擊手喊出“最終投注”或“所有投注結束”，表示投注階段結束。如果旋轉者在連續三輪中成功擊中兩個頭，他們的賭注將在每一輪中翻倍，從而可能從最初的 5 美元賭注中贏得 40 美元。然而，如果旋轉者在任何時候拋出兩個反面，他們就會放棄原來的賭注，並由新的旋轉者接管並開始新遊戲。

After the boxer announces the outcome of the coin toss, bets are settled accordingly. Individuals who bet on heads collect the money if the result is 'heads,' while those who bet on tails collect their winnings if the result is 'tails.'

拳擊手宣布擲硬幣的結果後，投注將相應結算。如果結果是“正面”，押注正面的人將獲得獎金；如果結果是“反面”，押注反面的人將獲得獎金。

Laws of Two-Up in Australia

澳洲的二人法則

The legality of two-up varies from state to state in Australia. Despite the common misconception that it is illegal on all days except Anzac Day, several states have relaxed their regulations.

澳洲各州的二人制合法性各不相同。儘管人們普遍認為除澳新軍團日外的所有日子都是非法的，但一些州已經放寬了規定。

• New South Wales: The most liberal two-up laws can be found in New South Wales. It is legal to play two-up on three days: Anzac Day (25th April), Victory in the Pacific Day (15th August), and Remembrance Day (11th November after midday). Social entertainment permits anyone to play, while registered clubs can host two-up games as fundraisers.
• Victoria: Two-up is permitted in Victoria at RSL clubs, sub-branches, or any venue utilized by the RSL on Anzac Day or during commemorative functions leading up to it.
• Queensland: A two-up game is legal in Queensland if hosted by an RSL, Services Club, or licensed premises that have obtained written permission from an RSL sub-branch for an official Anzac Day event or another designated day of remembrance for military veterans.
• South Australia: Anzac Day is the only day when two-up is legal in South Australia. It can be played only on premises owned or operated by the Returned Services League or the Australian Defence Forces.
• Western Australia: Western Australia has stricter two-up laws. Clubs seeking to host two-up on Anzac Day must submit a written application to the Department of Local Government, Sport and Cultural Industries. If the venue is within a 100km radius of Crown Perth, permission must be obtained from the casino or, on Anzac Day, from The Minister for Racing and Gaming.
• Tasmania: Two-up is permitted only on Anzac Day, between the hours of 6:00 am and 6:00 pm, and only on premises where the majority of members are former members of the defence forces.
• ACT: Two-up is legal on Anzac Day as long as no charge, commission, or fee is involved, except for charitable purposes.
• Northern Territory: RSL clubs may host two-up games on Anzac Day.

Note:

新南威爾斯：最自由的二人制法律位於新南威爾斯。三天內進行兩場比賽是合法的：澳新軍團日（4 月 25 日）、太平洋勝利日（8 月 15 日）和陣亡將士紀念日（11 月 11 日中午後）。社交娛樂允許任何人玩，而註冊俱樂部可以舉辦兩人遊戲作為籌款活動。州：如果由RSL、服務俱樂部或已獲得RSL 分會書面許可的官方澳新軍團日活動或其他指定日期的許可場所主辦，則兩人制比賽在昆士蘭州是合法的。澳紐軍團日是南澳唯一合法兩人參賽的日子。它只能在歸國軍人聯盟或澳洲國防軍擁有或經營的場所進行。尋求在澳紐軍團日舉辦兩人制比賽的俱樂部必須向當地政府、體育和文化產業部提交書面申請。如果場地位於珀斯皇冠(Crown Perth) 半徑100 公里範圍內，則必須獲得賭場的許可，或者在澳新軍團日(Anzac Day) 獲得賽馬和博彩部長的許可。新軍團日(Anzac Day) 6 點之間允許進行兩輪比賽。或費用，在澳新軍團日，兩人合是合法的，除非出於慈善目的。

Two notable exceptions exist: Broken Hill in New South Wales has secured a special license from the NSW government, and a solitary shed in Kalgoorlie hosts two-up on Sunday afternoons. These are the only two places in Australia where two-up is legal year-round.

存在兩個值得注意的例外：新南威爾士州的布羅肯希爾已經獲得了新南威爾士州政府的特別許可，而卡爾古利的一個單獨的棚屋在周日下午舉辦了兩場比賽。這是澳洲僅有的兩個全年允許二人制比賽的地方。

Conclusion

結論

Two-up has played an enduring role in Australian history, transcending its origins as a simple gambling game to become a symbol of national identity and a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by Australian soldiers. As a tradition that continues to be cherished on Anzac Day, two-up serves as a testament to the resilience and camaraderie that have shaped Australia's national character.

兩人遊戲在澳洲歷史上發揮了持久的作用，超越了其作為簡單賭博遊戲的起源，成為國家認同的象徵，並深刻地提醒人們澳洲士兵所做的犧牲。作為澳紐軍團日繼續受到珍惜的傳統，兩人一組證明了塑造澳洲民族性格的韌性和友誼。