能源幣

9 月 26 日星期四，拉脫維亞銀行將發行一枚收藏幣，致力於紀念科學在我們生活中的作用以及科學家們堅持不懈地尋求人類未來問題的答案。

On 26 September, Latvijas Banka will issue a collector coin dedicated to the role of science in our lives and the scientists' persistence in seeking answers to questions about the future of humanity.

9 月 26 日，拉脫維亞銀行將發行一枚紀念幣，致力於紀念科學在我們生活中的作用以及科學家們堅持不懈地尋求人類未來問題的答案。

The "Energy Coin" tells us about the biggest challenge of the modern world – the search for an inexhaustible source of energy to protect natural resources and achieve a balance between the whims of our age and the interests of future generations.

「能源幣」告訴我們現代世界面臨的最大挑戰——尋找取之不盡、用之不竭的能源來保護自然資源，並在我們這個時代的突發奇想和子孫後代的利益之間取得平衡。

When developing the design of the coin, world-renowned designer Germans Ermičs consulted scientists to find the visual solution for depicting the fundamental laws of physics that allow for the existence of an almost limitless source of energy – the nuclei of light chemical elements. When smaller nuclei combine to form larger ones, a tremendous amount of energy is released in the form of heat, but to start and maintain this fusion reaction, a temperature of millions of degrees and the pressure to hold the matter together for a long enough time are needed. In nature, such extreme conditions occur in stars.

在設計硬幣時，世界知名設計師德國人埃爾米奇斯諮詢了科學家，尋找視覺解決方案來描繪基本物理定律，這些定律允許幾乎無限的能源——輕化學元素的原子核的存在。當較小的原子核結合形成較大的原子核時，大量的能量以熱的形式釋放出來，但為了啟動和維持這種聚變反應，需要數百萬度的溫度和將物質長時間保持在一起的壓力需要。在自然界中，這種極端條件發生在恆星中。

It is the fusion of hydrogen nuclei that powers the Sun and thus indirectly drives all the renewable energy sources on Earth. Nuclear fusion energy has two major advantages: virtually inexhaustible fuel resources and a neutral impact on the climate.

氫核的聚變為太陽提供動力，從而間接驅動地球上所有的再生能源。核融合能源有兩大優點：幾乎取之不盡用之不竭的燃料資源和對氣候的中性影響。

Turning the principle of nuclear fusion into a practical and widely available technology is a major scientific and engineering challenge that tens of thousands of researchers around the world have already been working on for a long time. Their task is the mission of Prometheus – to bring down the spark of the Sun from the heavens to serve people. The Treaty of the European Atomic Energy Community is one of the oldest European cooperation frameworks. Latvian scientists also participate in it with their contribution to the creation of the prototypes of the world's largest nuclear fusion reactors – ITER and its successor DEMO.

將核融合原理轉化為實用且廣泛可用的技術是一項重大的科學和工程挑戰，全世界數以萬計的研究人員長期以來一直在致力於這項挑戰。他們的任務就是普羅米修斯的使命──從天上帶下太陽的火花來服務人類。 《歐洲原子能共同體條約》是歐洲最古老的合作架構之一。拉脫維亞科學家也參與其中，為世界上最大的核融合反應器原型的創建做出了貢獻——ITER 及其後繼者 DEMO。

The silver collector coin issued by Latvijas Banka depicts the particles involved in the hydrogen fusion reaction. The beads depicted on the coin represent elementary particles that make up nuclei: the silver hollows are neutrons, while the gold-plated beads are protons. Hydrogen nuclei with one proton are the raw materials, while a helium nucleus with two protons and a free neutron are the products of the fusion reaction.

拉脫維亞銀行發行的銀質收藏幣描繪了參與氫聚變反應的粒子。硬幣上描繪的珠子代表構成原子核的基本粒子：銀色空心是中子，而鍍金珠子是質子。具有一個質子的氫核是原料，而具有兩個質子和一個自由中子的氦核是聚變反應的產物。

The main conditions for nuclear fusion are high temperature and pressure. In stars, the conditions for nuclear fusion are ensured by a strong gravitational field, while in nuclear fusion reactors, the hot plasma is held together by special magnetic fields. The arrangement of lines on the coin resembles both the magnetic fields of large space objects and the stylised cross-section of a toroidal fusion reactor – the so-called tokamak. The relief of the coin with a recess in the centre also echoes the gravitational potential near a star or a black hole.

核融合的主要條件是高溫和高壓。在恆星中，強大的引力場保證了核融合的條件，而在核融合反應器中，熱等離子體由特殊的磁場結合在一起。硬幣上的線條排列類似於大型太空物體的磁場和環形聚變反應器（即所謂的託卡馬克）的程式化橫截面。硬幣中央凹陷的浮雕也與恆星或黑洞附近的引力位勢相呼應。

Honouring the contribution of Latvian scientists to the research of nuclear energy, the University of Latvia, in cooperation with Latvijas Banka, is organising a lecture dedicated to nuclear fusion "How to Tame the Energy of the Future" and the presentation of the Energy Coin. At the event, the lecture will be delivered by researcher of the Europe's largest nuclear fusion experiment project ITER (France) Bertrand Roques, while the author of the Energy Coin and artist Germans Ermičs will delve into the process of creating its design. An expert discussion moderated by quantum physicist and Professor of the University of Latvia Vjačeslavs Kaščejevs is also to be held at the event to address the future of Latvia's nuclear fusion and the synergy of science and art. Anyone interested is invited to attend the event free of charge at 14:00 on 26 September, at the House of Nature of the University of Latvia in Riga, Jelgavas iela 1.

為了表彰拉脫維亞科學家對核能研究的貢獻，拉脫維亞大學與拉脫維亞銀行合作，正在組織一場專門討論核融合的講座「如何馴服未來的能源」並介紹能源幣。活動中，歐洲最大核融合實驗計畫ITER研究員（法國）Bertrand Roques將主講，能源幣作者、藝術家Germans Ermičs將深入探討其設計過程。活動中還將舉行由量子物理學家、拉脫維亞大學教授 Vjačeslavs Kaščejevs 主持的專家討論會，討論拉脫維亞核融合的未來以及科學與藝術的協同作用。歡迎有興趣的人免費參加 9 月 26 日 14:00 在裡加拉脫維亞大學自然之家舉行的活動，地址：Jelgavas iela 1。

The collector coin will be available for purchase only on the website e-monetas.lv/en from 12:00 (noon) on 26 September. The price of the coin is 77.00 euro; the purchase limit for one buyer is 3 coins. The mintage of the coin is 3000. The coin was struck by Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (the Netherlands).

收藏幣將於 9 月 26 日 12:00（中午）起僅可在 e-monetas.lv/en 網站上購買。硬幣價格為 77.00 歐元；一位買家的購買限額為 3 個硬幣。該硬幣的發行量為 3000 枚。

ENERGY COIN

能源幣

Face value: 5 euro

面額：5歐元

Weight: 18.00 g

重量：18.00公克

Diameter: 30.00 mm

直徑：30.00毫米

Metal: silver of fineness .999°; with gilding

金屬：成色0.999°的銀；鍍金

Quality: proof

品質：證明

Maximum mintage: 3000

最大發行量：3000

Struck in 2024 by Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (the Netherlands)

荷蘭皇家造幣廠（荷蘭）於 2024 年鑄造

Artist

藝術家

Graphic design: Germans Ermičs

平面設計：德國人Ermičs

Obverse

正面

The obverse of the coin depicts the main nuclear energy production reaction. Nuclear components are depicted as silver hollows – neutrons and gold-plated beads – protons. The nuclei of two hydrogen isotopes – deuterium and tritium – fuse to form a helium nucleus and a free neutron. The opening in the centre of the coin represents the site of the reaction. The inscription "5 EURO" is placed on the right.

硬幣的正面描繪了主要的核能生產反應。核成分被描繪為銀空心——中子和鍍金珠子——質子。兩種氫同位素（氘和氚）的原子核融合形成氦核和自由中子。硬幣中心的開口代表反應的地點。右側刻有「5 歐元」字樣。

Reverse

反向