波米霍維克錢幣寶庫的發現讓我們一窺波蘭動盪的過去

波蘭搜尋者協會「Hussars」的成員在波米喬維克附近發現了一批罕見的 16 世紀和 17 世紀硬幣

Members of the Polish Association of Searchers “Hussars” have made a remarkable archaeological discovery. They unearthed a rare hoard of 16th and 17th-century coins near Pomiechówek, in east-central Poland. The discovery is being hailed as one of Poland’s most significant hoard finds, offering a glimpse into the country’s tumultuous past during the Thirty Years’ War and the surrounding periods.

波蘭「驃騎兵」搜尋者協會的成員取得了一項非凡的考古發現。他們在波蘭中東部波米霍維克附近出土了一批罕見的 16 世紀和 17 世紀硬幣。這項發現被譽為波蘭最重要的寶藏發現之一，讓人們得以一窺該國三十年戰爭及週邊時期動盪的過去。

Discovered by Sławomir and Szymon Milewscy during a survey aimed at uncovering a historical trade route dating back to Roman times, the hoard consists of 17 rare coins, mostly from Saxony, Brandenburg, and the Netherlands, and primarily dating from the early 17th century. Among the notable finds is a 1630 Sigismund III Vasa thaler, minted at the Toruń Mint, which is particularly valuable; a similar one in poorer condition fetched £16,500 (approximately $24,500) at a 2023 auction.

該寶藏由Sławomir 和Szymon Milewscy 在一項調查中發現，旨在揭示一條可追溯到羅馬時代的歷史貿易路線，其中包含17 枚稀有硬幣，大部分來自薩克森、勃蘭登堡和荷蘭，主要可追溯到17 世紀初。其中著名的發現包括 1630 年西吉斯蒙德三世瓦薩泰勒 (Sigismund III Vasa thaler)，由托倫造幣廠鑄造，價值極高；一件狀況較差的類似作品在 2023 年的一次拍賣會上以 16,500 英鎊（約 24,500 美元）的價格拍出。

The hoard also includes coins from notable European regions and leaders of the time, including Leopold V of Austria, Frederick I of Austria, and Johann Georg I of Saxony, further situating the hoard within the context of Europe’s shifting political landscapes during this era.

該寶藏還包括來自歐洲著名地區和當時領導人的硬幣，包括奧地利的利奧波德五世、奧地利的腓特烈一世和薩克森的約翰·格奧爾格一世，進一步將寶藏置於這個時代歐洲政治格局變化的背景下。

The coins predominantly date from the time of the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648), a devastating conflict that engulfed much of Europe. This period was marked by religious and political strife, and the coins found in Pomiechówek reflect the volatility of the time. The discovery adds another layer of historical value, as it connects to the broader European history of the early 17th century.

這些硬幣主要是三十年戰爭（1618-1648）時期的硬幣，這場毀滅性的衝突席捲了歐洲大部分地區。這一時期的特徵是宗教和政治衝突，波米霍維克發現的硬幣反映了當時的動盪。這項發現又增添了一層歷史價值，因為它與 17 世紀初更廣泛的歐洲歷史有關。

The question of why these coins were buried near Pomiechówek remains speculative, but one plausible theory points to the period of unrest in the mid-17th century. The region’s proximity to the 1655 battle between Swedish forces and the Polish Crown at Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki suggests that the hoard may have been buried for safekeeping during a time of war and turmoil.

為什麼這些硬幣被埋在 Pomiechówek 附近的問題仍然是猜測，但看似合理的理論指出了 17 世紀中葉的動亂時期。該地區靠近 1655 年瑞典軍隊與波蘭王室在馬佐維耶茨基新莊園 (Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki) 發生的戰鬥，這表明這些寶藏可能是在戰爭和動亂時期被埋藏起來以確保安全的。

Piotr Duda, an archaeologist from Triglav, emphasized the significance of the find, calling it “probably one of the largest finds of its kind ever discovered in Poland.” He also noted the hoard’s exceptional material value, which he estimated at around half a million złotys (approximately $124,000).

來自特里格拉夫的考古學家皮奧特·杜達（Piotr Duda）強調了這一發現的重要性，稱其「可能是波蘭迄今為止發現的最大的同類發現之一」。他還指出了這些寶藏的非凡物質價值，他估計其價值約為 50 萬茲羅提（約 12.4 萬美元）。

This discovery is not only important for its monetary value but also for its contribution to the understanding of Poland’s rich historical landscape. The hoard serves as a tangible link to a turbulent period in European history, one that shaped the political and social structures of the time. As experts continue to analyze the coins, it is expected that more insights into the daily life and economy of 17th-century Europe will emerge.

這項發現不僅因其貨幣價值而重要，而且對了解波蘭豐富的歷史景觀做出了貢獻。這些寶藏是歐洲歷史上一段動盪時期的實際聯繫，這段時期塑造了當時的政治和社會結構。隨著專家繼續對這些硬幣進行分析，預計將對 17 世紀歐洲的日常生活和經濟有更多的了解。