日本可以将数字资产从付款方式重新分类为金融产品

日本可能会将其数字资产的分类从支付方法更改为金融产品，此举将增加发行人的监管监督。

Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) is proposing that the national government change the classification of digital assets, aiming to increase regulatory oversight for issuers.

日本金融服务局（FSA）提出，国民政府改变了数字资产的分类，旨在增加发行人的监管监督。

This move is in response to an increasing number of investment scams as the digital asset market has grown to roughly JPY 4.5 trillion (USD 30.11 billion). The regulator proposes that the government review the change by the middle of 2025.

随着数字资产市场已增长到45万亿美元（3011亿美元），这一举动是对越来越多的投资骗局的回应。监管机构建议政府在2025年中期审查变更。

It would place digital (or “crypto”) assets under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, similar to company shares. Although there are technically already registration requirements for digital asset issuers, they are not as strict as those covering more “traditional” investments.

它将根据《金融工具与交换法》（Financial Instruments and Exchange Act）将数字（或“加密”）资产置于类似于公司股票的情况下。尽管从技术上讲，已经对数字资产发行人有注册要求，但它们并不像涵盖更多“传统”投资的人那样严格。

If adopted as policy and then law, this would mean far greater disclosure of issuers’ identities and corporate status. Digital assets in Japan are currently covered by the Payment Services Act.

如果被采用为政策，然后法律，这将意味着更大的披露发行人的身份和公司地位。日本的数字资产目前已由《支付服务法》涵盖。

This classifies them more as a form of payment than a financial instrument or investment—similar to in-app tokens, store loyalty points, or gift cards. The Act refers to such payment methods as “virtual currencies,” which may include any blockchain and non-blockchain digital assets other than digital versions of the national currency (JPY). To be a digital payment method, an asset must exist electronically and be recordable on an electronic device, have a property value, and can be exchanged for other goods or services.

这将他们归类为一种付款方式，而不是金融工具或投资，类似于应用程序内代币，存储忠诚度点或礼品卡。该法指的是“虚拟货币”等付款方式，其中可能包括除国籍货币（JPY）以外的数字版本以外的任何区块链和非区块链数字资产。要成为一种数字支付方法，资产必须以电子方式存在，并且在电子设备上可记录，具有财产价值，并且可以换成其他商品或服务。

Since 2017, the FSA has defined the “crypto assets” subcategory more specifically, with tighter regulations for exchange platforms. In the years since then, more regulations have been aimed at protecting consumers, such as prohibiting misleading advertisements and increasing customer ID requirements, as well as scrutiny of transactions involving stablecoins.

自2017年以来，FSA已更具体地定义了“加密资产”子类别，并针对交换平台进行了更严格的规定。从那以后的几年中，更多的法规旨在保护消费者，例如禁止误导性广告和增加客户ID要求，以及对涉及StableCoins的交易的审查。

Anyone who’s ever used a public chat app is used to seeing a multitude of investment scams, and it’s highly probable the word “crypto” will appear somewhere in the blurb. Most will ignore them, but the percentage of users gullible enough to throw money at strangers makes them worthwhile.

任何曾经使用过公共聊天应用程序的人都可以看到多种投资骗局，而且很可能“加密”一词将出现在blurb中。大多数人会忽略他们，但是足够易受损的用户比例可以向陌生人扔钱，这使他们值得。

Some schemes would seem bizarre to anyone with an ounce of skepticism, but Japan’s large population (a high percentage of which is over 60 years old) still means there are plenty of potential marks. One example from 2023 involved a Tokyo-based company called VISION and its “affiliates” that sold shares in rental “USB devices” in return for cash payouts. When the cash payments ran out, VISION began paying investors in a cryptocoin called “V Cash,” an asset that did exist, but wasn’t listed on any exchange and was essentially worthless. Over 3,000 people fell for the scheme, losing over $1 million in total.

有些计划对任何怀有怀疑的人来说似乎都很奇怪，但是日本的人口众多（其中很高的60岁以上）仍然意味着有很多潜在的印记。 2023年的一个例子涉及一家总部位于东京的公司，名为Vision及其“分支机构”，该公司出售了租金“ USB设备”中的股份，以换取现金支出。当现金付款耗尽时，视力开始向投资者支付名为“ V Cash”的加密货币，这确实存在，但并未在任何交易所上列出，本质上是毫无价值的。超过3,000人跌落了该计划，总共损失了超过100万美元。

Bitcoin was the first blockchain network to appear, but since its initial release in 2009, thousands more blockchains have been created, each with its own native token. Tokenization protocols on many of those networks have made creating a blockchain-verifiable digital asset relatively simple and selling it as the “next hot coin” to anyone willing to buy some.

比特币是第一个出现的区块链网络，但是自2009年最初发布以来，已经创建了数千个区块链，每个区块链都有自己的本机令牌。这些网络中的许多网络上的标记协议使创建一个可靠的区块链验证的数字资产相对简单，并将其作为愿意购买一些人的任何人出售为“下一个热硬币”。

Even with enhanced registration requirements, scammers will always find ways to scam—especially since many schemes don’s even involve actual digital assets or have an issuer to register. However, they may reduce the number of “pump and dump” schemes that issue an asset and inflate the price before the issuer and their groups of insiders sell off their bags at an agreed time, causing market prices to crash and leaving more gullible buyers with nothing but worthless digital tokens.See More

即使有了增强的注册要求，骗子也总是会找到骗局的方法 - 尤其是因为许多计划甚至涉及实际的数字资产或有发行人可以注册。但是，它们可能会减少发行资产的“抽水和垃圾场”计划的数量，并在发行人及其内部人员群体在约定的时间出售行李，这会导致市场价格崩溃，并使更多的易受骗的买家除了有价值的数字代币。