日本可以將數字資產從付款方式重新分類為金融產品

日本可能會將其數字資產的分類從支付方法更改為金融產品，此舉將增加發行人的監管監督。

Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) is proposing that the national government change the classification of digital assets, aiming to increase regulatory oversight for issuers.

日本金融服務局（FSA）提出，國民政府改變了數字資產的分類，旨在增加發行人的監管監督。

This move is in response to an increasing number of investment scams as the digital asset market has grown to roughly JPY 4.5 trillion (USD 30.11 billion). The regulator proposes that the government review the change by the middle of 2025.

隨著數字資產市場已增長到45萬億美元（3011億美元），這一舉動是對越來越多的投資騙局的回應。監管機構建議政府在2025年中期審查變更。

It would place digital (or “crypto”) assets under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, similar to company shares. Although there are technically already registration requirements for digital asset issuers, they are not as strict as those covering more “traditional” investments.

它將根據《金融工具與交換法》（Financial Instruments and Exchange Act）將數字（或“加密”）資產置於類似於公司股票的情況下。儘管從技術上講，已經對數字資產發行人有註冊要求，但它們並不像涵蓋更多“傳統”投資的人那樣嚴格。

If adopted as policy and then law, this would mean far greater disclosure of issuers’ identities and corporate status. Digital assets in Japan are currently covered by the Payment Services Act.

如果被採用為政策，然後法律，這將意味著更大的披露發行人的身份和公司地位。日本的數字資產目前已由《支付服務法》涵蓋。

This classifies them more as a form of payment than a financial instrument or investment—similar to in-app tokens, store loyalty points, or gift cards. The Act refers to such payment methods as “virtual currencies,” which may include any blockchain and non-blockchain digital assets other than digital versions of the national currency (JPY). To be a digital payment method, an asset must exist electronically and be recordable on an electronic device, have a property value, and can be exchanged for other goods or services.

這將他們歸類為一種付款方式，而不是金融工具或投資，類似於應用程序內代幣，存儲忠誠度點或禮品卡。該法指的是“虛擬貨幣”等付款方式，其中可能包括除國籍貨幣（JPY）以外的數字版本以外的任何區塊鍊和非區塊鏈數字資產。要成為一種數字支付方法，資產必須以電子方式存在，並且在電子設備上可記錄，具有財產價值，並且可以換成其他商品或服務。

Since 2017, the FSA has defined the “crypto assets” subcategory more specifically, with tighter regulations for exchange platforms. In the years since then, more regulations have been aimed at protecting consumers, such as prohibiting misleading advertisements and increasing customer ID requirements, as well as scrutiny of transactions involving stablecoins.

自2017年以來，FSA已更具體地定義了“加密資產”子類別，並針對交換平台進行了更嚴格的規定。從那以後的幾年中，更多的法規旨在保護消費者，例如禁止誤導性廣告和增加客戶ID要求，以及對涉及StableCoins的交易的審查。

Anyone who’s ever used a public chat app is used to seeing a multitude of investment scams, and it’s highly probable the word “crypto” will appear somewhere in the blurb. Most will ignore them, but the percentage of users gullible enough to throw money at strangers makes them worthwhile.

任何曾經使用過公共聊天應用程序的人都可以看到多種投資騙局，而且很可能“加密”一詞將出現在blurb中。大多數人會忽略他們，但是足夠易受損的用戶比例可以向陌生人扔錢，這使他們值得。

Some schemes would seem bizarre to anyone with an ounce of skepticism, but Japan’s large population (a high percentage of which is over 60 years old) still means there are plenty of potential marks. One example from 2023 involved a Tokyo-based company called VISION and its “affiliates” that sold shares in rental “USB devices” in return for cash payouts. When the cash payments ran out, VISION began paying investors in a cryptocoin called “V Cash,” an asset that did exist, but wasn’t listed on any exchange and was essentially worthless. Over 3,000 people fell for the scheme, losing over $1 million in total.

有些計劃對任何懷有懷疑的人來說似乎都很奇怪，但是日本的人口眾多（其中很高的60歲以上）仍然意味著有很多潛在的印記。 2023年的一個例子涉及一家總部位於東京的公司，名為Vision及其“分支機構”，該公司出售了租金“ USB設備”中的股份，以換取現金支出。當現金付款耗盡時，視力開始向投資者支付名為“ V Cash”的加密貨幣，這確實存在，但並未在任何交易所上列出，本質上是毫無價值的。超過3,000人跌落了該計劃，總共損失了超過100萬美元。

Bitcoin was the first blockchain network to appear, but since its initial release in 2009, thousands more blockchains have been created, each with its own native token. Tokenization protocols on many of those networks have made creating a blockchain-verifiable digital asset relatively simple and selling it as the “next hot coin” to anyone willing to buy some.

比特幣是第一個出現的區塊鍊網絡，但是自2009年最初發布以來，已經創建了數千個區塊鏈，每個區塊鏈都有自己的本機令牌。這些網絡中的許多網絡上的標記協議使創建一個可靠的區塊鏈驗證的數字資產相對簡單，並將其作為願意購買一些人的任何人出售為“下一個熱硬幣”。

Even with enhanced registration requirements, scammers will always find ways to scam—especially since many schemes don’s even involve actual digital assets or have an issuer to register. However, they may reduce the number of “pump and dump” schemes that issue an asset and inflate the price before the issuer and their groups of insiders sell off their bags at an agreed time, causing market prices to crash and leaving more gullible buyers with nothing but worthless digital tokens.See More

即使有了增強的註冊要求，騙子也總是會找到騙局的方法 - 尤其是因為許多計劃甚至涉及實際的數字資產或有發行人可以註冊。但是，它們可能會減少發行資產的“抽水和垃圾場”計劃的數量，並在發行人及其內部人員群體在約定的時間出售行李，這會導致市場價格崩潰，並使更多的易受騙的買家除了有價值的數字代幣。