印度考虑禁止加密货币以支持自己的 CBDC

印度正在考虑禁止比特币 BTC/USD 和以太坊 ETH/USD 等加密货币，转而支持本国央行数字货币 (CBDC)

India is considering banning cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin (CRYPTO: BTC) and Ethereum (CRYPTO: ETH) in favor of its own central bank digital currency (CBDC), according to a report.

据一份报告称，印度正在考虑禁止比特币（CRYPTO：BTC）和以太坊（CRYPTO：ETH）等加密货币，转而使用自己的央行数字货币（CBDC）。

The government is preparing a discussion paper on the future of crypto regulation in the country, and key regulatory institutions are advocating for the move, sources told Hindustan Times.

消息人士告诉《印度斯坦时报》，政府正在准备一份关于该国加密货币监管未来的讨论文件，主要监管机构正在倡导此举。

Consultations have strongly leaned toward prohibiting private cryptocurrencies, given the significant risks they pose, the officials said.

官员们表示，考虑到私人加密货币带来的巨大风险，磋商强烈倾向于禁止私人加密货币。

Government officials believe the risks of cryptocurrencies, including stablecoins, outweigh their benefits.

政府官员认为，包括稳定币在内的加密货币的风险大于其收益。

“CBDCs can do whatever cryptos do. In fact, CBDCs have more benefits than cryptos, minus the risks associated with private cryptocurrencies,” a government official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told the publication.

“加密货币能做的任何事，CBDC 都能做。事实上，减去与私人加密货币相关的风险，CBDC 比加密货币有更多的好处，”一位不愿透露姓名的政府官员告诉该出版物。

Officials raised further concerns about the instability of stablecoins, or cryptocurrencies typically pegged to fiat currencies, questioning their reliability despite their backing by tangible assets.

官员们对稳定币或通常与法定货币挂钩的加密货币的不稳定性提出了进一步的担忧，质疑其可靠性，尽管它们有有形资产的支持。

A CBDC, called a "digital rupee" in India or commonly referred to as a "digital dollar" elsewhere, is a government-controlled blockchain token that works like a digital version of the state's fiat currency.

CBDC 在印度被称为“数字卢比”，在其他地方通常被称为“数字美元”，是一种政府控制的区块链代币，其工作原理类似于该国法定货币的数字版本。

Detractors say that CBDCs will increase government surveillance of citizens, and they have faced substantial criticism from crypto advocates around the world.

批评者表示，CBDC 将加强政府对公民的监控，并且它们面临着世界各地加密货币倡导者的严厉批评。

India has aligned itself with international standards on crypto regulation as a G20 member, adopting the IMF-FSB synthesis paper in September 2023.

作为 G20 成员，印度已与加密货币监管的国际标准保持一致，并于 2023 年 9 月采用了 IMF-FSB 综合文件。

This global framework outlines a regulatory threshold, but allows individual nations to impose stricter measures if they choose, including a total ban.

这一全球框架概述了监管门槛，但允许个别国家选择实施更严格的措施，包括全面禁止。

Despite the stance against decentralized cryptocurrencies, Indian regulators have shown enthusiasm over the potential of blockchain, including for tokenization of government securities, delivering end-use credit to vulnerable populations, and implementing targeted subsidies.

尽管反对去中心化加密货币，但印度监管机构对区块链的潜力表现出了热情，包括政府证券的代币化、向弱势群体提供最终用途信贷以及实施有针对性的补贴。

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das recently highlighted the potential of CBDCs at a conference in Bengaluru, specifically emphasizing their role in financial inclusion.

印度储备银行 (RBI) 行长 Shaktikanta Das 最近在班加罗尔举行的一次会议上强调了 CBDC 的潜力，特别强调了它们在金融普惠性方面的作用。

“The programmability feature of CBDC could serve as a key enabler for financial inclusion by ensuring delivery of funds to the targeted user,” Das noted.

达斯指出：“CBDC 的可编程性功能可以通过确保向目标用户交付资金，成为金融普惠的关键推动者。”

India’s CBDC, the digital rupee (e₹), has been in pilot testing since November 2022 in the wholesale market, with a retail pilot launching in December of the same year.

印度的 CBDC，即数字卢比 (eR)，自 2022 年 11 月以来一直在批发市场进行试点测试，并于同年 12 月启动零售试点。

The retail pilot has now expanded to over 5 million users and includes 16 participating banks.

该零售试点现已扩大到超过 500 万用户，包括 16 家参与银行。

The RBI has been analyzing the outcomes of these pilots to determine how to scale up the digital rupee's use, including potential cross-border applications.

印度储备银行一直在分析这些试点的结果，以确定如何扩大数字卢比的使用，包括潜在的跨境应用。

In August, the country's largest public sector bank State Bank of India (NYSE:SBI) launched a pilot program in the provinces of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh, using the CBDC to lend to tenant farmers for specific agricultural inputs.

8 月，印度最大的公共部门银行印度国家银行（纽约证券交易所股票代码：SBI）在奥里萨邦和安得拉邦启动了一项试点计划，利用 CBDC 向佃农提供特定农业投入的贷款。

Officials see these projects as indicative of the broad possibilities for CBDCs in both domestic and international transactions, reinforcing the government’s preference for this system over private cryptocurrencies.

官员们认为这些项目表明了 CBDC 在国内和国际交易中的广泛可能性，强化了政府对该系统相对于私人加密货币的偏好。