约旦河谷考古遗址发现 160 枚硬币，拥有 2,100 年历史

这些硬币可追溯到亚历山大·詹尼乌斯 (Alexander Jannaeus) 统治时期（约公元前 103 至 76 年），他既是哈斯蒙尼王朝的大祭司，又是国王

A large hoard of 160 coins, dating back over 2,100 years, has been discovered at an archaeological site in the Jordan Valley.

约旦河谷的一处考古遗址发现了一大堆 160 枚硬币，其历史可以追溯到 2,100 多年前。

The coins, which were found by archaeologists from the University of Haifa, belong to the period of Alexander Jannaeus, who ruled as both a high priest and a king of the Hasmoneans from 103 to 76 B.C. The Hasmoneans were a dynasty of Jewish kings who established a kingdom covering present-day Israel, the West Bank and parts of neighboring regions, starting in 167 B.C., when Jewish inhabitants of the area revolted against the Seleucid Empire and managed to seize portions of it. During the first century B.C., the Roman Republic conquered the Hasmoneans' territory and permitted King Herod to establish his own kingdom.

这些硬币由海法大学的考古学家发现，属于亚历山大·詹内乌斯 (Alexander Jannaeus) 时期，他在公元前 103 年至公元前 76 年期间以大祭司和国王的身份统治着哈斯蒙尼王朝。哈斯蒙尼王朝是一个犹太国王王朝，他们建立了哈斯蒙尼王朝。一个涵盖当今以色列、约旦河西岸和部分邻近地区的王国，始于公元前 167 年，当时该地区的犹太居民反抗塞琉古帝国，并设法夺取了部分领土 它。公元前一世纪，罗马共和国征服了哈斯蒙尼王朝的领土，并允许希律王建立自己的王国。

According to a translated statement from the University of Haifa, the coins feature engravings of eight pointed stars and inscriptions in both Aramaic and Greek, identifying Alexander Jannaeus and indicating that the coins were minted in the 25th year of his reign. This type of coin was produced around 80 or 79 B.C., the statement adds.

根据海法大学的翻译声明，这些硬币上刻有八颗尖角星星，并刻有阿拉姆语和希腊语铭文，表明亚历山大·詹尼乌斯的身份，并表明这些硬币是在他统治第 25 年铸造的。声明补充说，这种硬币是在公元前 80 或 79 年左右生产的。

"It is a very common coin type," Shay Bar, an archaeologist at the University of Haifa leading the team, told Live Science in an email. However, he noted that Hasmonean coins are not typically found in large hoards in the region, making this discovery unusual.

“这是一种非常常见的硬币类型，”领导该团队的海法大学考古学家谢伊·巴尔在一封电子邮件中告诉《生活科学》。然而，他指出，哈斯蒙尼硬币通常不会在该地区的大型储藏室中发现，这使得这一发现不同寻常。

The archaeologists uncovered the hoard near a collapsed wall in the food preparation area of a building, which might provide clues about why it was buried there. The building was located at the archaeological site of Rujm es-Sia in the Jordan Valley, which served as a way station for travelers heading to the nearby Hasmonean fortress of Sartaba, the statement said.

考古学家在一栋建筑的食物准备区倒塌的墙壁附近发现了这些宝藏，这可能提供了关于为什么它被埋在那里的线索。声明称，该建筑位于约旦河谷的 Rujm es-Sia 考古遗址，该遗址是前往附近萨尔塔巴哈斯莫尼安堡垒的旅行者的中转站。

However, the precise reason for burying the hoard remains unknown, according to Bar.

然而，巴尔表示，埋藏这些宝藏的确切原因仍不清楚。

"The question of deposition intent is very hard to answer in archaeology," Bar said. It could have been concealed during a period of unrest, he suggested. Alternatively, it might not have been deliberately hidden at all; it could have been part of a cash desk for individuals selling food, according to Bar. Another possibility is that it was placed in the wall as an offering or foundation deposit, a practice that was uncommon during this period, Bar said.

“沉积意图的问题在考古学中很难回答，”巴尔说。他表示，这可能是在动荡时期被隐藏的。或者，它可能根本就不是故意隐藏的；巴尔表示，它可能是销售食品的个人收银台的一部分。巴尔说，另一种可能性是，它被作为祭品或基金会存款放置在墙上，这种做法在这一时期并不常见。

The excavation of the site and examination of the remains are still in progress. A study on the coin hoard will be published in the future.

遗址发掘和遗骸检查仍在进行中。关于硬币囤积的研究将在未来发表。