美联储历史性加息75点以应对通胀飙升

通过 ETMarkets.com 了解最新的财经新闻、市场分析和专家见解。跟踪实时市场更新、股票提示和投资策略。订阅独家 Telegram 源以获取实时提醒，并通过 ET Prime 订阅在线访问《经济时报》电子纸。探索表现最佳的股票，包括 SBI、Axis Bank、HDFC Bank、Infosys、Wipro 和 NTPC。

Federal Reserve Raises Interest Rates by Historic 75 Basis Points Amid Soaring Inflation

通胀飙升，美联储加息历史性75个基点

Washington, D.C. - In a historic move to combat persistent inflationary pressures, the Federal Reserve has raised its benchmark interest rate by 75 basis points, the largest increase since 1994. The decision, announced by Fed Chairman Jerome Powell at a press conference, marks a significant departure from the central bank's gradual approach to monetary policy in recent years.

华盛顿特区 - 为了应对持续的通胀压力，美联储采取了历史性举措，将基准利率提高了 75 个基点，这是自 1994 年以来的最大涨幅。美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在新闻发布会上宣布了这一决定，标志着美联储与近年来央行渐进式的货币政策方针明显背离。

The aggressive rate hike comes as the U.S. economy faces its highest inflation rate in four decades, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) surging by 8.6% year-over-year in May. The relentless rise in prices across a broad range of goods and services, from food and energy to shelter and transportation, has eroded consumer purchasing power and raised concerns about the long-term health of the economy.

此次大幅加息之际，美国经济正面临四十年来最高的通胀率，5月份消费者价格指数（CPI）同比飙升8.6%。从食品和能源到住房和交通等各种商品和服务的价格不断上涨，削弱了消费者的购买力，并引发了人们对经济长期健康状况的担忧。

"Inflation is much too high, and we understand the hardship it is causing," Powell said at the press conference. "We are strongly committed to bringing inflation back down to our 2% goal."

鲍威尔在新闻发布会上表示：“通货膨胀太高了，我们理解它所造成的困难。” “我们坚定致力于将通胀率降至 2% 的目标。”

The Fed's decision to raise rates by a full three-quarters of a percentage point underscores the urgency with which policymakers view the inflation threat. It also marks a significant shift in the central bank's stance since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, when it had slashed rates to near-zero levels to stimulate economic growth.

美联储加息整整四分之三个百分点的决定凸显了政策制定者对通胀威胁的紧迫性。这也标志着自 COVID-19 大流行爆发以来央行立场的重大转变，当时央行将利率削减至接近于零的水平以刺激经济增长。

Powell acknowledged that the aggressive rate hikes could slow economic growth and potentially lead to job losses. However, he emphasized that the Fed's priority is to bring inflation under control and prevent a prolonged period of elevated prices.

鲍威尔承认，激进的加息可能会减缓经济增长，并可能导致失业。不过，他强调，美联储的首要任务是控制通胀，防止物价长期上涨。

"We must keep at it until the job is done," Powell said. "We will not allow a return to the high inflation of the 1970s."

鲍威尔说：“我们必须坚持下去，直到工作完成。” “我们不会允许回到 20 世纪 70 年代的高通胀。”

The Fed's rate hike is expected to have far-reaching implications for the U.S. economy and financial markets. Higher interest rates will increase borrowing costs for businesses and consumers, potentially slowing investment and spending. The move could also strengthen the U.S. dollar against other currencies, making American exports more expensive and imports cheaper.

美联储加息预计将对美国经济和金融市场产生深远影响。较高的利率将增加企业和消费者的借贷成本，可能会减缓投资和支出。此举还可能导致美元兑其他货币走强，从而使美国出口产品更加昂贵，进口产品更加便宜。

Analysts generally welcomed the Fed's decision but cautioned that the aggressive rate hikes could increase the risk of a recession. "The Fed is sending a clear signal that it is serious about fighting inflation," said Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Analytics. "However, the path they are on could lead to a hard landing for the economy."

分析师普遍欢迎美联储的决定，但警告称，激进的加息可能会增加经济衰退的风险。穆迪分析首席经济学家马克·赞迪表示：“美联储正在发出明确的信号，表明它正在认真应对通胀。” “然而，他们所走的道路可能会导致经济硬着陆。”

The Fed's next meeting is scheduled for July 26-27, when it is widely expected to raise rates by another 50 or 75 basis points. Powell indicated that the central bank would continue to monitor economic data and adjust its monetary policy accordingly.

美联储下次会议定于 7 月 26 日至 27 日举行，市场普遍预计届时将再加息 50 或 75 个基点。鲍威尔表示，央行将继续监测经济数据，并相应调整货币政策。

"We are committed to using our tools to bring inflation back down to our 2% goal and to achieve maximum employment," Powell said. "We will not hesitate to act further as needed."

鲍威尔表示：“我们致力于利用我们的工具将通胀率降至 2% 的目标，并实现就业最大化。” “我们将毫不犹豫地根据需要采取进一步行动。”